Indian Independence vocab

non-violence

peaceful resistance to a government by fasting or refusing to cooperate the use of peaceful means, not force, to bring about political or social change.

Jewel in the Crown

the British colony of India--- so called because of its importance in the British empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods Name given to India, because it was the most valuable of all British colonies

Civil Disobedience

the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest.

Boycott

A group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies. A refusal to buy or use goods and services.

Indian National Congress

A movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. Its membership was middle class, and its demands were modest until World War I. Led after 1920 by Mohandas K. Gandhi, appealing to the poor. group formed by Hindu nationalist leaders of India in the late 1800's to gain greater democracy and eventual self-rule Indian nationalist group formed to work for rights and power for Indians under British rule.

Nationalist

A person who advocates political independence for a country A member of a political group advocating or fighting for national independence, a strong national government, etc.

Mohandas Gandhi

A philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience and boycotts to generate social and political change.

Indira Gandhi

Daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister. She was also prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977.

Partition of India

India was separated into 2 countries Pakistan for Muslims and India for Hindus. This led to the movement of millions of people in South Asia after India got its independence from Britian.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. A lawyer by training, he joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As leader of the League from the 1920s on, he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights

Jawaharlal Nehru

Indian statesman. He succeeded Mohandas K. Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress. He negotiated the end of British colonial rule in India and became India's first prime minister (1947-1964).

Pakistan

The Partition of India of 1947 was the division of British India into two independentdominion states, India and Pakistan. Pakistan became a Muslim country, and India became a majority Hindu but secular country. The two self-governing countries of India and Pakistan legally came into existence at midnight on 15 August 1947.

Amritsar Massacre

To protest the Rowlatt Act, Indians gathered in Amritsar, where British troops fired on the crowd killing several hundred. This sparked further protests

Muslim League

an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations organization formed by muslims in 1906 to protect their interests against British Rule.

Salt March

passive resistance campaign of Mohandas Gandhi where many Indians protested the British tax on salt by marching 240 miles to the sea to make their own salt.