INQUIZITIVE: Chapter 12
Abolitionists pioneered the use of modern methods and technology to gain support and finance their cause. Which of the following are examples of their revolutionary approaches to fighting slavery?
-Abolitionists seized upon the recently developed steam printing press to produce millions of copies of pamphlets, newspapers, petitions, novels, and broadsides. -They developed charity fairs or "bazaars," where women sold clothing and embroidery, luxury goods, and works of art to raise funds.
Identify the abolitionist ideas Lydia Maria Child advocated in her An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans (1833)
-Blacks should not be considered Africans any more than every white man be considered an Englishman. -The modern idea of human rights takes precedence over national sovereignty.
Identify the statements that are true about the American Colonization Society, both its creation and its impact.
-Its goal was the resettlement of black Americans in Africa after gradual emancipation. -The Colonization Society inspired free black persons to fight for their rights as Americans.
Identify the statements that describe the Oneida community.
-The founder, John Humphrey Noyes, ruled like a dictator over the community. -Members wanted to create a "holy family" of equals by doing away with private property and traditional marriage.
Identify the statements that describe the goals and activities of the "utopian communities" established in the decades before the Civil War.
-tried to find substitutes for conventional gender relations and marriage patterns -wanted to narrow the gap between the rich and poor, as well as organize society on a cooperative basis
The image below comes from a nineteenth-century book for children aimed to teach the righteousness of the abolitionists' cause. Drag each description below to the rhyming verse in the image it best describes.
A: This verse relates the abolitionist cause to the notion of liberty for every citizen, black and white B: this verse places the abolitionist's cause in religious context. C: This verse creates empathy for slave's day-to-day life and work. D: This verse illustrates a common enemy for slaves and abolitionists.
Match each of the following individuals to her contribution to the abolitionist cause.
Abby Kelly: -A Quaker and prolific abolitionist speaker, this individual spoke almost daily for two decades on "the holy cause of human rights." Harriet Beecher Stowe: -This individual authored the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, the most widely read of all antislavery writings during this period. Angelina Grimké: -Growing up the daughter of a South Carolina slaveholder, this individual was among the first to apply the abolitionist doctrine of universal equality to the status of women.
What does this image reveal about the antislavery movement in the United States?
Abolitionists highlighted the hypocrisy of the "land of the free" having slaves in its capital. Quotations form the Bible were used to support abolitionists' claims that slavery was a sin.
Abolitionists pioneered the use of modern methods and technology to gain support and finance their cause. Which of the following are examples of their approaches to fighting slavery?
Abolitionists seized upon the recently developed steam printing press to produce millions of copies of pamphlets, newspapers, petitions, novels, and broadsides. They adopted techniques from the revivalists-traveling and speaking passionately about the abolitionist cause to spread awareness about the plight of slaves.
Black communities in the North devised an alternative calendar of "freedom celebrations" that centered on which of the following significant dates?
August 1, the celebration of West Indian emancipation January 1, which was the day in 1808 when the slave trade became illegal
Identify the abolitionist ideas Lydia Maria Child advocated in her An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans (1833).
Black are fellow countrymen, not foreigners or a permanently inferior caste. As such, they should not be considered Africans any more than every white man be considered an Englishman.
Around 100 reform communities were established in the decades before the Civil War. Match each statement to the community it correctly describes.
Brook Farm: -In this Massachusetts community, transcendentalists sought to prove that manual and intellectual labor could coexist. New Harmony: -This community lasted only a few years, but was highly influential to the labor movement, educational reformers, and women's rights advocates. The Shakers: -Members of this community cultivated "virgin purity" and believed that the sexes were spiritually equal because God had a dual, male-female personality. Oneida: -Members of this community believed in "complex marriage," or that all of the men and women in the community were united as a "holy family" of equals.
How does Grimké explain that the discussion of wrongs of slavery opened the way for the discussion of other rights?
By studying slavery, she realized women lacked basic freedoms as well.
In 1836, when abolitionists began to flood Washington with petitions calling for emancipation in the nation's capital, the House of Representatives adopted the gag rule, which prohibited southern congressmen from speaking out against the petitions.
False
Like abolitionism, temperance, and other reforms, feminism was an international movement, as it reinforced the idea that women should remain in the home, which resonated in industrial Europe.
False
Complete the following passage about the early 1850s novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. Harriet Beecher Stowe based the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin on the life story of Josiah Henson. First serialized in 1851 in a Washington antislavery newspaper, the novel eventually sold more than a million copies by 1854. It is credited with giving the abolitionist message a powerful human appeal.
Harriet Beecher Stowe, abolitionist
The 1848 Declaration of Sentiments of the Seneca Falls Convention, written mainly by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, is best known as the beginning of the seventy-year struggle for women's suffrage. In addition to demanding the right to vote, however, Stanton went on to detail numerous forms of inequality facing women. In the excerpt below, identify the passage(s) where Stanton specifically denounces the loss of rights of women who choose to marry.
He has made her, if married, in the eye of the law, civilly dead. In the covenant of marriage, she is compelled to promise obedience to her husband, he becoming, to all intents and purposes, her master—the law giving him power to deprive her of her liberty, and to administer chastisement. . . .
The Grimké sisters received criticism for their public speaking not only from men, but other women. Read the following excerpt from An Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism (1837), a letter from Catharine Beecher to Angelina and Sarah Grimké. Afterward, identify the passage(s) in which Beecher directly claims that it is not the role of a woman to campaign for political change.
In this country, petitions to congress, in reference to the official duties of legislators, seem, IN ALL CASES, to fall entirely without the sphere of female duty. Men are the proper persons to make appeals to the rulers whom they appoint, and if their female friends, by arguments and persuasions, can induce them to petition, all the good that can be done by such measures will be secured.
Identify the statements that describe the Oneida community.
It became notorious for "complex marriages" whereby any man could propose sexual relations to any woman, who had the right to reject or accept his invitation. The founder, John Humphrey Noyes, ruled like a dictator over the community.
Horace Mann was the era's leading education reformer. Identify the statements that describe Mann's contributions and ideas on education.
Mann hoped that universal public education would restore equality to a fractured society. Mann's common-school movement created the first career opportunity for women as they could become teachers.
What does it reveal about utopian communities in the mid-nineteenth century?
New York had many different utopian communities within its borders. Shaker communities were spread throughout the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, veterans of the antislavery crusade, organized the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848. Identify the key issues discussed at the Seneca Falls Convention.
The convention marked the beginning of the struggle for women's suffrage. Stanton and Mott argued for social equality for women, including fair pay and equal opportunities.
The Liberty Party was created in 1840 and nominated James G. Birney as its candidate for president. Identify the statements that describe the Liberty Party.
The creation fo the Liberty Party was partly due to some abolitionists' dislike of women playing prominent roles in politics.
The Liberty Party was created in 1840 and nominated James G. Birney as its candidate for president. Identify the statements that describe Birney and the Liberty Party.
The creation of the Liberty Party was partly due to some abolitionists' dislike of women playing prominent roles in politics.
Identify the statements that describe the militant abolitionism movement in the United States.
The new generation of abolitionists rejected the traditional approach of gradual emancipation and demanded immediate abolition. Nearly all abolitionists insisted that economic, civil, and political rights should be enjoyed equally by all people in the United States, without regard to race.
Identify the statements that describe the temperance movement.
The temperance movement claimed to have persuaded hundreds of thousands of Americans to renounce liquor. The American Temperance Society, founded in 1826, directed its efforts at occasional drinkers, as well as habitual drinkers.
How have religious reformers made a difference in American society?
They amplified the debate for abolition, using Christian principles to attack slavery. They created the Social Gospel that south to improve the lives of working people and immigrants. They spearheaded the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s.
Which of the following statements describe the abolitionist use of moral suasion?
They used the public sphere as their arena to spread ideas of the sinful nature of slavery.
Which of the following statements describe Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin?
Uncle Tom's Cabin sold more than a million copies by 1854, and it inspired numerous stage versions. Stowe portrayed slaves as sympathetic men and women and as Christians at the mercy of slaveholders who split up families and set bloodhounds on innocent mothers and children.
In 1836, abolitionists began to flood Washington with petitions calling for emancipation in the nation's capital. Complete the passage about the events that occurred next. The House of Representatives adopted a gag rule prohibiting discussion of emancipation petitions. The rule was seen by many northerners as an unconstitutional affront to freedom because it restricted free speech within Congress about an issue important to citizens. The rule was appealed in 1844 thanks largely to the support of former president John Quincy Adams
a gag rule, free speech, John Quincy Adams
Identify the goals of the following reform movements and organizations.
dissuade individuals from drinking, and guide them toward a moral lifestyle: temperance movement view society as capable of indefinite improvement, and work to free it of sin through revivals and other tactics: perfectionism eliminate slavery throughout the country immediately: abolition movement fund and support public education for all students: common schools
Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin was modeled to some extent on the autobiography of Frederick Douglass.
false
In 1836, when abolitionists began to flood Washington with petitions calling for emancipation in the nation's capital, the House of Representatives adopted the gag rule, which prohibited southern congressmen from speaking out against the petitions.
false
Match the individuals to their accomplishments.
leading abolitionist speaker who believed the crusade against slavery was the nation's preeminent "school in which human right are...investigated" : Angelina Grimke author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, which generated awareness of the abolitionist cause: Harriet Beecher Stowe a Massachusetts schoolteacher and advocate for the humane treatment of the insane: Dorthea Dix
Match the individuals to their contributions to the abolitionist cause.
publisher of The Liberator, which promoted militant abolitionism -William Lloyd Garrison brilliant orator whose rallies helped create a mass constituency in the heart of the North, in both rural areas and small towns -Theodore Weld author of An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, which called on blacks to mobilize and warned whites they would be punished for their sinful ways -David Walker
Match the individuals to their contributions to the abolitionist cause
publisher of the liberator, which promoted militant abolitionism: William Lloyd Garrison brilliant orator who's rallies helped create a mass constituency in the heart of the North, in both rural areas and small towns: Theodore Weld author of an appeal to the coloured citizens of the world, which called on blacks to mobilize and warned whites they would be punished for their sinful ways: David Walker
Complete the passage about a prominent utopian community during the nineteenth century. The Shakers were the most successful of the religious "utopian" communities. Though they rejected accumulation of private property, they were able to support their community through the sale of furniture, vegetable and flower seeds, and commercially bred cattle.
shakers, rejected, furniture
Identify the statements that describe why was this image was frequently used by abolitionists.
the depiction of this slave represents African-americans as unthreatening individuals seeking white assistance from slavery. The image calls upon white Americans to recognize blacks as fellow men unjustly held in bondage.
What was the American Colonization Society created to encourage?
the gradual abolition of slavery and the resettlement of black Americans in Africa
The public sphere was open to women in ways that government and party politics were not. How did women participate in the public political activity before they could vote?
they marched in political parades. they circulated petitions.
The American Anti-Slavery Society was formed in 1833 and took advantage of the rapid development of print technology and the expansion of literacy due to common school education to successfully spread its message.
true
The creation of the American Colonization Society galvanized free blacks to claim their rights as Americans and demand that they receive the same freedoms as white citizens of the country.
true
The outlook called "perfectionism" held that even though individuals are flawed and commit sin, they are able to improve their lives through good choices in order to become better people.
true
Identify the statements that describe the goals and activities of the "utopian communities" established in the decades before the Civil War.
wanted to narrow the gap between the rich and poor, as well as organize society on a cooperative basis. tried to find substitutes for conventional gender relations and marriage patterns.