international quiz ch. 15 and 16

chop

a group of characters on a circular seal, used instead of a signature in Japan and China, like a stamp

uriage shiire

digestion purchase, product and product risk pass to the department store upon delivery, payment occurs to the supplier one month following the sale to a customer, used for perishable foods

eclecticism

decisions are made in a circular manner, decisions are made by consensus

sales promotion rebates

refunds paid to the retailer who shares the work or cost of conducting a special sales promotion

manufacturers showroom

retailers function like a real estate leasing agent rather than an assembler of merchandise assortments

kimono shop

stores that originally sold textile merchandise, the featured cloth was custom made into clothes (kimonos) or household items

circular thinking

the future is not predictable, the past is used as a point of reference

opportunity costs

the money the retailer would have earned if another better-selling manufacturer had that shelf space, manufacturer must absorb the cost of producing the product if it does not sell well

keiretsu

a system of formal business relationships linking financial institutions and manufacturing companies

special rebates

based on the suppliers overall evaluation of how much the retailer contributed to the supplier's business

terminal stores

began later as shops selling everyday items to people going through the train station

itaku shire

equivalent of a consignment sales, the risk is passed to the depat store upon delivery, payment to the supplier occurs one month following sale to the consumer

frame

every object is set in an environment ex. chinese person says i work for nissan

payment date rebates

given to buyers who a bill before a certain deadline

quantity rebates

given to retailers based on order size or total quantity ordered throughout the period

physical distribution rebates

given when the buyer helps the seller to process the goods ordered

power

influence in the distribution channel

consignment

manufacturers allow department stores to return unsold merchandise

ringi

multiple levels of decision makers

target acheivement rebates

paid according to how well the buyer has met sellers agreed upon targets in areas such as total sales and new customers

exceptionism

the ruleless rule, rules change with the situation and a flexible, freestyle, approach is characteristic

katori shire

there is no return unless the product is bad, the retailer pays for the merchandise in cash

obligatory

two gift giving seasons in Japan, don't give gifts out of sentiment but because they are socially required, o-chen( july or august), or 0-seibo(december or january)

linear thinking

we believe what has happened in the past could be used to alter or change the future

pseudo harmonism

you pretend harmony exists, whether it does or not, maintain peace and harmony