IB SEHS Topic 6
Double blind experiment
both the participants and the experimenters are unaware of who is in the experimental or control groups. This is to make sure that neither party influences the results.
Speed
change of distance with respect to time when movement occurs
Reaction time
duration between presentation of a stimulus and associated response
Laboratory testing
experiments that are done in a lab. More accurate than field testing
Progression
gradually increase more amounts of exercise over time.
Error bars
graphical representation of variability of the data
Reliability
if you repeated the test again are you likely to get similar results
Overload
improve a certain part of your fitness by increasingly placing requirements on the parts you need it most
Stretching
improves flexibility and lower the risk of injury
Recreational activities
improves your health and fitness. Strengthen relationships with friends and family.
Resistance training
improves your muscular strength and endurance
Flexibility training
lower the risk of injury and have better balance.
Warm up
prepares your cardiovascular respiratory system to function more effectively when you are doing exercise. Increases your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate
Power
rate of doing work
OMNI scale
scale used for children with CP and Down syndrome for rating of perceived exertion
Cool down
slowly reduces the cardio-respiratory activity that you were doing.
Balance
stability of body
Anthropometry
study of measurements and proportions of the human body
Maximal
testing for a person's maximum ability. Used for people who are physically fit
Harvard Step Test
testing the participant on heart rate recovery after performing the task.
Handball toss
tests hand eye coordination using a ball to throw against the wall and catching it with your opposite hand repeatedly
Field testing
tests that can be done without expensive equipment.
Coordination
the ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently
t-test
used to determine if two sets of data are significantly different from each other.
specificity
using certain training methods that are relevant and acceptable to the sport in order to be effective for the person you are training
What constant do we use for error bars?
2
Placebo
A harmless substance given to the participants in the controlled group. The substance won't affect the person's performance during the experiment.
Multi-stage fitness test
AKA the Beep test. Participant runs increasingly faster in 20 meter shuttles until they're exhausted
Way to remember health related fitnesses
Charlie's Mom Said Fantastic Boots
Accuracy
Checking if the instruments you're using in an experiment are working properly
State why standard deviation is useful
Displays the consistency of each sample
Validity
Does the test actually test what is tests
BMI
Equation to calculate the if your is normal, overweight and obese (person's weight divided by their height squared).
Sub-maximal
For people who are afraid or aren't knowledgeable of pushing their limits. Good for children and the elderly
Endurance training
Helps resist pain and fatigue when doing any type of exercise you're doing. This will make you perform better during your exercises
Reversibility
If the training plan is terminated then fitness improvements will return to pre-training values. The effect of Detraining is much faster with muscle endurance in comparison to strength.
Sit up test
Measure the strength and endurance of your stomach and hip-flexor muscles
Drop test
Measures hand eye coordination by dropping an object and having the person catch using their thumb and index finger
Standing Broad jump
Measures leg power. To do this test, you jump as far as you can.
Underwater weighting
Measures the mass per unit volume of a person's body using displacement
Hand grip dynamometer
Measures the maximum strength of your hand and forearm using this machine
Specificity
Measuring the skills needed for a sport can see how well the athlete can maintain that skill when repeatedly doing it.
Maximum push up test
Participant does as many push ups as they can with no time limit. This measures upper body strength and enduranc
Cooper 12 minute run test
Participant run/walk as fast as they can in 12 minutes.
Blind experiment
Participants in the experiment don't know which group they are in. If the participants know what they are getting, it will defeat the purpose of the experiment
Randomized groups
People of various skill levels are put in different groups by random. This is to ensure that we don't favor one group over another.
periodisation
Plan out your training approach in an organized, structured way. It's important to show the phases during the experiment
Illinos
Tests agility by having you run as quickly as possible through a series of cones placed in a certain way
Sit and reach test
Tests the flexibility of a person in the lower back and hamstring muscles.
Agility
The ability to change direction at speed with control
40 meter sprint test
The person being tested sprints 40 meters as fast as they can. Warm-ups and practice sprints should be done before test
Body composition
The relation of fat mass to fat free mass (bones, muscles etc)
Computer simulation
The use of artificial intelligence to measure and test an individual's skills
Stork
This test determines a person's balance. To test this the experimenter has the person stand on one foot with hands on their hips
Why is it important to have an control group?
To see if your hypothesis correlates with the data collected and overcoming learning problems
Sargent Jump
Using vertical height jumps to test one's leg muscle strength
Control group
a bunch of people are put into a group that doesn't get any special treatment for the experiment.
PAR-Q
a questionnaire that makes sure the participant doesn't have any health issues that will put them in danger in the experiment
Standard Deviation
a spread of scores around the mean
Muscular endurance
ability of a muscle(s) to maintain force or power
Muscular strength
ability to generate force using muscle(s)
Flexibility
ability to move through a full range of movement around a joint
Cardiovascular fitness
ability to take in, deliver and use oxygen for use of a aerobic activity