Illuminate Assignment: Rome and Christendom
Which of the following is a lasting contribution of Roman law? A. All citizens have a right to equal treatment. B. All people living in the republic are citizens. C. Citizens can not be arrested without a warrant. D. The Senate was to be the aristocratic branch of government.
A. All citizens have a right to equal treatment.
The invasions of the Visigoths and the Vandals led to the decline of which civilization? A. Ancient Rome B. Ancient Egypt C. Ancient India D. Ancient Greece
A. Ancient Rome
Latin was the official language of Rome during ancient times. Latin spread throughout Europe and Romance languages were formed based on Latin. Which of the following is NOT a Romance language? A. Chinese B. French C. Italian D. Spanish
A. Chinese
Constantine changed the name of Byzantium to __________ in A.D. 330. A. Constantinople B. Rome C. Byzantine D. Istanbul
A. Constantinople
How did Emperor Leo III further create a rift between the Byzantine church and the Roman church? A. He ordered all icons be removed from churches. B. He forced the Pope out of the church. C. He refused to help defend Rome when it was invaded. D. He closed all churches that did not follow the Pope's rules.
A. He ordered all icons be removed from churches.
How did the status of social classes change in ancient Rome as a result of the Secession of the Plebes of 494 B.C.? A. Plebes gained more political power. B. Patricians were prohibited from owning slaves. C. Patricians began to outnumber plebes. D. Plebes become the wealthiest land owners.
A. Plebes gained more political power.
Which statement BEST explains the cause of the fall of Rome during the 5th century A.D.? A. Repeated invasions by Germanic tribes weakened Roman society. B. Crop famines forced many Romans to abandon the city. C. Rome's republic was replaced by an authoritarian dictator. D. Commercial interests lured many of Rome's merchants to Carthage.
A. Repeated invasions by Germanic tribes weakened Roman society.
The darker shaded areas on the map represent land controlled by what empire during its height in 117 A.D.? A. Roman B. Greek C. Syrian D. Egyptian
A. Roman
-right to a defense against legal charges -trial by jury -innocent until proven guilty The above legal aspects which are currently used today were borrowed from what ancient civilization? A. Romans B. Incas C. Egyptians D. Babylonians
A. Romans
Read the information and answer the question. Speaker 1: They united under Attila and attacked many Roman cities. Speaker 2: They joined the Roman military and overthrew the leaders. Speaker 3: They weakened Rome by plundering and looting the city for days. Speaker 4: They assassinated the emperor and set up a new government in Rome. Which speaker is discussing the Goths? A. Speaker 3 B. Speaker 2 C. Speaker 4 D. Speaker 1
A. Speaker 3
Which inventive piece of Roman engineering brought water into cities? A. aqueducts B. public baths C. public fountains D. rivers
A. aqueducts
How did the Roman emperor Theodosius MOST affect religious life in the Roman Empire? A. by closing down pagan temples B. by having the Bible translated into Latin C. by creating the position of pope D. by encouraging the persecution of Christians
A. by closing down pagan temples
How did the emperor Constantine contribute MOST to change in the Roman Empire? A. by making Christianity legal B. by requiring citizens to pay taxes C. by refusing to lead the military into battle D. by stopping the Hun invasion
A. by making Christianity legal
Which of the following was not an invention of the Romans? A. colonnade B. concrete C. dome D. None of the above
A. colonnade
Which phrase BEST explains a major result of the fall of the Roman Empire? A. expansion of the authority of the Catholic Church B. development of the Renaissance in Northern Europe C. beginning of the European age of exploration D. start of the Crusades in the Middle East
A. expansion of the authority of the Catholic Church
Because of its location near the Apennines Mountain Range, Rome was protected from __________. A. foreign invasion B. population growth C. strong government rule D. flooding of the Tiber River
A. foreign invasion
As civil unrest within the Roman Empire increased, it became difficult for farmers to __________ to support the population. A. grow enough food B. trade enough goods C. work enough hours D. grow enough wheat
A. grow enough food
The massive migration of immigrants into the Roman Empire in A.D. 300 allowed many __________ to enter the empire undetected and threaten Roman sovereignty. A. hostile barbarians B. friendly barbarians C. traveling merchants D. nomadic farmers
A. hostile barbarians
Use the list below to answer the question.Selected Laws from the Twelve Tables of Ancient Rome 1.1 If he (plaintiff) summon him (defendant) into court, he shall go. 11.3 Whoever is in need of evidence, he shall go on every third day to call out loud before the doorway of the witness. VIII.21 If a patron shall defraud his client, he must be solemnly forfeited (killed). IX.6 Putting to death . . . of any man who has not been convicted, whosoever he might be, is forbidden. Which protection is supported by these laws? A. innocent until proven guilty B. equal distribution of income C. direct election of leadership D. property rights for women
A. innocent until proven guilty
The Western Roman-Catholic church believed that the __________ was the head of the church, while the Eastern Orthodox church believed that the __________ was the head of the church. A. pope; emperor B. pope; patriarch C. emperor; pope D. bishop; patriarch
A. pope; emperor
Roman artists made statues that were __________, which were noticeably different from those of the Greeks. A. realistic with less attractive features B. angelic with Christ-like features C. strong, athletic, and unrealistic D. young, healthy, and beautiful
A. realistic with less attractive features
What was a MAIN effect of the fall of Rome? A. the decay of public structures and roads B. the establishment of colonies by European powers C. the decline of religious activities and traditions D. the rise of Greek city-states to power in Europe
A. the decay of public structures and roads
Use the excerpt below to answer the question. Such then are the powers of each of the parts of government both to oppose one another and to work in conjunction. In unison they are a match for any and all emergencies . . . —Polybius 6.18.1 Which principle of government BEST demonstrates the influence of the ancient Roman Republic? A. the system of checks and balances B. the election of a president C. the separation of church and state D. the protection of equal rights
A. the system of checks and balances
Which of the following was NOT a major factor in the fall of Rome? A. widespread disease and sickness B. invasions by Germanic groups C. declining economy D. lack of effective leadership
A. widespread disease and sickness
How would a Christian church leader living in the Byzantine Empire most likely respond to the question, "How do you view the emperor?" A. "The emperor is a living god." B. "The emperor is in control of the empire and we follow his wishes." C. "The emperor should have the same powers of the Pope." D. "The emperor is responsible for uniting Christianity."
B. "The emperor is in control of the empire and we follow his wishes."
Which statement correctly completes one section of this table? A. 3 — Latin is used to conduct services. B. 4 — Groups of bishops hold supreme authority in the Church. C. 2 — Priests are permitted to marry. D. 1 — Secular authorities must approve Church doctrine.
B. 4 — Groups of bishops hold supreme authority in the Church.
Use the table below to answer the question. Cause || Effect The conquest of Constantinople by Muslim forces ? Which effect BEST completes the table? A. Weakening of the Catholic Church B. Expansion of the Ottoman Empire C. Establishment of trade with Western nations D. Spread of Eastern religions in the Middle East
B. Expansion of the Ottoman Empire
Which title BEST completes this diagram? A. Results of Aztec and Mayan Political Influence B. Features of Greek and Roman Government C. Concepts Developed in Ancient Mesopotamia D. Results of Chinese Cultural Influence
B. Features of Greek and Roman Government
Which boundary marked the northern limit of the Roman Empire at its height? A. English Channel B. Hadrian's Wall C. Ural Mountains D. Rhine River
B. Hadrian's Wall
How did the Great Schism in the Western Church affect medieval society? A. It advanced the Church's claims to secular power. B. It weakened the influence of the Church C. It led to the decline of feudalism. D. It decreased the power of royal monarchies.
B. It weakened the influence of the Church
In A.D. 529, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I had the pre-existing Roman Laws reconfigured and compiled into a new legal system known as the __________. A. New Code B. Justinian Code C. Roman Code D. Byzantine Code
B. Justinian Code
What body of water did the Roman Empire form around? A. Caspian Sea B. Mediterranean Sea C. Red Sea D. Black Sea
B. Mediterranean Sea
Grid layouts of streets and bridge building techniques are two of the many long lasting contributions of the __________. A. Egyptians B. Romans C. Chinese D. Sumerians
B. Romans
During the third century CE, the Roman Empire had many expenses. Leaders set very high taxes and went to great lengths to collect the taxes. How did the tax policy affect Romans? A. Fewer Romans worked harder to earn more money. B. Romans were required to serve in the army. C. Fewer Romans entered politics. D. Romans were required to work at government jobs.
B. Romans were required to serve in the army.
Which of the following influences on government and democracy is Rome known for? A. Rome returned powers to the monarch. B. Rome gave the world the concept of a republic. C. Rome established a new form of Communism. D. Rome developed the Hebrew code of justice.
B. Rome gave the world the concept of a republic.
Why did Germanic peoples begin invading Roman territory? A. They were seeking freedom to practice their own religion. B. They were pushed out of their own territories by nomadic groups. C. They were seeking to create their own empire. D. They were pushed out of their own territories by natural disasters.
B. They were pushed out of their own territories by nomadic groups.
How did the Roman Empire maintain peace in its provinces? A. by allowing the provinces to exist without any changes B. by allowing the provinces to exist as they had but under Roman laws C. by allowing the people in the provinces to choose which of the Roman laws they wanted to follow D. by allowing the people in the provinces to choose their governor
B. by allowing the provinces to exist as they had but under Roman laws
Which phrase BEST summarizes a change that resulted from the Mongol invasions of Russia? A. establishment of permanent borders between Mongolia and Russia B. greater unity within the Russian Orthodox Church C. acceptance of Russian as the national language D. increase in alliances between European powers
B. greater unity within the Russian Orthodox Church
The greatest geographer of the Roman Empire was Ptolemy. What lasting contribution did Ptolemy have on travelers? A. roads B. maps C. bridges D. aqueducts
B. maps
During the Middle Ages, which characteristic did western Europe and the Byzantine Empire have in common? A. development of a middle class B. practice of a common religion C. education in local languages D. control by a single ruler
B. practice of a common religion
Due to the vast size of the Roman Empire, it had to be divided up into __________, which were formed to ensure that Romans had total control. A. city-states B. provinces C. countries D. empires
B. provinces
What was the main cause of the division between the Eastern Byzantine Empire and the Western Roman Empire and could fit in the blank space in the chart above? A. economic differences B. religious differences C. military differences D. educational differences
B. religious differences
What was one immediate effect of the fall of the Roman Empire on Europe? A. a decrease in trade among major port cities B. the expansion of Germanic tribal kingdoms C. the rise of more centralized political institutions D. a decline in the influence of the Catholic Church
B. the expansion of Germanic tribal kingdoms
The diffusion of aqueduct technology occurred because of which development? A. the growth of Middle East trade B. the expansion of the Roman Empire C. the Macedonian conquest of Asia Minor D. the spread of Islam in North Africa
B. the expansion of the Roman Empire
A leading religious argument over __________ divided the Church in the Byzantine Empire. A. the belief in their emperor as Jesus B. the use of icons C. the pope as the head of the church D. helping the pope during invasions
B. the use of icons
After the Roman Empire split in A.D. 330, the__________ portion of the empire was referred to as the Roman Empire, and the__________ portion was referred to as the Byzantine Empire. A. western; northern B. western; eastern C. eastern; western D. eastern; southern
B. western; eastern
Which characteristic of Roman Catholicism was rejected by followers of Eastern Orthodoxy? A. church hierarchy B; papal supremacy C. belief in monotheism D. belief in the Trinity
B; papal supremacy
Which of the following is NOT an example of ancient Roman engineering? A. Colosseum B. Pont Du Gard C. Acropolis D. Pantheon
C. Acropolis
Use the table below to answer the question. Cause || Effect Constantine legalizes Christianity || ? Which effect BEST completes the table? A. Rome is violently divided over Christian doctrine. B. Catholic Church begins the Counter-Reformation. C. Christianity spreads quickly with government support. D. Believers in the old Roman gods are forced to flee Rome.
C. Christianity spreads quickly with government support.
In late A.D. 300, barbarians sought refuge within the Roman Empire to escape the invading __________. A. English B. Egyptians C. Huns D. Greeks
C. Huns
Which statement is the BEST example of the contrasting roles of religion during the Middle Ages? A. In western Europe, religion was a source of conflict, while in the Byzantine Empire, religion encouraged compromise. B. In western Europe, marriage was allowed for the clergy, while in the Byzantine Empire, it was prohibited. C. In the Byzantine Empire, the patriarch deferred to political rulers, while in western Europe, the pope attempted to control political rulers. D. In the Byzantine Empire, religious rituals were only on holy days, while in western Europe, religion was a part of daily life.
C. In the Byzantine Empire, the patriarch deferred to political rulers, while in western Europe, the pope attempted to control political rulers.
Suppose you were looking at a map of the Roman Empire in 100 AD. The borders of the Empire would include parts of all of the following regions, except A. France. B. Egypt. C. India. D. Spain.
C. India.
When the Roman Empire began to lose military strength, it lost areas it had previously conquered. Which statement BEST describes what happened to the economy of the Roman Empire as a result? A. It suffered because it produced a surplus of crops. B. It improved because there was less social unrest. C. It suffered because there were fewer sources of labor. D. It improved because it was easier to manage local businesses.
C. It suffered because there were fewer sources of labor.
Emperors in ancient Rome often reduced the amount of gold and silver used to mint coins. The gold and silver were replaced with other metals. What was MOST likely an effect of the choice to reduce the amount of gold and silver in coins? A. Coins lasted a shorter amount of time. B. Fewer coins could be minted. C. People could buy less with coins. D. People could pay taxes with coins.
C. People could buy less with coins.
Suppose you were a typical citizen of the Roman Empire at its height. What problem most likely affected you and many other citizens as a result of territorial expansion? A. The army grew smaller. B. Leaders of Rome became weak and powerless. C. Taxes became too high for many citizens. D. Roman soldiers destroyed most of the land they conquered.
C. Taxes became too high for many citizens.
What was a MAIN reason why the Eastern Roman Empire lasted so much longer than the Western Roman Empire? A. The Eastern Roman Empire was protected by the Catholic Church. B. The Western Roman Empire lacked elected government officials. C. The Eastern Roman Empire was easier to defend from invaders. D. The Western Roman Empire lacked trade routes.
C. The Eastern Roman Empire was easier to defend from invaders.
Which statement is true about the patriarch of Constantinople? A. The patriarch of Constantinople was the title given to the Byzantine emperor. B. The patriarch of Constantinople was the leader of the Roman church. C. The patriarch of Constantinople was the leader of the Byzantine church. D. The patriarch of Constantinople is another name given to the Pope.
C. The patriarch of Constantinople was the leader of the Byzantine church.
Which problem, brought by the expansion of the Roman Empire into new lands, helped lead to the decline of the Roman Empire? A.The development of many enemies that joined forces to fight Rome. B. The decrease in the amount of slaves. C. The spread of disease throughout many regions of the empire. D. The destruction of the entire army.
C. The spread of disease throughout many regions of the empire.
Which modern-day country contains the original capital city of the Byzantine Empire? A. Italy B. France C. Turkey D. Greece
C. Turkey
Two of Rome's many engineering specialities were __________ and __________ , which were well built and linked Rome to every other part of the empire. A. aqueducts and arches B. coliseums and concrete C. bridges and roads D. bathhouses and fountains
C. bridges and roads
As Constantinople developed, the city became a __________ travelers and traders going between the European and Asian continents. A. province of B. tax free zone for C. crossroads for D. colony of
C. crossroads for
Which event occurred in both the Roman and Han Empires that led to their downfall? A. increased use of slaves B. armed peasant revolts C. invasion by foreign forces D. spread of new religions
C. invasion by foreign forces
The Romans are credited with inventing the __________, which protected animal hooves from the hard stone roads. A. metal stirrup B. metal bit C. iron horseshoe D. leather bridle
C. iron horseshoe
The Byzantine Emperor Justinian I contributed the MOST to which of the following? A. astronomy B. medicine C. law D. navigation
C. law
Which characteristic was shared by both the Roman and Han Empires that led to their decline? A. overspending on the military B. creation of a caste system C. political corruption D. peasant rebellions
C. political corruption
Rome's practice of Christianity contributed MOST to the A. growth of religious diversity within the empire. B. migration of Germanic peoples into the empire. C. rise of the Catholic Church. D. use of democracy to elect new leaders.
C. rise of the Catholic Church.
If you were a member of Clovis's tribe in the year 486 AD, you might have been looking for land to settle and helped invade A. the German empire. B. the Hun empire. C. the Roman empire. D. the West African empire.
C. the Roman empire.
One of the lasting contributions of Rome was its architecture. Which of the following is a modern day example of Roman architecture? A. the Pentagon B. the World Trade Center C. the United States Capitol D. the Empire State Building
C. the United States Capitol
Constantinople's geographic location gave it __________ which allowed the Byzantine Empire to flourish. A. access to trade along the Silk Road B. a strong defensive position C. an advantage in commercial shipping D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Due to the vast expanse of the Roman Empire, it became increasingly difficult for the empire to successfully maintain its __________. A. food supply B. military superiority C. geographic borders D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Various invasions weakened the territorial cohesion of the Roman Empire. Which of the following groups of people invaded the Roman Empire? A. Germanics B. Huns C. Slavs D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which method of transportation was utilized by the people living within the Roman Empire? A. walking B. horseback C. ships D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following is a lasting contribution made by the Romans on modern society? A. The use of arches, vaults and domes in architecture. B. The engineer advancements in constructing roads. C. The establishment of a law based on fairness and common sense. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
With which continent(s) did the Roman Empire interact? A. Asia B. Africa C. Europe D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The national religion Constantine established in the Byzantine Empire eventually developed into __________. A. Roman Catholicism B. Islam C. Paganism D. Eastern Orthodoxy
D. Eastern Orthodoxy
How did Byzantine's emperor, Justinian, influence the development of the Byzantine Empire? A. He stopped icon worship and attacked the church leaders who believed the icons were holy images. B. He established the new capital, Constantinople, and made the new city as magnificent as the old Rome. C. He restored the Byzantine empire after its financial ruin from its previous emperor. D. He expanded the Byzantine empire to its greatest size, which included much of the land around the Mediterranean Sea.
D. He expanded the Byzantine empire to its greatest size, which included much of the land around the Mediterranean Sea.
Why was Emperor Constantine historically significant to the Roman Empire? A. Democratic rule was established in the capital. B. Overland trade routes were expanded. C. Merchants established contact with Islamic civilization. D. Official policies promoted the spread of Christianity.
D. Official policies promoted the spread of Christianity.
Use the information in the list to answer the question. Social Classes in Ancient Rome • Patrician • Plebeian • Slave How were patricians different from other social classes in ancient Rome? A. Patricians came from a different country and belonged to a different culture. B. Patricians were prohibited from becoming citizens. C. Patricians had the poorest living conditions. D. Patricians owned most of the land and held most of the political positions.
D. Patricians owned most of the land and held most of the political positions.
By the second century A.D. the Roman Empire stretched across the land and included over 60 million people. Which of the following people were NOT under Roman rule? A. North Africans B. Egyptians C. Jews D. Persians
D. Persians
Which of these characteristics is NOT true of the Byzantine Empire? A. They were greatly influenced by other societies. B. The emperors were both political leaders and religious leaders. C. They practiced the Eastern Orthodox religion. D. The pope was the head of the church.
D. The pope was the head of the church.
Use the list to answer the question. Primary Causes of the Fall of the Roman Empire • government corruption • unconcerned citizens • ? Which phrase BEST completes this list? A. democratic reforms B. natural disasters C. civil war D. barbarian invasions
D. barbarian invasions
Individuals who threatened Rome and lived near the Germanic borders were commonly referred to as __________. A. peacemakers B. farmers C. slaves D. barbarians
D. barbarians
These roads interconnected many regional towns that today A. observe the Islamic faith. B. are cities where Italian is predominantly spoken. C. remain isolated from other cultures. D. have grown into major commercial centers.
D. have grown into major commercial centers.
Which of the following BEST describes the philosophy of Stoicism, which was popular in the Roman Empire? A. finding happiness through reason B. searching for messages through dead relatives C. the belief in Jesus Christ D. living in a practical way
D. living in a practical way
In A.D. 193, the Roman Empire's territorial cohesion was threatened by __________ who tried to claim control of the empire. A. Roman senators B. provinces C. provincial governors D. military generals
D. military generals
Emperor Theodosius I aided in the development of the Byzantine Empire by declaring in his will that the eastern and western sections of the Roman Empire should be ___________. A. allied by a treaty of friendship B. allied by a treaty of commerce C. ruled by a single person D. separately ruled empires
D. separately ruled empires
Conflicts between which people led to most of the problems between Christians in the Roman Empire and Christians in the Byzantine Empire? A. the Roman emperor and the Byzantine emperor B. the Byzantine emperor and Roman Christians C. the Roman emperor and the Byzantine Christians D. the Byzantine emperor and the Pope
D. the Byzantine emperor and the Pope
Which of the following was important to Constantine as he helped develop the Byzantine Empire? A. the persecution of Christians B.the creation of two types of Christianity C. the establishment of the role of a Pope D. the acceptance of all people who practiced Christianity
D. the acceptance of all people who practiced Christianity
Which of the following is NOT a disagreement that led to the division between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church? A. the authority of the Pope B. procession of the Holy Spirit C. speaking Greek instead of Latin D. the sacking of the Hagia Sophia
D. the sacking of the Hagia Sophia
Which of the following helped to spread Christianity during the Roman Empire? A. There was no language barrier in Rome since only Greek and Latin were spoken. B. Roman roads were excellent and people could move easily from place to place. C. Many of the Roman army units were based in Britain and carried with them ideas about Roman Christianity. D.All of the above
D.All of the above