Project Management Chapter 5
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
A deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project
WBS Dictionary
A document that describes detailed information about each WBS item
Deliverable
A product produced as part of a project, such as hardware or software, planning documents, or meeting minutes
Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM)
A table that lists requirements, various attributes of each requirement, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all requirements are addressed
Work Package
A task at the lowest level of the WBS
Mind-Mapping Approach
A technique that uses branches radiating out from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas
Requirements
Conditions or capabilities that must be met by the project or present in the product, service, or result to satisfy an agreement of other formally imposed specification
Controlling Scope
Controlling changes to project scope throughout the life of the project
Collecting Requirements
Defining and documenting the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them
Requirement Development Categories
Elicitation, Analysis, Specification, and Validation
Validating Scope
Formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables
Benchmarking
Generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other project or products inside or outside the performing organization, can also be used to collect requirements
Project Scope Management
Includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project
Goals of the scope are to
Influence the factors that cause scope changes, assure changes are processed according to procedures developed as part of integrated change control, and manage changes when they occur
Scope
Refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the process used to create them
Analogy Approach
Review WBSs of similar projects and tailor your project
Project Scope Statement
Should Include at least one project scope description, product user acceptance criteria, and detailed information on all project deliverables. It is also helpful to document other scope-related information, such as the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions. Should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications.
Top-Down Approach
Start with the largest items of the project and break them down
Bottom-Up Approach
Start with the specific tasks and roll them up
Variance
The Difference between planned and actual performance
A WBS is
a foundation document that provides the basis for planning and managing project schedules, costs, resources, and changes
Scope control involves
controlling changes to the project scope
Planning scope
determining how the project's scope and requirements will be managed
Requirements Management Plan
documents how project requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed
Scope Management Plan Contents
how to prepare a detailed project scope statement, how to create a WBS, how to maintain and approve the WBS, how to obtain formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables, how to control requests for changes to the project scope
Scope Baseline
includes the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary
Scope Validation
involves formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables
Defining scope
reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement
Decomposition
subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces
Creating a WBS
subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components
The scope management plan is a
subsidiary part of the project management plan
Project scope management includes
the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project
The project team uses expert judgement and meetings to develop two important outputs:
the scope managements plan and the requirements management plan