Immunology

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Which of the following types of molecules is most likely to be antigenic/immunogenic

Protein

Which one of thee following are normal genes that induce DNA synthesis, promote cell division and inhibit cell death

Proto-oncogenes

The primary purpose of neutrophil granules is to

Provide microbicial action

What has happened in an antibody titer if tubes #5-7 show a stronger reaction that tubes #1-4

Prozone reaction

Which of the following abnormal white blood cells is most commonly found in a peripheral smear of a pt with infectious mononucleosis

Reactive lymphocytes

Which one of the following statements of FALSE

Secretory cells of the innate system are antigen specific

VCA, EBNA, VCA/IgM, EA

correct sequence

What part of an immunoglobulin molecule exists as kappa or lambda chains

Light chains

Nephelometry and turbidimetry measure different properties of

Light transmission and scatter by particles in suspension

Which of the following is responsible for causing transfusion associated g vs h disease

Lymphocytes

Antigen processing is primarily accomplished by what type of cells

Macrophages

Examples of cytokines originating from activated T-cells include

IL-2,IL-3

In an autoimmune disorder, conditions influencing the development of a disorder include the following factors with the exception of

Increased discrimination of self from non-self antigens

A cause of FALSE-POSITIVE result in the rapid plasma reagin RPR test for syphilis

Infectious mononucleosis

Which branch of the immune system has an immediate response on first exposure to a foreign antigenic stimulus

Innate

Skin and mucous membranes are important components of what part of the immune system

Innate immunity

The vast majority of would-be invaders are killed or inactivated primarily by which part of the immune system

Innate immunity

All of the following are true about hybridization in PCR procedures EXCEPT:

Hybribization cannot happen between a strand of DNA and a strand of RNA

Which of the following is correct regarding CRP

Is usually elevated in pediatric bacterial infections

T lymph are characterized by all of the following functions EXCEPT which

synthesize antibody

The VDRL and RPR are used to provide presumptive ID of which infection

syphilis

The characteristics of an acute phase protein include the following EXCEPT

Acute phase proteins are synthesized slowly in response to tissue injury

Components of the second line of defense in the human body are

Phagocytic cells; complement

What is another name used to designate a fully committed B-lymphocyte

Plasma Cell

When should acute and convalescent blood specimens be collected from a patient for the detection of antibody concentration related to a specific infectious disease

2 weeks apart

Which of the following kappa/ lambda ratios are found in normal B cells?

2:1

W/in what period of time after performance of the TST should the result be read

48-72 hours

Which of the following statements is true regarding anti-nuclear antibodies

95% of pt with SLE will test positive for ANAs

Which two of the following tests are helpful for documenting previous strep. throat and skin infections

ASO titer & anti-DNase B

In an standard electrophoretic separation what zone appears first on the densitometric pattern

Albumin

Which of the following is used to determine if a person has had a recent infection with Strep. pyogenes

Antistrptolysin O

Which of the following leukocytes is most directly associated with antibody production?

B cells

Which of the following is responsible for the humoral immune response

B lymphocytes

Which complement component is found in both the classical and alternative pathways?

C3

Which of the following is the "activation unit" in the classical complement pathway?

C4 C2 C3

The tumor marker associated with ovarian cancer is

CA-125

Which tumor marker is used for colorectal cancer?

CEA

Which of the following lab tests is used as an indicator of inflammation

CRP

Which one of the following statements concerning phagocytosis is FALSE?

Cells are only capable of phagocytizing bacteria

Avidity is best described by which of the following statements

the strength with which multivalent antigens and antibodies bind

Which of the following microscopic technique is best suited for direct examination of the infectious agent of syphilis

Dark-field microscopy

Which of the following is associated with an increased susceptibility to infection in AIDS patients

Decreased CD4+ cells

What condition would be suspected in a asymptomatic pt with greater than 20% atypical lymphocytes on their peripheral blood smear?

EBV

Which of the following serological tests would be used for the diagnosis of Q-fever

EIA or indirect immunoflourescence

corneal tissue transplantation has an extremely high success rate for a variety of reasons, including all of the following with the exception of

Eccentrically place grafts

Which of the following is a confirmatory test for syphilis

FTA-ABS

Concerning antigen-antibody reactions, the prozone effect causes which of the following results

False negative

The properties of an antibody class are defined by the

Fc end of the molecule

Diseases associated with a dysfunction of polymorphonuclear neutrophils include all of the following with the exception of

Gaucher's disease

Which method remains the gold standard for ANA detection

IFA Slide-based immunofluorescent

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is most reliably diagnosed by which lab technique

IFA testing

The antigen marker most closely associated with transmission of HBV infections is

HBeAg

What sero-marker is the first marker to become positive in Hep B and is associated with infective stage

HBs antigen

A kidney graft would have the BEST chance of survival post-transplantation if it were

HLA identical, mixed lymphocyte culture (-), ABO identical

All of the listed disorders are organ non-specific autoimmune diseases EXCEPT

Hashimoto's disease

What section of an immunoglobulin molecule is responsible for the differences b/w immunoglobulin classes?

Heavy chains

All of the following diseases are associated with autoantibodies EXCEPT

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Which antibody is best described with that characteristic that it is the only one capable of residing in mucosal linings

IgA

The antibody mediator associated with a Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction is

IgE

Which immunoglobulin is associated with anaphylactic shock

IgE

Which of the following immunoglobulin classes is chiefly responsible for the degranulation of mast cells and basophils

IgE

Which of the following antibody types is the predominant serum antibody seen in the secondary immune response

IgG

Which of the following immunoglobulins are capable of fixing complement by the classical pathway?

IgG and IgM

Which of the following antibody types is chiefly seen in the primary immune response

IgM

All of the following conditions are associated with poly increase in gamma globulins except?

Immunodeficiency

CD5 antigen is normally found on which of the following lymphocyte populations

Mature T cells

Tumor markers are especially valuable when used to

Monitor response to cancer therapy

Which of the following types of lymphocytes express CD4

Only T-helper cells

Phagoctosis by cells of the monounuclear phagocytic system is greatly enhanced by which of the following?

Opsonins chemical substance that binds to antigens and increases the rate and quality of action by phagocytes

Two biologically functional characteristics of immunoglobulin G are

Opsonization of antigens for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils; neonatal immunity by transfer of maternal antibodies across the placenta and gut of the fetus

How does the lab immunologic assessment of Waldenstroms Primary Macroglobulinemia differ from other monoclonal gammopathies

Overproduction of IgM antibodies

Patients with antibody to the following antigen are immune to Hep. B

Surface antigen

Which T lymph expresses the CD8+ expresses the CD8+ marker and acts specifically to kill tumor or virally-infected cells

T cytotoxic

Contact dermatitis is mediated by

T lymphocytes

Koch's postulates include all of the following EXCEPT for which statement

The isolated organism when injected into a human host will produce the disease

All of the following are associated with immediate hypersensitivity EXCEPT

Tuberculin reaction

Following the treatment of an IgG molecule with papain, which of the following will remain?

Two Fab fragments each with a light chain and a partial heavy chain attached with a disulfide bond

Flow cytometry is a useful tool in the study all of the following disorders EXCEPT

Viral hepatitis

A hapten can best be described as

a nonimmunogenic material capable of stimulating an immune response only when bound to a carrier protein

A cytokines can be describe as

a soluble protein that regulates the immune response

What can be done to make a hapten behave like an antigen

bind to protein

Which of the following choices best describes the primary functions of antibodies

binds with antigen

Estrogen and progesterone receptors used as tumor markers are most commonly employed to provide prognostic information about

breast cancer

Which of the following conditions is associated with the EBV

burkitts lymphoma

Which of the following statements about hep C virus is true?

develop antibodies and develop chronic infection and active liver disease

Which of the following statements about endocytosis is incorrect

endocytosis is the process by which phagosomes expel the macromolecules inside

In what trimester is there the greatest risk for the manifestation of complications in maternal rubella infection

first trimester

The classic TORCH panel of tests includes the following diseases with the excpetion of

infectious monoucleosis

Which is best describes the relation of nephelometry to turbidimetry

nep-light scattered by particles in solution turb- decrease in incidnet-light intensity

according to the HIV testing algorithm from the CDC, all are true EXCEPT

nonreactive screening test to either HIV-1 or @ confirmation that a pt does not have HIV

spleen

produces macrophages whose Fc receptors recognize and destroy these antibody- coated platelets


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