Immune System

Define the term: Autoimmunity

A condition in which the body produces an immune response against its own tissue constituents

Define the term: Catchment

A group of lymph nodes

Define the term: Antigen

A harmful substance that causes the body to produce antibodies

Define the term: T cells

A type of lymphocytes that plays a key role in cell-mediated immunity

When the immune system is expose to a substance it has been sensitized to leads to an:

Allergic reaction

A disease in which the immune system attacks normal tissue is an:

Autoimmune disease

Define the term: Inguinal nodes

Lymph nodes in the inguinal (groin) region

What is an immune system response that does not target a specific agent?

Nonspecific

The first line of defense in a immune response that might include the skin oils or mucus is called:

Nonspecific immunity

A red, superficial rash of welts is called:

Urticaria

Define the term: Allergic reaction

A hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system where normally harmless substances are treated as they are dangerous. Allergic reactions can be mild or moderate with symptoms that include red and itchy eyes, runny nose, eczema, hives, and asthma attach, or anaphylaxis, which can interfere with breathing and it potentially life-threatening

Define the term: Monocytes

A large, phagocytic-leukocyte that circulates to provide immune protection and constitutes from 3%-8% of white blood cells in humans

Define the term: Inflammatory response

A nonspecific immune response to injury or tissue damage causing movement of white blood cells to an area and resulting in redness, pain, heat, and swelling

Define the term: Thymus gland

A specialized organ of the immune system that secretes the hormone thymosin, which promotes the maturation of T lymphocytes

Define the term: Neutrophils

A type of white blood cell that protects the body from invading microorganisms through phagocytosis

Define the term: Lymphocyte

A white blood cell that participates in the immune system and is primarily responsible for antibody production

An acquired immune system sensitivity to a substance is an:

Allergy

Define the term: Nonspecific immunity

Also called, innate immunity, this is the defense system with which humans are born. It is not targeted at a specific agent but rather provides the first line of defense in an immune response through the skin barrier, through enzymes in tears and skin oil, through mucus which traps bacteria, and through stomach acid

Define the term: Allergen

An antigen that triggers an allergic response

Define the term: Hypersensitivity

An excessive and inappropriate response of the immune system

A very severe allergic reaction involving the release of large amounts of histamine is:

Anaphylaxis

What do you call a deep swelling of the skin from an allergic reaction?

Angioedema

Define the term: Macrophage

Another type of white blood cell that works with lymphocytes in the immune system

Protein molecules that can bind with an antigen to neutralize or kill are called:

Antibodies

A harmful substance that stimulates the immune system is called an:

Antigen

Define the term: Autoimmune diseases

Any diseases characterized by the immune system attacking the body's own tissues

Antibodies are produced mainly by:

B cells

Define the term: Immune system

Component from different body systems that work together to protect the body from disease and disorder

Define the term: Specific immunity

Immune response targets at a specific infectious agent (also called adaptive immunity)

Define the term: Cervical nodes

Lymph nodes in the neck

What is the primary cell type in acquired immunity?

Lymphocyte

Define the term: Memory cells

Lymphocyte that tracks microorganisms encountered by the body

Cell responsible for antibody production are primarily:

Lymphocytes

Define the term: Tonsils

Lymphoid tissue in the pharyngeal region that aids with immune faction in the mouth

What is a cell that engulfs cell debris and foreign matter?

Macrophage

Cells that retain a "record" of a particular antigen for a fast immune response are called:

Memory cells

A large, circulation leukocyte that constitutes from 3%-8% of white blood cells in humans:

Monocytes

Define the term: Mechanical barriers

Natural barriers, like the skin and mucous membranes, that prevent entry to the body by bacteria or other substances

Any cell that engulfs bacteria and other foreign material is called a:

Phagocyte

Cells derived from bone marrow that ingest and digest foreign cells or particles are called:

Phagocyte

Define the term: Antibodies

Plasma protein released by plasma B cells that can bind with an antigen to neutralize or kill it; also called immunoglobulin

Define the term: B cells

Specialized white blood cells involved in antibody-mediated immunity

An immune system response that involves a previous exposure or vaccination is:

Specific

A mechanism that ensures protection against certain types of threatening microorganisms or toxic materials is referred to as:

Specific immunity

Define the term: Adaptive immunity

Synonymous with specific immunity referring to the body's ability to remember, recognize, and respond t certain harmful substances or bacteria

Lymphocytes that migrate to damage areas and attack invading microbes are the:

T cells

Define the term: Peyer's patches

The lymphoid tissue located in the submucosa of the intestines

Define the term: Phagocytosis

The process performed by the phagocyte whereby an invading microorganism is taken into the cell body and digested

Define the term: Phagocyte

White blood cells that digest foreign or dead organisms