international quiz ch. 15 and 16
chop
a group of characters on a circular seal, used instead of a signature in Japan and China, like a stamp
uriage shiire
digestion purchase, product and product risk pass to the department store upon delivery, payment occurs to the supplier one month following the sale to a customer, used for perishable foods
eclecticism
decisions are made in a circular manner, decisions are made by consensus
sales promotion rebates
refunds paid to the retailer who shares the work or cost of conducting a special sales promotion
manufacturers showroom
retailers function like a real estate leasing agent rather than an assembler of merchandise assortments
kimono shop
stores that originally sold textile merchandise, the featured cloth was custom made into clothes (kimonos) or household items
circular thinking
the future is not predictable, the past is used as a point of reference
opportunity costs
the money the retailer would have earned if another better-selling manufacturer had that shelf space, manufacturer must absorb the cost of producing the product if it does not sell well
keiretsu
a system of formal business relationships linking financial institutions and manufacturing companies
special rebates
based on the suppliers overall evaluation of how much the retailer contributed to the supplier's business
terminal stores
began later as shops selling everyday items to people going through the train station
itaku shire
equivalent of a consignment sales, the risk is passed to the depat store upon delivery, payment to the supplier occurs one month following sale to the consumer
frame
every object is set in an environment ex. chinese person says i work for nissan
payment date rebates
given to buyers who a bill before a certain deadline
quantity rebates
given to retailers based on order size or total quantity ordered throughout the period
physical distribution rebates
given when the buyer helps the seller to process the goods ordered
power
influence in the distribution channel
consignment
manufacturers allow department stores to return unsold merchandise
ringi
multiple levels of decision makers
target acheivement rebates
paid according to how well the buyer has met sellers agreed upon targets in areas such as total sales and new customers
exceptionism
the ruleless rule, rules change with the situation and a flexible, freestyle, approach is characteristic
katori shire
there is no return unless the product is bad, the retailer pays for the merchandise in cash
obligatory
two gift giving seasons in Japan, don't give gifts out of sentiment but because they are socially required, o-chen( july or august), or 0-seibo(december or january)
linear thinking
we believe what has happened in the past could be used to alter or change the future
pseudo harmonism
you pretend harmony exists, whether it does or not, maintain peace and harmony