Immune System
Define the term: Autoimmunity
A condition in which the body produces an immune response against its own tissue constituents
Define the term: Catchment
A group of lymph nodes
Define the term: Antigen
A harmful substance that causes the body to produce antibodies
Define the term: T cells
A type of lymphocytes that plays a key role in cell-mediated immunity
When the immune system is expose to a substance it has been sensitized to leads to an:
Allergic reaction
A disease in which the immune system attacks normal tissue is an:
Autoimmune disease
Define the term: Inguinal nodes
Lymph nodes in the inguinal (groin) region
What is an immune system response that does not target a specific agent?
Nonspecific
The first line of defense in a immune response that might include the skin oils or mucus is called:
Nonspecific immunity
A red, superficial rash of welts is called:
Urticaria
Define the term: Allergic reaction
A hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system where normally harmless substances are treated as they are dangerous. Allergic reactions can be mild or moderate with symptoms that include red and itchy eyes, runny nose, eczema, hives, and asthma attach, or anaphylaxis, which can interfere with breathing and it potentially life-threatening
Define the term: Monocytes
A large, phagocytic-leukocyte that circulates to provide immune protection and constitutes from 3%-8% of white blood cells in humans
Define the term: Inflammatory response
A nonspecific immune response to injury or tissue damage causing movement of white blood cells to an area and resulting in redness, pain, heat, and swelling
Define the term: Thymus gland
A specialized organ of the immune system that secretes the hormone thymosin, which promotes the maturation of T lymphocytes
Define the term: Neutrophils
A type of white blood cell that protects the body from invading microorganisms through phagocytosis
Define the term: Lymphocyte
A white blood cell that participates in the immune system and is primarily responsible for antibody production
An acquired immune system sensitivity to a substance is an:
Allergy
Define the term: Nonspecific immunity
Also called, innate immunity, this is the defense system with which humans are born. It is not targeted at a specific agent but rather provides the first line of defense in an immune response through the skin barrier, through enzymes in tears and skin oil, through mucus which traps bacteria, and through stomach acid
Define the term: Allergen
An antigen that triggers an allergic response
Define the term: Hypersensitivity
An excessive and inappropriate response of the immune system
A very severe allergic reaction involving the release of large amounts of histamine is:
Anaphylaxis
What do you call a deep swelling of the skin from an allergic reaction?
Angioedema
Define the term: Macrophage
Another type of white blood cell that works with lymphocytes in the immune system
Protein molecules that can bind with an antigen to neutralize or kill are called:
Antibodies
A harmful substance that stimulates the immune system is called an:
Antigen
Define the term: Autoimmune diseases
Any diseases characterized by the immune system attacking the body's own tissues
Antibodies are produced mainly by:
B cells
Define the term: Immune system
Component from different body systems that work together to protect the body from disease and disorder
Define the term: Specific immunity
Immune response targets at a specific infectious agent (also called adaptive immunity)
Define the term: Cervical nodes
Lymph nodes in the neck
What is the primary cell type in acquired immunity?
Lymphocyte
Define the term: Memory cells
Lymphocyte that tracks microorganisms encountered by the body
Cell responsible for antibody production are primarily:
Lymphocytes
Define the term: Tonsils
Lymphoid tissue in the pharyngeal region that aids with immune faction in the mouth
What is a cell that engulfs cell debris and foreign matter?
Macrophage
Cells that retain a "record" of a particular antigen for a fast immune response are called:
Memory cells
A large, circulation leukocyte that constitutes from 3%-8% of white blood cells in humans:
Monocytes
Define the term: Mechanical barriers
Natural barriers, like the skin and mucous membranes, that prevent entry to the body by bacteria or other substances
Any cell that engulfs bacteria and other foreign material is called a:
Phagocyte
Cells derived from bone marrow that ingest and digest foreign cells or particles are called:
Phagocyte
Define the term: Antibodies
Plasma protein released by plasma B cells that can bind with an antigen to neutralize or kill it; also called immunoglobulin
Define the term: B cells
Specialized white blood cells involved in antibody-mediated immunity
An immune system response that involves a previous exposure or vaccination is:
Specific
A mechanism that ensures protection against certain types of threatening microorganisms or toxic materials is referred to as:
Specific immunity
Define the term: Adaptive immunity
Synonymous with specific immunity referring to the body's ability to remember, recognize, and respond t certain harmful substances or bacteria
Lymphocytes that migrate to damage areas and attack invading microbes are the:
T cells
Define the term: Peyer's patches
The lymphoid tissue located in the submucosa of the intestines
Define the term: Phagocytosis
The process performed by the phagocyte whereby an invading microorganism is taken into the cell body and digested
Define the term: Phagocyte
White blood cells that digest foreign or dead organisms