india

How many branches of government does India have?

3

Why did the British begin to rule India directly?

British government crushed the rebellion and took control of India away from the East India COmpany

What was the East India Company?

British trading Company that traded spices, teas, raw materials, etc.

_____________________ is based upon the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama.

Buddhism

Gandhi's cremated ashes were returned to the ________________

Ganges

What is the tallest point in India?

Kangchenjunga

When new countries were created, what problem occurred?

Land conflicts

How did he respond?

Led peaceful protests and spent 21 years helping the Indian community

Gandhi attended Law school in

London

Gandhi was so _____________ to the British Empire, he served as a stretcher-bearer in the Zulu uprising in South Africa

Loyal

To rebel against the tax on salt, Gandhi led his _______________ to the Arabian Sea to make ___________

March Salt

What 2 modern day leaders were inspired by Mahatma Gandhi?

Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela

Who are the untouchables?

Member of a social class considered spiritualy and physically unclean

What 2 religious groups were in conflict before and following independence?

Muslims and Hindus

Where did Gandhi work after law school?

Natal, S Africa

What was the relationship between the British and the Mughals?

You need to look this up

What is the Kumbh Mela?

a pilgrimmage Hindus take every 3 years

Define colony

a territory inhabited and controlled by people from a foreign land

Define caste system

an Indian class structure that is determined by birth or occupation

Who were the untouchables?

class of Indians segregated from the rest of society

Gandhi encouraged Indians to spin their own ____________ every day for one hour. This "homespun campaign" was to protest the British cotton industry.

cloth

What did Gandhi decide was the only solution to end foreign rule? List 5 examples

complete independence -rejecting western clothing -salt march -boycotting foreign made goods -21 day fast - quit India movement

How did the British partition their empire?

divided it into India and Pakistan

Gandhi was influenced by his Mother's ________________ as a child in Porbandar during monsoon season.

fasting

India became a _________- __________ and has a ______________ system.

federal republic parliamentary

What does Mahatma mean?

great soul

What united the Indian people over the past 2 centuries?

hatred of British rule during colonialism

Gandhi demanded immediate _______________________ in August 1942

independence

Thousands of Indians, including Gandhi, weres ____________

jailed

Under British rule, what role did most Indians play?

landless farmers

What was Gandhi's strategy during the 1920s and 1930s?

non-violent protest

In Johannesburg, South Africa, Gandhi discovered the method of _____________- _________________

non-violent resistance

Define secular

not pertaining to or connected with religion

How did Gandhi react to British rule?

organizing strikes drawing up petitions cleaning up Indian villages

What leader has the most power?

prime minister

List 3 things Gandhi was protesting

racial discrimination -unfair taxation - colonial rule

what did Gandhi experience is S Africa?

racism

List 3 ways the empire modernized its eastern territories

railroads -telegraphs -industry

Following WW II, Britain no longer had the __________________- to maintain an overseas colony

resources

How do people reach Nirvana?

rise above desires and goods

What is the currency of India ?

rupee

Why does Khade, the entrepreneur., leave his last name off of his business card?

so it doesn't reveal that he's a Dalit

What does Hinduism teach?

souls are reincarnated, or reborn, many times before they join braham

What is not one of the national animals of India?

spider monkey

What is Nirvana?

state of perfect peace in which suffering and reincarnation end

Define empire

state that accumulates land beyond its own borders

What was the goal of the Indian Independence Movement?

struggle from freedom from the British empire

Who is chief of state?

the president

Over time, how did the British public begin to view imperialism?

they grew less comfortable

What was the goal of the Indian National Congress?

to gain more rights and opportunities

True or false? The British government has controlled parts of every continent

true

Why did a group of Indians create the Indian National Congress?

upset by their position as second class citizens

How did the East India COmpany control India?

with the help of an army made up of mostly Indian troops commanded by the British

When did India establish its own consititution?

1950

Describe the 4 main groups of the caste system

- Brahmans-priestly class that studied holy texts and observed rituals - warrior class-- protecting Brahmans country rulers - merchants, artisians, farmers - outcasts

Babur and Akbar were great rulers in the ________ Empire. This empire grew rich from _____________. Akbar had a policy of __________ ____________, or acceptance. One of India's most spectacular buildings, the ______ __________ was built during this empire

- Mughal -trade -religious tolerance -Taj Mahal

To avoid a _____________, the British government agreed to the ________, or division, of India. In 1947, two independent countries were formed. India was mostly _______________ and Pakistan was mostly _____________________.

- civil war -partition -Hindu - Muslim

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said __________________ gave me the message. _____________ gave me the method

-Christ -Gandhi

Great Britain agreed to grant India it's independence. But, tensions between _________________ caused a crisis. _______________ wanted a separate nation.

-Hindu and muslim communities -Indian Muslims

After the Harrapan civilization, the Aryan rose to power. What language did they introduce to Indian culture?___________-What modern language is related to this language?_______________Their religious beliefs and customs mixed forming the beginnings of India's ____________________and ______________________

-Sanskrit -Hindi -Social system -Hindu religion

As more and more Indians became dissatisfied with British rule, they began to demand __________________. Who was the most important leader in this movement?

-independence -Mahatma Gandhi

A massive wave of __________________________ took place after the partition of India and Pakistan. Millions of Hindus and Muslims crowded onto trains that would take them to their ______________________________

-migration - new homelands in India and Pakistan

What does a country gain when it acquires new territories?

-natural resources - new markets - new population to tax -new spots to build military bases - establish colonies

On January 30, 1948j, Gandhi was _________ 3 times on his way to a prayer meeting. As he was dying, Gandhi murmured the Indian word for _____________

-shot -God

What Hindu values did Gandhi apply to his actions?

-vegetarianism -non-violence -fasting for spiritual purification - tolerance for people that are different

gandhi---describe the following- 1. peaceful protest 2. Oppression- 3. Satyagraha

1-without being violent 2- racial discrimination 3- use of non-violent protest to fight oppression

The British promised these 2 changes after Gandhi's time in jail.

1. repeal some taxes 2. more rights and wages

What percentage of the world's people live in India?

18%

When did the British government take direct control of India?

1858

What % of Indians are vegetarians?

40%

What % of the world's spices come from India?

75%

Define republic

A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives

In the town of ______________________, Indians were massacred because they attended a mass gathering which had been made illegal days earlier by the Rowlatt Act

Amristar

What emperor helped spread Buddhism in India?

Ashoka

When did India gain its independence?

August 15, 1947

List some of the world's greatest democracies that emerged from the British empire

Canada, Australia, India, Ireland, S Africa

In Gandhi's "quit India" speech he said Do or _______: meaning we shall either free India or die in the attempt

Die

What company took control of northeastern India?

East India trading company

As the Mughal Empire declined, what country rose to power?

England

Of the 22 official languages spoken in India, which two are most prevalent?

English and Hindi

What is the old saying in India?

Everyone's in a hurry but no one is on time

What do Hindus believe?

Everything in the universe is part of a single spirit called braham

_______________ is one of the world's oldest religions.

Hinduism

Conflict and hatred bubbled over between _____________ and ______________

Hindus Muslims

To stop fighting between Hindus and Muslims, Gandhi engaged in a

Hunger strike

On August 14, 1947, Indians celebrated the beginning of their ________________

Independence

India is the larges country on the -------------------

Indian subcontinent

What was the "Quit India" movement?

Indians refused to support the British effort

In this region, where was the first urban civilization located?

Indus river valley

What area of India is considered the most fertile

Indus-Ganga plain

_____________________ brought mass migrations of __________fleeing to India and Muslims escaping to ______________

Partitions Hindus Pakistan

Describe the Salt March

Protest a british tax on salt (400 miles)

Gandhi's term ___________________, means the pursuit of truth through non-violence

Satyagraha

Gandhi took a job offer in __________ _________ and experienced ____________.

South Africa, discrimination

How did things change for the Dalits in the 1990s?

The government began to relax the tight control

True or false? The British Empire was the largest empire in history

True

True or false? Untouchables can be a part of India's government today.

True

What group established a powerful kingdom at Delhi?

Turkish muslims

What 2 events weakened the British hold on its territories?

WW II