india
How many branches of government does India have?
3
Why did the British begin to rule India directly?
British government crushed the rebellion and took control of India away from the East India COmpany
What was the East India Company?
British trading Company that traded spices, teas, raw materials, etc.
_____________________ is based upon the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama.
Buddhism
Gandhi's cremated ashes were returned to the ________________
Ganges
What is the tallest point in India?
Kangchenjunga
When new countries were created, what problem occurred?
Land conflicts
How did he respond?
Led peaceful protests and spent 21 years helping the Indian community
Gandhi attended Law school in
London
Gandhi was so _____________ to the British Empire, he served as a stretcher-bearer in the Zulu uprising in South Africa
Loyal
To rebel against the tax on salt, Gandhi led his _______________ to the Arabian Sea to make ___________
March Salt
What 2 modern day leaders were inspired by Mahatma Gandhi?
Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela
Who are the untouchables?
Member of a social class considered spiritualy and physically unclean
What 2 religious groups were in conflict before and following independence?
Muslims and Hindus
Where did Gandhi work after law school?
Natal, S Africa
What was the relationship between the British and the Mughals?
You need to look this up
What is the Kumbh Mela?
a pilgrimmage Hindus take every 3 years
Define colony
a territory inhabited and controlled by people from a foreign land
Define caste system
an Indian class structure that is determined by birth or occupation
Who were the untouchables?
class of Indians segregated from the rest of society
Gandhi encouraged Indians to spin their own ____________ every day for one hour. This "homespun campaign" was to protest the British cotton industry.
cloth
What did Gandhi decide was the only solution to end foreign rule? List 5 examples
complete independence -rejecting western clothing -salt march -boycotting foreign made goods -21 day fast - quit India movement
How did the British partition their empire?
divided it into India and Pakistan
Gandhi was influenced by his Mother's ________________ as a child in Porbandar during monsoon season.
fasting
India became a _________- __________ and has a ______________ system.
federal republic parliamentary
What does Mahatma mean?
great soul
What united the Indian people over the past 2 centuries?
hatred of British rule during colonialism
Gandhi demanded immediate _______________________ in August 1942
independence
Thousands of Indians, including Gandhi, weres ____________
jailed
Under British rule, what role did most Indians play?
landless farmers
What was Gandhi's strategy during the 1920s and 1930s?
non-violent protest
In Johannesburg, South Africa, Gandhi discovered the method of _____________- _________________
non-violent resistance
Define secular
not pertaining to or connected with religion
How did Gandhi react to British rule?
organizing strikes drawing up petitions cleaning up Indian villages
What leader has the most power?
prime minister
List 3 things Gandhi was protesting
racial discrimination -unfair taxation - colonial rule
what did Gandhi experience is S Africa?
racism
List 3 ways the empire modernized its eastern territories
railroads -telegraphs -industry
Following WW II, Britain no longer had the __________________- to maintain an overseas colony
resources
How do people reach Nirvana?
rise above desires and goods
What is the currency of India ?
rupee
Why does Khade, the entrepreneur., leave his last name off of his business card?
so it doesn't reveal that he's a Dalit
What does Hinduism teach?
souls are reincarnated, or reborn, many times before they join braham
What is not one of the national animals of India?
spider monkey
What is Nirvana?
state of perfect peace in which suffering and reincarnation end
Define empire
state that accumulates land beyond its own borders
What was the goal of the Indian Independence Movement?
struggle from freedom from the British empire
Who is chief of state?
the president
Over time, how did the British public begin to view imperialism?
they grew less comfortable
What was the goal of the Indian National Congress?
to gain more rights and opportunities
True or false? The British government has controlled parts of every continent
true
Why did a group of Indians create the Indian National Congress?
upset by their position as second class citizens
How did the East India COmpany control India?
with the help of an army made up of mostly Indian troops commanded by the British
When did India establish its own consititution?
1950
Describe the 4 main groups of the caste system
- Brahmans-priestly class that studied holy texts and observed rituals - warrior class-- protecting Brahmans country rulers - merchants, artisians, farmers - outcasts
Babur and Akbar were great rulers in the ________ Empire. This empire grew rich from _____________. Akbar had a policy of __________ ____________, or acceptance. One of India's most spectacular buildings, the ______ __________ was built during this empire
- Mughal -trade -religious tolerance -Taj Mahal
To avoid a _____________, the British government agreed to the ________, or division, of India. In 1947, two independent countries were formed. India was mostly _______________ and Pakistan was mostly _____________________.
- civil war -partition -Hindu - Muslim
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said __________________ gave me the message. _____________ gave me the method
-Christ -Gandhi
Great Britain agreed to grant India it's independence. But, tensions between _________________ caused a crisis. _______________ wanted a separate nation.
-Hindu and muslim communities -Indian Muslims
After the Harrapan civilization, the Aryan rose to power. What language did they introduce to Indian culture?___________-What modern language is related to this language?_______________Their religious beliefs and customs mixed forming the beginnings of India's ____________________and ______________________
-Sanskrit -Hindi -Social system -Hindu religion
As more and more Indians became dissatisfied with British rule, they began to demand __________________. Who was the most important leader in this movement?
-independence -Mahatma Gandhi
A massive wave of __________________________ took place after the partition of India and Pakistan. Millions of Hindus and Muslims crowded onto trains that would take them to their ______________________________
-migration - new homelands in India and Pakistan
What does a country gain when it acquires new territories?
-natural resources - new markets - new population to tax -new spots to build military bases - establish colonies
On January 30, 1948j, Gandhi was _________ 3 times on his way to a prayer meeting. As he was dying, Gandhi murmured the Indian word for _____________
-shot -God
What Hindu values did Gandhi apply to his actions?
-vegetarianism -non-violence -fasting for spiritual purification - tolerance for people that are different
gandhi---describe the following- 1. peaceful protest 2. Oppression- 3. Satyagraha
1-without being violent 2- racial discrimination 3- use of non-violent protest to fight oppression
The British promised these 2 changes after Gandhi's time in jail.
1. repeal some taxes 2. more rights and wages
What percentage of the world's people live in India?
18%
When did the British government take direct control of India?
1858
What % of Indians are vegetarians?
40%
What % of the world's spices come from India?
75%
Define republic
A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives
In the town of ______________________, Indians were massacred because they attended a mass gathering which had been made illegal days earlier by the Rowlatt Act
Amristar
What emperor helped spread Buddhism in India?
Ashoka
When did India gain its independence?
August 15, 1947
List some of the world's greatest democracies that emerged from the British empire
Canada, Australia, India, Ireland, S Africa
In Gandhi's "quit India" speech he said Do or _______: meaning we shall either free India or die in the attempt
Die
What company took control of northeastern India?
East India trading company
As the Mughal Empire declined, what country rose to power?
England
Of the 22 official languages spoken in India, which two are most prevalent?
English and Hindi
What is the old saying in India?
Everyone's in a hurry but no one is on time
What do Hindus believe?
Everything in the universe is part of a single spirit called braham
_______________ is one of the world's oldest religions.
Hinduism
Conflict and hatred bubbled over between _____________ and ______________
Hindus Muslims
To stop fighting between Hindus and Muslims, Gandhi engaged in a
Hunger strike
On August 14, 1947, Indians celebrated the beginning of their ________________
Independence
India is the larges country on the -------------------
Indian subcontinent
What was the "Quit India" movement?
Indians refused to support the British effort
In this region, where was the first urban civilization located?
Indus river valley
What area of India is considered the most fertile
Indus-Ganga plain
_____________________ brought mass migrations of __________fleeing to India and Muslims escaping to ______________
Partitions Hindus Pakistan
Describe the Salt March
Protest a british tax on salt (400 miles)
Gandhi's term ___________________, means the pursuit of truth through non-violence
Satyagraha
Gandhi took a job offer in __________ _________ and experienced ____________.
South Africa, discrimination
How did things change for the Dalits in the 1990s?
The government began to relax the tight control
True or false? The British Empire was the largest empire in history
True
True or false? Untouchables can be a part of India's government today.
True
What group established a powerful kingdom at Delhi?
Turkish muslims
What 2 events weakened the British hold on its territories?
WW II