Information Systems Exam 2
Network Interface Card (NIC)
An expansion card that enables a computer to connect other computers or to a cable modem to facilitate a high-speed Internet connection.
application software
An inventory management program is an example of _________________.
Ubiquitous network access
Cloud resources can be accessed using standard net-work and Internet devices, including mobile platforms.
Database
Collection of related files containing records on people, places, or things
Location-independent resource pooling
Computing resources are pooled to serve multiple users, with different virtual resources dynamically assigned according to user demand.
Rapid Elasticity
Computing resources can be rapidly provisioned, increased, or decreased to meet changing user demand
On-demand self-service
Consumers can obtain computing capabilities such as server time or network storage as needed automatically on their own.
Querying and reporting
Data manipulation language Structured query language (SQL) Microsoft Access query-building tools
Domino's was unable to easily analyze data for a detailed understanding of its customers and their buying patterns.
From your reading of the chapter-opening case study, Domino's implemented a new data management platform in order to solve which of the following problems?
Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Functions of switches and routers managed by central program; seen mostly in cloud computing
entity
Generalized category representing person, place, thing on which we store and maintain information
hybrid cloud
In a ________ computing model, companies use their own infrastructure for essential computing tasks and adopt public cloud computing for less critical operations or additional processing during peak business periods. Group of answer choices
Links to other tables
In a business relational database, tables contain:
Row
In a table for customers, the information about a single customer would reside in a single:
multicore processor
Integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance, reduced power consumption and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks.
hybrid cloud computing
Large firms are most likely to adopt a _________________ model, in which they use their own infrastructure for their most essential core activities and adopt public cloud computing for less-critical systems or for additional processing capacity during peak business periods.
mainframes
Large-capacity, high-performance computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly
Packet Switching
Method of slicing digital messages into parcels (packets), sending packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling packets at destination
Splunk
One of the market-leading "big data" information gathering and analysis tools.
Relational database
Organize data into two-dimensional tables (relations) with columns and rows
Relations
Relational databases organize data into two-dimensional tables, called ________ with columns and rows.
system software
Software that manages the resources and activities of the computer is called:
Data management Software
Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:
Application software
Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called:
False
Software used to process an order is an example of systems software.
true
Systems integration means ensuring the legacy systems work with new elements of the infrastructure.
five tables: for customers, employees, suppliers, parts, and sales.
The most basic business database is comprised of:
Relational database
The most common type of database today
normalization
The process of applying rules to a database design to ensure that information is divided into the appropriate tables.
Operating System
The system software that manages and controls the computer's activities
distributed processing
The use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing
Distributed processing
The use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing is called:
Infrastructure, software, platform
Three types of cloud computing service
False
Today, most system software is custom built by in-house programmers.
DARPA
Transmission Control protocol/Internet protocol is developed by ____________
Relationships between entities
What are the relationships that the relational database is named for?
System and application software
What does computer software include?
System software; system software manages the resources and activities of a computer.
What is a set of applications that manages the activities and resources of a computer?
Client/server computing
What is a widely used form of distributing processing?
The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute ADDRESS
Which of the following best illustrates the relationship between entities and attributes?
Transaction processing system running on a mainframe
Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?
supercomputer
Which of the following types of computers is traditionally used for military work such as classified weapons research?
Server
Which of the following types of computers would you use to support a computer network?
Edge computing
_______________ reduces the amount of data flowing between local computers and devices and the central cloud data center.
Application software
_________________ applies the computer to a specific task for the end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list. Refers to programs written for a specific application to perform functions specified by end users.
Open source software
_________________ is produced and maintained by a global community of programmers and is often downloadable for free.
Record
a collection of related data elements
Byte
a group of 8 bits
File
a group of records of the same type (same subject)
Edge computing
a method of optimizing cloud computing systems by performing some processing on a set of linked servers at the edge of the network, near the source of the data.
UNIX
a multiuser, multitasking operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to connect various machines and is highly supportive of communications and networking.
supercomputer
a specially designed and more sophisticated computer that is used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variables, millions of measurements, and thousands of equations.
centralized processing
all processing is accomplished by one large central computer
Hadoop
an open source program supported by the Apache Foundation that manages thousands of computers and that implements MapReduce
Application Software
applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list
data dictionary
automated or manual file storing definitions of data elements and their characteristics
Measured service
charges for cloud resources are based on amount of resources actually used
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
common worldwide standard that is basis for the internet
file
course information in pipeline is an example of a(n) ________________.
Database Management System (DBMS)
creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security
The physical view of a database:
deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device
workstation
fits on a desktop but has more powerful mathematical and graphics-processing capabilities than a PC
Application server
handles all application operations between a user and an organization's back-end business systems
Grid computing
involves connecting geographically remote computers into a single network and combining the computational power of all computers on the grid.
System Software
manages the resources and activities of the computer
Legacy systems
older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them
Private cloud
operated solely for an organization. It might be managed by the organization or a third party and hosted either internally or externally.
data management software
organizes, manages, and processes business data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors
Public cloud
owned and maintained by a cloud service provider, such as Amazon Web Services, and made available to the general public or industry group
The logical view of a database:
presents data as they would be perceived by end users.
MDM software
products that install and update software, back up and restore mobile devices, wipe software and data from devices in the event the device is lost or the employees leaves the company, report usage and provide other mobile device management data
Green computing
refers to practices and technologies for designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated devices such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems in order to minimize impact on the environment.
packets
routers direct where __________ are sent
network operating system (NOS)
routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources (hubs, switches, routers)
protocols
rules that govern transmission of information between two points
Attributes
specific characteristics of each entity
server
specifically optimized to support a computer network, enabling users to share files, software, peripheral devices, or other network resources.
client/server computing
splits processing between clients and servers.
Relational DBMS
the type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables
N-tier client/server architectures
the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers, depending on the kind of service being requested
Key field
uniquely identifies each record
web server
will serve a web page to a client in response to a request for service
Attribute
A characteristic or quality describing an entity is called a(n):
bit
A contraction of "Binary Digit". The single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.
wireless interface card
A device that allows you to connect a device to a network wirelessly
hub
A device that uses its ports to connect devices (computers, printers, etc.) together
Entity field
A field identified in a record as holding the unique identifier for that record is called the:
Primary key
A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table's records is called the:
True
A firm's IT infrastructure provides the foundation for supporting all the information systems in the business.
Field
A grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number, such as a person's name or age.
Entity Relationship Diagram
A methodology for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities in the database.
with a crow's foot preceded by a short mark.
A one-to-many relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends:
In two short marks
A one-to-one relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends:
Foreign Key
A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
Entity Relationship Diagram
A schematic of the entire database that describes the relationships in a database is called a(n):
referential integrity
A set of rules that Access uses to ensure that the data between related tables is valid.
Solid State Drive (SSD)
A storage device that uses the same kind of memory that flash drives use but that can reach data in only a tenth of the time a flash drive requires.
intersection relation
A table that links two tables that have a many-to-many relationship is often called a(n):
router
A type of computer that forwards data across a network
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A visual display on a computer's screen that allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.
