IB SEHS Topic 6

Double blind experiment

both the participants and the experimenters are unaware of who is in the experimental or control groups. This is to make sure that neither party influences the results.

Speed

change of distance with respect to time when movement occurs

Reaction time

duration between presentation of a stimulus and associated response

Laboratory testing

experiments that are done in a lab. More accurate than field testing

Progression

gradually increase more amounts of exercise over time.

Error bars

graphical representation of variability of the data

Reliability

if you repeated the test again are you likely to get similar results

Overload

improve a certain part of your fitness by increasingly placing requirements on the parts you need it most

Stretching

improves flexibility and lower the risk of injury

Recreational activities

improves your health and fitness. Strengthen relationships with friends and family.

Resistance training

improves your muscular strength and endurance

Flexibility training

lower the risk of injury and have better balance.

Warm up

prepares your cardiovascular respiratory system to function more effectively when you are doing exercise. Increases your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate

Power

rate of doing work

OMNI scale

scale used for children with CP and Down syndrome for rating of perceived exertion

Cool down

slowly reduces the cardio-respiratory activity that you were doing.

Balance

stability of body

Anthropometry

study of measurements and proportions of the human body

Maximal

testing for a person's maximum ability. Used for people who are physically fit

Harvard Step Test

testing the participant on heart rate recovery after performing the task.

Handball toss

tests hand eye coordination using a ball to throw against the wall and catching it with your opposite hand repeatedly

Field testing

tests that can be done without expensive equipment.

Coordination

the ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently

t-test

used to determine if two sets of data are significantly different from each other.

specificity

using certain training methods that are relevant and acceptable to the sport in order to be effective for the person you are training

What constant do we use for error bars?

2

Placebo

A harmless substance given to the participants in the controlled group. The substance won't affect the person's performance during the experiment.

Multi-stage fitness test

AKA the Beep test. Participant runs increasingly faster in 20 meter shuttles until they're exhausted

Way to remember health related fitnesses

Charlie's Mom Said Fantastic Boots

Accuracy

Checking if the instruments you're using in an experiment are working properly

State why standard deviation is useful

Displays the consistency of each sample

Validity

Does the test actually test what is tests

BMI

Equation to calculate the if your is normal, overweight and obese (person's weight divided by their height squared).

Sub-maximal

For people who are afraid or aren't knowledgeable of pushing their limits. Good for children and the elderly

Endurance training

Helps resist pain and fatigue when doing any type of exercise you're doing. This will make you perform better during your exercises

Reversibility

If the training plan is terminated then fitness improvements will return to pre-training values. The effect of Detraining is much faster with muscle endurance in comparison to strength.

Sit up test

Measure the strength and endurance of your stomach and hip-flexor muscles

Drop test

Measures hand eye coordination by dropping an object and having the person catch using their thumb and index finger

Standing Broad jump

Measures leg power. To do this test, you jump as far as you can.

Underwater weighting

Measures the mass per unit volume of a person's body using displacement

Hand grip dynamometer

Measures the maximum strength of your hand and forearm using this machine

Specificity

Measuring the skills needed for a sport can see how well the athlete can maintain that skill when repeatedly doing it.

Maximum push up test

Participant does as many push ups as they can with no time limit. This measures upper body strength and enduranc

Cooper 12 minute run test

Participant run/walk as fast as they can in 12 minutes.

Blind experiment

Participants in the experiment don't know which group they are in. If the participants know what they are getting, it will defeat the purpose of the experiment

Randomized groups

People of various skill levels are put in different groups by random. This is to ensure that we don't favor one group over another.

periodisation

Plan out your training approach in an organized, structured way. It's important to show the phases during the experiment

Illinos

Tests agility by having you run as quickly as possible through a series of cones placed in a certain way

Sit and reach test

Tests the flexibility of a person in the lower back and hamstring muscles.

Agility

The ability to change direction at speed with control

40 meter sprint test

The person being tested sprints 40 meters as fast as they can. Warm-ups and practice sprints should be done before test

Body composition

The relation of fat mass to fat free mass (bones, muscles etc)

Computer simulation

The use of artificial intelligence to measure and test an individual's skills

Stork

This test determines a person's balance. To test this the experimenter has the person stand on one foot with hands on their hips

Why is it important to have an control group?

To see if your hypothesis correlates with the data collected and overcoming learning problems

Sargent Jump

Using vertical height jumps to test one's leg muscle strength

Control group

a bunch of people are put into a group that doesn't get any special treatment for the experiment.

PAR-Q

a questionnaire that makes sure the participant doesn't have any health issues that will put them in danger in the experiment

Standard Deviation

a spread of scores around the mean

Muscular endurance

ability of a muscle(s) to maintain force or power

Muscular strength

ability to generate force using muscle(s)

Flexibility

ability to move through a full range of movement around a joint

Cardiovascular fitness

ability to take in, deliver and use oxygen for use of a aerobic activity