informatics final
Which of the following would the FDA consider a Class ll medical device? (SATA)
-A device of medium safety risk -A powered wheelchair
In a set of consistently coded clinical data, the data should be analyzed using descriptive statistics and visualization with respect to the following: (SATA)
-Distribution -Sparsity -Identifiers -Outliers
Stage 3 of Meaningful Use includes which of the following? (SATA)
-Instituting computerized provider order entry -Providing education resources identified by CERHT to patients -Using computerized provider order entry for a majority of medication orders
Why is health IT governance needed? (SATA)
-It ensures the alignment of informatics resources with institutional priorities -It effectively prioritizes the use of informatics resources -It optimizes the return on investment on informatics investment
Which languages does the nursing profession consider national and international "data standards" that they wish to cross-map their own terminologies to? (SATA)
-LOINC -SNOMED CT
What are some examples of indirect costs to organizations that have security breaches? (SATA)
-Lost productivity -Damaged public trust -Remediation costs
Which activities represent dimensions of the National Health Service's Informatics Capability Maturity Model? (SATA)
-Managing information -Using business intelligence -Aligning business and informatics
Which factors represent internal and external forces that require effective informatics governance? (Select all that apply.)
-Meaningful Use and healthcare reform -Increasing demand for decision support and analytics -Greater expectations for information access and transparency
Which examples of essential information technology physical hardware infrastructure could cause a downtime if they fail? (SATA)
-Network cabling -Network switches or hubs -Server
Which items were mentioned in the Institute of Medicine's Future of Nursing report? (Select All That Apply)
-Nurses should be involved in shaping health IT. -Lack of integration of EHRs is a barrier.
Which components are necessary for effective health IT governance? (SATA)
-Organizational structures responsible for clearly defining institutional priorities -Organizational structures responsible for ensuring that informatics efforts are aligned with institutional priorities and optimally utilized -Accompanying processes to operationalize the governance
The Stark Law considers which of the following Designated Health Services? (SATA)
-Physical therapy services -Home health services -Prosthetic devices and supplies
Which phases listed are included in simulation? (Select All That Apply)
-Preparation -Simulation -Facilitation -Debriefing and feedback -Evaluation
Which of the following are categories of measurements that MACRA will use with the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS)? SATA
-Quality -Resource use -Clinical improvement -Recidivism NOT -EHR use
A 2016 report found which of the following about Regional Extension Centers? (SATA)
-REC participation was positively associated with EHR adoption among primary care physicians working in small practices. -RECs provided needed technical assistance for physicians who were ineligible to receive assistance from health systems in their local area. -The REC program likely helped many physicians who were more skeptical about EHRs
From a legal perspective, which is the following serves as contractually binding statements made by a vendor? (SATA)
-RFP material incorporated-into the license agreement -The license agreement
Which terminology contains nursing languages? (SATA)
-SNOMED -Omaha System -NANDA
Which items are included in the IOM six aims for improvement? (SATA)
-Safe -Patient-centered -Effective
Which groups are relevant stakeholders for health IT governance? (SATA)
-Specialists refining clinical processes -Institutions working on payment reform and personalized medicine -Health services researchers -Actual healthcare providers -Senior organizational leadership
Which agencies can accredit hospitals for participation in Medicare and Medicaid programs? (SATA)
-The Joint Commission -Det Norske Veritas
To automatically track the quality of care, standardized quality measures are needed in order to: (SATA)
-Use consistent metrics -Benchmark -Standardize data collection
Which of the following data characteristics are important in understanding big data in healthcare? (SATA)
-Variety -Velocity -Volume
Well-defined health ITY policies are necessary to ensure that: (SATA)
-confidentiality of protected health information is safeguarded -data capture is being automated -clinical decision support is adopted
The IOM report, HIT and Patient Safety: Building Safer Systems for Better Care, documented that safe use of health IT relies on: (SATA)
-the interplay of people, process, and technology -vendors, users, and government -clinicians and patients
In the most recent study by the IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics, approximately what percent of the healthcare apps tested included an ability to link the mobile device to a sensor or other healthcare device?
10%
When did formalize home health and community-based systems originated in the United States?
1800s
The first use of telehealth was documented in:
1897
The first book to include the term nursing informatics in the title was written in the:
1980s
In which year will (or did) MU incentives for providers transform to merit-based reimbursement under MACRA?
2018
A patient needs to receive 1000 mL of normal saline over 4 hours. You are setting a pump to run it. How many mL/hour will you set the pump?
250
Dr. James, in studying patient safety in U.S. hospitals, found that the number of preventable adverse events loading to serious harm fell in the approximate range of ___ to ___ cases per year
4.4 million, 8.8 million
John T. James's recent study, published in 2013, found how many premature deaths associated with preventable harm to patients in the United States every year?
400,000
Nielsen coined the term "Discount Usability Testing" to indicate the design of tests that conserve resources, including funding and time. One example is a reduced number of users who need to participate. He indicates that as few as how many users can find 80% of design issues?
5
A 16-year-old male weighs 187 points. Because he is considered still a minor child, he is to receive a pediatric dosage. What is his weight in kg
85
The eight-stage EMR model requires which of the following to have been implementing by the end of Stage 3? (Select all that apply)
A basic CDS system A PACS available outside Radiology Closed-loop medication administration A full radiology-picture archiving and communication system Major ancillary systems including laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy
You want to make sure you consider crucial components as you design your first usability study. One of these components is to consider users and their characteristics. Other components are:
A developmental timeline, tasks, information, product, and context.
Immunization information systems are used to record at least some of the immunizations for about 75% of children in the United States. Which benefits are provided by the use of these systems? (Select all that apply)
A high return on investment The ability to provide consolidation immunization histories to avoid over-or-under-vaccinating The ability to improve vaccinations by integrating data across the country
The supply item master is:
A list of all items available to order in the organization
A vendor master file is
A list of suppliers used by the organization
What defines the "Google generation"?
A person who desires immediate access to information and is internet savvy
An unintended consequence associated with the use of an electronic health system occurs when:
A physician places a medication order on a patient who was incorrectly selected from a drop-down list of the physician's personal patient list.
A healthcare system has implemented a functionally where patients who are overdue or almost due for a mammogram are sent letters notifying them to schedule a mammogram based on available data and current clinical care guidelines. Which type of CDS system is this?
A reminder system
Which of these best describes an example of usability?
A researcher is conducting a study of how nurses interact with electronic documentation to organize care handoffs.
Which example constitutes an internal security event?
A system administrator installed a new server without any security measures
A popular continuing education program that teaches informatics knowledge, skills, and attitudes is:
AMIA 10X10
Which of the following is not a member organization of, but rather a group of organizations?
ANI
UTAUT is a theory of
Acceptance and use of technology
A financial information system includes:
Accounts receivable management, accounts payable management, and fiscal reporting management.
Point-of-care decision support tools contained within a mobile device all rely on:
Accurate algorithms and protocols
The FDA has announced that it will require remarket approval for mHealth apps that:
Act as ECG machines
An organization implements a policy on installing software service packs on all its computers. This is an example of which type of control?
Administrative
Which statement is not part of the Ten Commandments of CDS?
Alerting is the most effective approach to CDS
Which statement concerning educational programs in health informatics is correct?
All health informatics programs are located within health-related departments or schools such as nursing, medicine, or pharmacy.
The discipline of biomedical and health informatics has evolved from the work and papers disseminated by which organization?
American Medical Informatics Association
Competencies for healthcare professionals' practice is identified by the:
American Telemedicine Association
Which is not a major driving force fueling the mHealth movement?
An aging society
Which of the following would be regulated by the FDA?
An app that functions as a medical device
Which description best defines the electronic health record (HER)?
An electronic record of patient health information created by encounters across multiple settings
What is the main idea of the subsection titles "Why informatics in needed in healthcare: an example"
An interoperable healthcare system that provides clear, concise patient data and information among institutions is lacking in many facilities, and its presence would greatly facilitate things such as patient transfers
What is the primary difference between an open and closed system
An open system has a semipermeable boundary and therefore will filter both inputs and outputs when interacting with the environment
Which system is recommended as a method to address patient safety and reduce errors that occur during the actual administration of medicines?
Barcode medication administration (BCMA)
A university hospital wants to implement a closed-loop medication management system. Current systems include registration, computerized provider order entry, electronic medication administration record, laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy. Which system is needed to complete the loop?
Barcoding system
The public health supply chain needs to evolve to an information ecology approach. This would involve:
Being partners with other to receive, reuse, and republish data.
What are the key tenants of the Triple Aim for Health Care? (Select all that apply)
Better care for individuals Better health for populations Reduction of per capita costs
ICD-9 and ICD-10 are examples of which category of terminology?
Billing code
Which is an example of healthcare IT physical infrastructure?
Biomedical devices
As knowledge develops and expands within a discipline, which information source will include the oldest but best organized representation of that knowledge?
Books
Which of the following statements about EHRs is false
By 2014 50% of physicians in the United States had implemented an EHR, with another 13% in the process of implementing one
Which statement is true regarding the continuity of care record (CCR)?
By describing that exact format of the information to be exchanged, it allows for syntactically interoperable records
What technology has been described as the next frontier for home health and related community-based systems?
CDS
Which redundant HER application is critical to avoid disrupting nurses' care of patients during downtime?
CPOE and the MAR (medication administration record)
Standardized terminology is requisite for
Classifying evidence Locating evidence Naming evidence Tagging evidence
Why are expert diagnostic decision support systems not integrated into clinical settings? (Select all that apply)
Clinicians generally must go out of their routine workflows to use the systems, and these systems generally require time-consuming data entry. There are limited financial incentives to use such systems
Which are the three general types of learned behaviors
Cognitive, effective, and psychomotor
The general attitude of consumers toward health information technology is positive. Which items are perceived HER benefits for the consumer? (Select all that apply)
Collaborative interaction between patients and providers Security and privacy personal information Timely access to personal health information Online access to educational materials Customized care through reminders
The specialty of health informatics was developed from nurses, physicians, and others who innovated changes. This specialty finds solutions from using which three areas of science?
Computers Information Health Sciences
Powers granted to both the federal and state governments are known as what?
Concurrent powers
According to the text, which example of the use of mHealth can be facilitated by SMS, the simplest core mobile phone function?
Connecting patients to providers
Which of these best describes participatory medicine?
Cooperative care model
Which functions are characteristic of a master person index?
Coordinate the various identifiers a patient uses, such as a medical record number, insurance account number, and driver's license ID Provide a unique identifier for each patient that is used by components of the EHR to positively identify the patient Store the current and former names of a patient
Internationally, healthcare delivery systems face a number of common challenges, Including
Cost and the need to cut costs and demonstrate value Increasing government regulation to protect patient health, safety, and privacy Dynamic forces like workforce shortages and increased consumerism
You are asked to justify the creation of the first public health informatics (PHI) program in your jurisdiction by emphasizing its actual benefits. One such benefit is that:
Current PHI can enhance public health surveillance such as identifying clusters of diseases.
Distributive education is:
Customized, learner-centered education that uses technology to provide learner experiences where the learner is engaged in the learning activities that may or may not be at a distance
A healthcare provider forgets to update a patient's medications. Which fair information principle is being violated?
Data quality and integrity
Standard terminologies can be used to do all of the following, except:
Decrease system-wide susceptibility to malware and hacking
The first country to implement ICD-10 codes was:
Denmark
Which government organization manages the largest telehealth program in the United States as of this writing?
Department of Veterans Affairs
Which group would have a financial incentive to implement CDS?
Depends on CDS and healthcare payment model
What are the two important purposes of the OASIS dataset?
Determine payment and measure quality and outcomes
The overarching purpose of portfolio management is what
Determining the best mix of resources for scheduling and implementing numerous projects
Which goal applies to the field of nanoinformatics?
Development of a publicly available database of nanoparticle information, nanoparticle structure simulation tools, and data mining techniques for nanoparticle information
One trend that is influencing healthcare reform is:
Disruptive technology
What statement is true regarding distributed education and distributive learning?
Distributive learning can happen in any setting including technology learning resources
The migration of informatics and telehealth toward uHealth means:
Ecosystems of interoperable technologies and services organized to meet global patients needs in a ubiquitous manner.
The goal of the intersection of informatics and evidence-based practice is to transform healthcare to be
Effective Safe Reliable
Which organization works on an international level to improve information privacy?
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)
Which system is an example of a core clinical application?
Electronic health record
Two examples of campus portal systems are:
Ellucian and Jenzabar e-Racer.
Of the following, which of these steps in the CDCs six-step program evaluation framework comes first
Engage stakeholders
The term informatics is derived from: (Select all that apply.)
English Russian French
An important component of the informatics infrastructure is:
Establishment and adoption of standards to support semantic interoperability
Which region introduced ehealth initiatives such as epSOS and SEHGovIA for interoperability?
Europe
The Omaha System consists of components that capture: (Select all that apply)
Evaluation data Assessment data Service delivery/activity data
Knowledge is the point of convergence across the areas of
Evidence-based practice, improvement, and informatics
You are part of a knowledge management team that is interested in improving the user experience for your organization. The team members know you have taken a course in informatics and ask your advice about how to get started with usability in the organization. You recommend:
Examine the support call lists and system change requests.
Which kinds of code can a computer read? (SATA)
Executable and interpretive code
Documentation for support is considered a deliverable at which stage of the project management process?
Execution
As organizations mature over time in their use of data science, they progress from what to what?
Exploratory data analyses; prescriptive analytic
Which is included in an RFP but not an RFI?
Financial considerations
Which examples are natural disasters that could affect IT systems?
Flood, earthquake, hurricane
Your team is working on a mobile health (mHealth) device for diabetics to track their glucose levels, insulin, and preventive care appointments. They have just created the very first prototype, based on their understanding of the requirements. You want to assess, fairly informally, whether the application includes the appropriate content for users (consumers). You plan to ask patients from an ambulatory clinic to participate. The kind of test you would plan is a(n):
Formative test
Why is it difficult to establish effective health IT governance?
Fundamentally, effective governance means that some stakeholders' informatics needs will need to be deprioritized
Which recommendations did the IOM make to address health IT safety concerns and make patient care safer? (SATA)
HHS should fund a new Health IT Safety Council HHS should establish a mechanism for vendors and patients to report health IT-related deaths, serious injuries, or unsafe conditions. -ONC should work with the private sector to make comparative user experiences publicly available
Which is true of both HITECH and MACRA?
HITECH offers incentives to both physicians and hospitals while MACRA is focused on physicians
Which costs should be considered in determining the total cost of information system ownership? (Select all that apply.)
Hardware costs Software costs Resource costs
The emergence of social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram marked the turn toward:
Health 2.0
Which international organization develops and maintains standards for data exchange?
Health Level 7 (HL7)
Which statement concerning educational programs in health informatics is correct?
Health informatics programs range from certificate programs offered at the community college level to post-doctoral programs offered at major research institutions.
Which is an example of apomediation?
Healthcare providers direct patients to high-quality information on the web
NIFTE has suggested guidelines for which content areas related to telehealth? (Select all that apply)
Human resources Organizational readiness Technology and equipment
The Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) project developed competencies based on work completed by:
IOM
The trend of healthcare IT is shifting from what to what?
IT infrastructure being developed in-house to data warehouses developed by vendors and in-house resources
Public Health systems have implemented vocabulary and messaging standards, are used to make public health decisions in a clinical setting, and provide data for public health policy. One of the best examples of a public health system that does all of these is:
Immunizations information systems
Which is a significant challenge to technical infrastructures in healthcare environments?
Implementing a data repository that will be able to handle unanticipated new information and advances in medicine
A method for exchanging patient data among healthcare organizations that is endorsed by the federal government is
Implementing a secure internet connection using components of the eHealth Exchange
Which statement is true?
In the U.S., blacks and Hispanics are three times as likely as whites to rely on their cellphones for access to the internet.
What is the primary reason to back up data entered into electronic health records?
In the event of a system failure, the HER system can be recovered with accurate data.
Financial reporting is a vital part of decision making in healthcare organizations. Which report would be used to show a snapshot of the bottom line?
Income statement or statement of operations
Which of the following is not part of the criteria to determine Meaningful Use?
Increasing litigation victories
In a social network analysis, each node is usually a(n)
Individual or unit of analysis
Which of the following is true of project process groups?
Initiating activities are often undervalued, while execution activities generally take the most time and resources
Which group will test out new technology but are not usually seen as leaders within an Organization
Innovators
Which generic term describes the technology that replaced the traditional chalkboard in classrooms?
Interactive white board
Which computerized application can faculty members use to project materials from a computer, document camera, or the Internet and to create, edit, write, save, and distribute notes and figures?
Interactive whiteboard
Which international organization organizes an international conference on nursing informatics?
International Medical Informatics Association - Nursing Informatics SIG (IMIA-NI)
Which organization created the first set of published standards to guide simulation experiences?
International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning
Which international organization deals with harmonization among standard development organizations in healthcare?
International Standard Organization Technical Committee 215 (ISO/TC 215)
All of the following are among the three biggest mHealth challenges identified by experts in the U.S. except:
Interoperability
The technical hurdle of successfully sharing a patient's data between a hospital in Spokane, Washington, and a specialist on Portland, Oregon, requires:
Interoperability, which requires standards to be in place
Your organization hires you to conduct a formative evaluation of a new informatics intervention. Which areas would you focus on in a formative evaluation?
Intervention fidelity, implementation quality, and types of personnel
The NIC system includes:
Interventions for illness prevention
At which stage of defining requirements are tools for analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat useful?
Interview and observe staff
Which two events led to the expansion of the field of nanotechnology?
Invention of the scanning tunneling microscope and the discovery of fullerenes
Which methods will provide information useful in requirements identification? (Select all that apply)
Inventorying current documents and forms Interviews Direct observation
The university hospital is getting ready to implement computerized provider order entry and some decision support capabilities to include drug-drug and drug-allergy alerts. Which actions should the implementation team take to increase user acceptance of the system? (Select all that apply)
Involve users early in the design, testing, and implementation of the system. Design the new system to support communication and workflow Educate clinicians on how to use the system features Plan for continuous safety monitoring
Open shift management:
Is a form of web-based self-scheduling
The maxim "Doctors know best":
Is the paradigm for a paternalistic care model
Why is CDS important for healthcare instittions? (Select all that apply)
It can help reduce medical errors · It is a required element of Meaningful Use regulations · It can help improve care value
For healthcare infrastructures with many communicating systems, an interface engine is helpful because
It decreases the number of interfaces that must be maintained and lessens complexity
Why is the PSQRD a useful framework for research and practice?
It supports implementation, performance improvement, and rigorous research methodologies
The stages of change identified in diffusion of innovation theory are
Knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation
If the planned single system downtime is less than 1 hour in the middle of a Sunday night, which downtime level should be assigned?
Level 1
If an unplanned total network outage occurs with all system affected during the week at 1300 hours and there is no estimated time to recovery announced, which downtime level should be assigned?
Level 4
The historical roots of information science can be traced to:
Library science
Ethnography requires which of the following:
Living and working within the population if possible Reading historical documents and exploring artifacts in current use Observations and interviews
You decide to interview all the key stakeholders involved in an informatics intervention as part of the planning process. Together you identify the resources available, the likely barriers, and the short-term and long-term objectives. Which kind of theoretical model are you using?
Logic model
Materials management in the healthcare environment involves all of the following EXCEPT:
Logistics management and pipelines.
The "digital divide" refers to:
Lower adoption and use of information technologies among individuals from ethnic minorities, of lower socioeconomic status, and of older age.
The process of knowledge discovery and data mining is best characterized as:
Machine learning, use of statistical methods, and large amounts of data
Legal and regulatory issues directly impacting telehealth practice for healthcare providers include: (Select all that apply)
Malpractice Licensure Credentialing Reimbursement
A health analytics professional must be skilled in all of the following except:
Management and economics
Current research shows the lowest quality, or most limited, evidence for the usefulness of mHealth in:
Managing asthma outcomes
Why have most clinical decision support (CDS) systems not shown to significantly impact patient outcomes in clinical trials, despite the fact that a majority of systems have been shown to significantly improve care processes?
Many CDS system evaluation trials are underpowered to detect changes in care outcomes.
You are asked to perform a heuristic evaluation of the new orders management module of your inpatient system. You discover that the flow of the orders is different than the way providers are taught in school. This is an example of:
Match between system and world
Which foundational science contributes to systematic and logical approaches, processes and procedures for understanding phenomenon and solving problems to the study of informatics?
Mathematics
In a software license, a "response" to a user problem:
May, completely legally, never be forthcoming
Which payer is the largest for home health services?
Medicare
A case manager wants to communicate with her clients on a regular basis by sending short messages that encourage health promotion tips. The tool best suited for this task is:
Microblogging
Public Health could benefit from improved technical architectures in the future. Which of these is not a likely technology architecture for building the future of public health?
Mobile devices such as iPhone
Which issue is a deterrent to global interoperability?
Multiple terminologies used in describing and documenting healthcare
On the vendor's side, which of the following revenue recognition issues may drive or affect key provisions of the agreement? (SATA)
NOT -Insufficient user uptake upon implementation -Conditions on payment -Delivery of software not existing at the time the agreement is signed -Payment milestones -Possible refunds
Which of the following tools will the standardized hospice dataset probably contain? (Select all that apply)
National Data Set for Hospice Family Evaluations of Care Survey of Team Attitudes and Relationships
The chapter makes the argument for increased autonation for such things as managing supplies, because studies have shown that ____
Nurses waste "an hour a shift" finding equipment
The Health Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) developed an EMR adoption model that includes eight stages toward creating a paperless patient record environment. All applications capabilities within each stage must be operational before the next stage can be achieved. Your organization has implemented systems for Stages 1 and 2. Which system should your organization consider as Stage 3 adoption.
Nursing/clinical documentation (flow sheets) and clinical decision support
The Health IT Standards Committee and what body are responsible for recommending standards, such as the necessary infrastructure for health information exchanges?
ONC
The implementation specialist, practice workflow specialist, and health information exchange specialist are informatics roles identified and described by:
ONC's HITECH Workforce Plan.
A portfolio manager does what? (Select all that apply?)
Organizes various projects to focus on, for example, patients, quality outcomes, and financial goals Helps determine which projects should be given priority in terms of resource allocation and availability Is responsible for centralized management of processes, methods, and structures in order to ensure successful flow of multiple disparate projects
Which of the following activities would be considered project management?
Overseeing a team of eight that's working for the next 3 months to create a new billing form
As the Unites States moves toward the implementation of an interoperable HER, which statement about the future "ownership" of the patient record is appropriate?
Ownership may be driven by who has control and access to the data
The Kaiser Permanente PHR mobile app lets users do all of the following EXCEPT:
Participate in telemedicine
Assigning individual records or rows in a dataset for specific purposes (eg, model development, model validation) is a process known as:
Partitioning
Which of the following is true?
Patent protection applies to interventions
Return on investment (ROI) in financial information systems (FISs) is challenging because:
Patient accounting is considered an intangible asset
Which group is allowed to share personal health information on social media sites?
Patients/consumers
Which of the following shows three elements of the SLC as given in the chapter, in the correct order from earliest to latest?
Plan, test, evolve
The staggers and Nelson systems life cycle (SLC) is a guide for informatics projects. Its phases include
Planning Implementation Evaluation
What is the main difference between a portal approach and a proprietary course management system (CMS) approach in distance education?
Portal-based systems are developed and customized by the learning institution, and proprietary CMS systems are products purchased or licensed by a vendor.
Which of the following typically is considered most all-encompassing?
Portfolio management
Health informatics is both a _____ as well as a(n) _____
Profession, discipline
If you choose to evaluate an informatics intervention by examining the impact on a clinician's ability to think ahead about future events, which level of situation awareness would you be measuring
Projection
SERMO for MDs and ANA's NurseSpace are two examples of what kind of social media structure?
Provider-Provider
Public health differs from clinical practice in important ways. Which statement reflects the difference?
Public health is focused on the prevention and health of populations before they are ill.
When evaluating quality and patient safety, which approach defines the framework for Patient Safety and Quality Research Design (PSQRD)?
Quality and safety are based on organizational structure, management and clinical processes, and their linkages to patient outcomes
A(n) _____ is considered the gold standard research design for answering questions about the efficacy of treatments
RCT
Which system is an example of an ancillary service application?
Radiology information system
Which terminology serves as a resource to represent domain knowledge of interest and thus facilitates data collection, processing, and aggregation using computer processing?
Reference terminology
Which are examples of secondary use of health information? (Select all that apply.)
Research Marketing Surveillance
Which is the form of knowledge gained in discovery research
Results from single research studies
You have altered the menu of food items served to your patients. However, the change has greatly expanded the number of refrigerated items needed on hand. You need to buy a new refrigerator, but the electric circuit in the kitchen cannot handle the extra load and needs to be upgraded at significant expense. This set of unintended consequences down the line, produced by an initial change, is called
Reverberation
Studying a project's potential opportunities is part of what area of management?
Risk
The ____ is one of the oldest - and still wildly used - methods for building and implementing software applications in IT arena.
SDLC
Advocating for users' needs and acting as a liaison between the users, the IT staff, and the vendor are competencies for a(n):
SPECIALIST
Which list includes the three levels of theory relevant to evaluation
Scientific theory, implementation models, and program theory
In a license agreement, the question of who the users are, whether software can be distributed, and the number of copies that can be run all fall under the category of:
Scope
Your task is to study and examine precisely what the project you are involved with is trying to accomplish, in order to set definable goals and boundaries. What aspect of the project are you working on?
Scope management
An ePatient is best described as one who:
Seeks health information from various sources and uses the information for decision making with health providers.
Which specialized method is used in knowledge discovery and data mining?
Selection of the optimal subset of variables/features for use in modeling
When using the online billing and payment tool, which functions directly benefit the patient? (Select all that apply)
Self-management of open accounts Ability to pay outstanding balances Secure communication on a 24/7 basis with the business office Ability to update address or demographic changes
Which incentive has the strongest potential to spur the nationwide adoption of advanced CDS?
Shift of healthcare payment from a fee-for-service model to approaches rewarding the delivery of better quality and outcomes at lower cost
Social media tools include: (Select all that apply.)
Social networks and microblogging Wikis and blogs Video and picture sharing
Which example best describes knowledge base content
Standard admission order sets based on presenting problems
You are leading an effort to implement a clinical decision support system. In order to improve the patient specificity of your CDS rules, you would
Store rules in a knowledge base and allow clinician experts to review and update the rules
The primary characteristics used to analyze an open system include
Structure, purpose, and functions
Which would be considered a niche application?
Surgical information system (SIS)
What are the two overarching types of telehealth technologies?
Synchronous and asynchronous
As EHR adoption expands to include data from multiple healthcare entities, more opportunities for error exist. Which process can affect data integrity?
System failure
Which of the following describe information system functionality? (Select all that apply.)
System response time Accuracy Ease of use for end users
Which type of review is considered the most rigorous
Systematic reviews
Which of the following are evidence summaries
Systemic reviews Literature reviews Integrative reviews
What are the main types of PHRs?
Tethered, untethered, stand-alone, and networked
By what legal code or precedent are powers not granted to the federal government reserved by the states?
The 10th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
What has recently been a complicating factor for implementing Meaningful Use criteria to certify EHRs?
The 2015 change from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM
A vendor provided all advanced practice registered nurses with free mobile devices to stimulate referrals. Which regulation is being violated?
The Anti-Kickback Statute
A large medical center that specializes in high-risk pregnancies is implementing an entire suite of clinical applications such as CPOE, barcode medication administration (BCMA), nursing documentation, data acquisition system to collect clinical data from cardiac and fetal monitors and ventilators, laboratory system, radiology system, PACS, and cardiology. It has a large, highly skilled, experienced IT team. The project team decided to go with a Big Bang go-live versus an incremental or phased approach. Which factor best supports this decision?
The Big Bang approach decreases the possibility of errors.
What is the office of the Department of Health and Human Services that is charged with overseeing nationwide efforts to implement and use health IT and electronic exchange of health information?
The Office of the National Coordinator (ONC)
The goal of ________ has been to increase the transparency of medical documentation, by touting the benefits of such transparency.
The OpenNotes Project
Which two instrumental movements pushed correspondence courses forward?
The Society to Encourage Studies at Home and Chautauqua College of Liberal Arts
Which statement describes the measurement of information as defined by the Shannon and Weaver model?
The amount of information is measured by the extent the message decreases entropy
A large medical practice that specializes in cancer care us weighing advantages and disadvantages of implementing the most recent version of a commercial HER or building its own homegrown system for its office. The staff selects a commercial HER from a major vendor. Which factor best supports this decision?
The commercial version is considered one of the "Best of Breed" products
Which description best defines nanofabrication?
The development of materials used in structures, electronics, and commercial products
Which technical development created a tension between centralized and decentralized computer management in healthcare?
The development of the personal computer
Which statement describes a repository with central shortage of a longitudinal record
The information collected by the organization is stored in a single database no matter when or where the patient was seen
The development of telemedicine and telehealth across state lines has been most hampered by:
The need to obtain licenses to practice in each state in the network
What is the first factor in deciding on an optimal health IT governance for an institution?
The organizational culture
The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) is best described as:
The principal federal entity charged with coordination of nationwide efforts to implement and use the most advanced health information technology and the electronic exchange of health information
Which factor would strongly influence the reliability of an EHR's repository
The redundancy of storage hardware
The "butterfly effect" describes a situation in which a minor change in input (e.g., a butterfly flapping its wings in one part of the world can have a major effect on output (e.g., a windstorm developing in another part of the world). This aspect of chaotic systems illustrated their property of:
The reiterative feedback loop
Which item is an example of information we might find in an EHR's clinical data Repository
The result of a patient's microbiology lab test
Which definition most accurately describes privacy?
The rights of individuals to control access to their person or information about themselves
What is the difference between the safe harbor and expert determination methods of de-identifying data?
The safe harbor method involves removal of 18 types of identifiers, and the expert determination method involves the application of statistical or scientific models
What is the primary goal of nanomedicine?
The use of nanotechnology for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease
Which two hurdles does the STAR model address in employing evidence-based Practice?
The volume and form of knowledge
Nanoparticles appear to have a very bright and meaningful future in the world; however, what is one potential issue with nanoparticles?
There are cytotoxicity and ethical concerns regarding the use of nanoparticles.
Which of the following is true regarding administrative enforcement?
There is an additional route of appeal if a decision is issued in an administrative proceeding as opposed to a federal court proceeding
Which statement is true of Meaningful Use?
They are a set of criteria created by the ONC to determine eligibility for financial incentives for health information technology adoption and use
Which is true of guidance documents?
They are official agency publications.
Which statement is true of PHRs?
They have been used in paper form for many years, but electronic versions offer new functionality
What is a negative impact of the increased use of mobile devices in transmitting health data?
They increase the risk of a security breach
Healthcare providers should friend patients only if:
They understand their social media policy at work
Who is most likely to seek health information from social network sites?
Those living with chronic conditions
Which statement related to certification in health informatics is correct?
To be certified in clinical informatics in association with AMIA, one must first be a physician
What are the primary goals for using EHRs in home health and related community-based systems? (Select all that apply)
To provide an effective and efficient method for tracking cost and related billing To capture clinicians' documentation that supported interaction with patients at the point-of-care To support clinical decision making and quality of care by presenting best practices and evidence-based practice options To improve communication
What is the purpose for creating standards to guide simulation experiences? (Select all that apply.)
To provide standardized experiences for the learners To enhance quality of the simulation experience
Why is it important for software sed by nurses who work for home health and related community-based systems to be based on a standardized terminology? (select all that apply)
To support evidenced-based practice · To generate reports needed to monitor care, improve the quality of services, and track costs · To improve communication among care providers at multiple locations · To describe and quantify, practice for clinicians, managers, administrators, and third-party reviewers
A quantified selfer is best described as one who:
Tracks personal metrics
what is the most important element for operationalizing and ensuring telehealth acceptance by providers?
Training
A facility calls in experts to review evidence developed in research and develop guidelines for clinical practice. Which stage of EBP is represented
Translation to guidelines
Using the STAR model, which of the following points indicate knowledge transformation has occurred
Translation to guidelines Discovery research Evaluation of process and outcomes Evidence summary Practice integration
All of the following are core functions of public health except
Treatment
International Classification of Nursing Practice is a:
Unified nursing language system into which nursing terminologies can be cross-mapped.
What led to the development and adoption of electronic personal health records?
Use of personal computers, Internet, and EHRs
A system that incorporates evidence-based content and clinical decision support includes:
Using Tall Man lettering for select medications.
According to the Informatics Capability Maturity Model, the degree to which IT is innovatively leveraged to enable leaner processes and seamless information flows represents which dimension?
Using information technology
Which examples describe how clinical applications are tied to other components in the EHR infrastructure?
Utilizing clinical decision support system rules to assist with appropriate lab test Ordering Using the data dictionary to code assessment information with a documentation Application Searching and extracting data from the repository for reporting purposes
You decide to base the evaluation plan of your informatics project on the theory of planned behavior. Which constructs will you use to develop your measurements?
Values, expectations of others, behaviors, and perceived self-efficacy
When evaluating responses to an RFP, which consideration would be least useful as part of typical system evaluation criteria?
Vendor's future development plans
When negotiating an agreement between a vendor and the HCO, which entity should write the second draft of the agreement? Which should write the third?
Vendor; HCO
The most commonly used functions of personal health records are:
Viewing test results and medication refills
Which international organization develops and maintains a family of international classifications such as the International Classification of Diseases?
WHO
In the future, social media in healthcare is likely to be:
Widely used and deeply integrated
E-mailing fraudulent claims from an office in Houston, Texas, to a Medicare facility in Washington, D.C., for medical care not actually performed would constitute what?
Wire fraud as well as violation of the False Claims Act
Knowing when and how to use knowledge is referred to as
Wisdom
Which international organizations develop international standards? (Select all that apply.)
a. Health Level 7 (HL7) b. International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization (IHTSDO) c. Global Health Informatics Partnership (GHIP) d. International Standard Organization (ISO) Not c
Which principles are included in IMIA's Code of Ethics for informatics? (Select all that apply.)
a. Legitimate Infringement b. Information-Privacy and Disposition c. Accountability e. Openness
When the AMIA model is used, which subfields are categorized as clinical informatics? (Select all that apply.)
a. Medical informatics b. Nursing informatics c. Dental informatics
Which of the following are INACSL standards for best practice for simulation? (Select all that apply.)
a. Terminology b. Debriefing process c. Facilitator objectives d. Facilitation methods NOT C
The Center to Champion Nursing in America envisions a healthcare system where:
all Americans have access to high-quality care
Which organizations have relationships with the Health Informatics Building Blocks Program aimed at health informatics workforce development in Africa? (Select all that apply.)
b. Health Informatics in Africa (HELINA) c. American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) d. Global Health Informatics Partnership (GHIP)
Which international organizations develop terminology? (Select all that apply.)
b. International Council of Nurses (ICN) c. World Health Organization (WHO) d. International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization (IHTSDO)
When SBAR communication is used, the B represents:
background
A nurse gives a patient the wrong drug. This is an example of an error of:
commission
A nurse is asked by the nursing manager to review electronic comments left by patients on the unit's Facebook page. The nurse examines the comments for common themes. This is an example of: Select one:
content analysis
The HITECH portion of ARRA was meant to do all of the following EXCEPT:
coordinate healthcare delivery standards with international healthcare bodies.
On its own, the number 190 is an example of
data
In a distributed learning environment, faculty members should:
develop learning activities that engage the learner with relevant real-world activities.
The culture of the patient-clinician partnership always includes:
ePatients and clinicians working in collaboration toward shared goals
What are some software examples of eportfolio creation? (Select all that apply.)
ePortfolio Desire2Learn ePortfolio
The Future of Nursing report listed all of the following opportunities to transform nursing practice through technology EXCEPT:
fast-tracking nursing education to grow the ranks of nurse practitioners.
The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act has influenced healthcare delivery because it is:
federal legislation that promotes the use of electronic health records.
Which term is analogous to futures research?
futurology
Evaluating data from all relevant sources, including technology, to inform the delivery of care is a competency for a(n):
generalist
Which examples represent proprietary applications suitable for real-time in-class student responses? (Select all that apply.)
iClickr TurningPoint
The main objective behind the health IT incentives provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act is:
improving health and healthcare
Which factor has influenced the ePatient movement?
internet
The Informatics Capability Maturity Model:
is a qualitative model that measures an organization's capabilities along five dimensions
The historical roots of computer science can be traced to:
mathematics and engineering
Which is most available throughout Africa?
mobile phone service
For a successful distributive education program, the institution:
must match the goals and objectives for a distributive education initiative to the mission and goals of the institution.
An organization decides to utilize a silver nanoparticle in the production of a product in order to make the product antimicrobial. This is an example of:
nano fabrication
It is important to monitor and track unintended consequences of health IT implementation because:
not much is known and we need to learn more.
The top three uses of the U.S. Army's telehealth network include all of the following EXCEPT
otolaryngology
A unit has been experiencing a high rate of patient falls for the past 3 months. According to Donabedian's model, patient falls would be considered:
outcome
To achieve the goals of the HIMSS Nursing Informatics Position Statement, all nurses should:
participate in advocacy and educational efforts directed to policymakers.
A nurse uses a CDS system to make an informed clinical decision regarding a drug dosage ordered for a patient. According to Donabedian's model, this would be considered:
process
Secure PHR messaging refers to the capacity to:
send messages from patients to providers via a tethered PHR
Critical to a successful distributive education program are the student support services. The first thing one should do is:
survey the students for what support services they expect from the school.
Existing resources that promote meeting the challenge of teaching informatics in the health professional curriculum are:
teaching materials and assignments
The EHR incentive Meaningful Use criteria are adapted from work done by:
the National Priorities Partnership.
The best practice starting point for developing a simulation scenario is:
the goals or objectives to be achieved.
Incorporating usability principles into software configuration and implementation is a competency of:
the implementation support specialist.
The purpose of the debriefing process is:
to promote self-reflection
eHealth literacy for consumers includes which elements? (select all that apply)
· Visual literacy · Computer literacy · Information literacy ·Digital literacy
