IB SEHS B.2 Motivation

Goal Orientation Theory

An individual's main concern is to demonstrate high ability and to avoid demonstrating low ability

Attribution Theory

Belief that achievement can be attributed to effort, ability, level of task difficulty, or luck; reasons players provide for their success or failure

Achievement motivation theory

Explains how motive to achieve and motive to avoid failure influence behavior

ego orientation

Focus on demonstrating superior ability compared to others and on winning in competitions with less effort than others

Task orientation

Focus on mastery of task, the learning of skills, exerting effort and self-improvement

Intrinsic motivation

Is associated with doing an activity for itself and for the pleasure and satisfaction derived from participation

Extrinsic motivation

Results from external rewards such as money, trophies, and prizes

Self-serving bias

Tendency for most people to adopt external attributions and blame other factors after a loss or to use internal reasons to explain the outcome after a win

Motivation

The direction and intensity of one's effort

Autonomy

The need to make our own decisions and to be in control of one's own behavior

Identified regulation

We participate bc we feel its personally important to do so and we value the activity; when athletes devote hours to mundane drills - know they will help them improve but they don't necessarily enjoy them

Introjected regulation

We participate because we feel we should and to avoid disapproval or guilt

Learned helplessness

When an individual perceives that his or her failure is due to a lack of ability and their actions have no effect on the outcome of the task

Achievement motivation theory: Resultant tendencies

approach success or avoid failure

Achievement motivation theory: Personality factors

motive to achieve success or motive to avoid failure

Achievement motivation theory: Emotional behaviors

pride of success or shame of failure

Achievement motivation theory: Situational factors

probability of success and incentive value of success

integrated regulation

the activity is important because of valued outcome rather than interest in activity for itself; example: completing daily stretching to improve track performance

Self determination theory

the degree to which your behaviors are chosen and self-initiated; focuses on 6 different levels of motivation