Interpersonal Comm. Final
Cultures do not differ in their orientations toward time. True or False?
False
Direct definitions are important because they boost, rather than impair, a child's self-esteem. True or False?
False
Most relationships are either fully confirming or fully disconfirming, and few relationships fall in between. True or False?
False
Fearfully attached individuals tend to feel less hope, disclose less, and experience less satisfaction wth relationships than people with other attachment styles. True or False?
True
In general, masculine-gender speech communities follow this communication rule:
Use talk to accomplish practical goals.
The three primary styles of love are:
eros, storge, and ludos
All of the following are forms of confirming communication EXCEPT:
strategy
What involves controlling the outward expression of emotion?
surface acting
Edwina feels a knot in her stomach when she received a low grade on her exam. She noticed the knot and thought it constituted evidence of anxiety. This situation illustrates:
the cognitive labeling view of emotions
Communication rules tell us:
all of these.
Devin is surprised when his friend burps and belches after their dinner together. Devin says, "Burping and belching is so rude." Devin's perception of his friend's behavior is based on a(n) ________ rule.
regulative
It is best to address conflict right away, even if one person is tired or you're in a public setting. True or False?
False
Lack of conflict is the biggest indicator of a healthy relationship. True or False?
False
Men and boys are more likely to use social media as a venue for self-development. True or False?
False
Ambushing is listening carefully for the purpose of attacking a speaker. True or False?
True
We follow communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them. True or False?
True
Monopolizing is detrimental to both the person who is being neglected and the person who is dominating the conversation. True or False?
True
In the ________ phase of romantic relationship deterioration, relational partners may begin to consider alternatives to the relationship.
intrapsychic
After the first few married years, most couples experience a dip in marital satisfaction:
regardless of whether or not they have children.
Morgan is a teacher and wants to make sure that her students respect one another. She has a rule that if a student wants to talk, then the student must raise his/her hand before speaking. This rule helps to:
regulate interaction
________ in interpersonal relationships involves believing in another person's reliability and emotionally relying on that person.
Trust
Achieving closeness through doing is best illustrated by which of the following activities?
going to ball games together
Which one of the following statements is true about conflict in relationships?
Conflict is inevitable in most interpersonal relationships
Unlike verbal communication nonverbal communication is unintentional. True or False?
False
Mindfulness grows out of the decision to attend fully to another person. True or False?
False
Which one of the following statements is true about violence and abuse in romantic relationships?
Many people do not report violent or abusive incidents
For individuals socialized in feminine speech communities, closeness in interpersonal relationships is primarily achieved through:
Sharing activities
Of the many influences that shape relationships, four are particularly critical for building and sustaining satisfying personal relationships: investment, commitment, trust, and comfort with relational dialectics. True or False?
True
Pragma love types are more likely to use online matching services to specify their criteria for a desirable mate. True or False?
True
To build a lasting relationship with someone, we need something more durable than passion, we need ________.
commitment
The happiest dating and married partners feel that they do not invest equally in their relationship compared to their partner. True or False?
False
Mr. and Mrs. Miller are a highly autonomous couple. Mr. and Mrs. Miller give each other plenty of room and they share less emotionally than the other marital types. The Millers would be best categorized as which of Fitzpatrick's marital types?
Separates
What is a mnemonic?
a memory aid
Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the second stage is usually:
enlarging a family
Research indicates that in general the LEAST effective and LEAST satisfying response to the tension generated by relational dialectics is to:
honor one need and ignore the other.
Psychologists define _________ as rules for living and identity.
identity scripts
As the meeting stretches to three hours, Julie starts to experience a listening obstacle that involves fatigue, hunger, and having trouble summoning the energy needed to listen closely. This is an example of:
lack of effort.
In which stage do partners typically engage in contracting?
later
Concerning the typical life cycle of families with children, the fifth stage is usually:
launching children
The clearest indication that a friendship is in the waning stage is
less quality and quantity of communication.
Chelsea does not enjoy the speaker's topic, but her goal is to gather and evaluate the information being presented so she can write a report on the presentation. This is an example of:
listening for information
Which primary expectation of friendship seems to be universal?
trust
What does it mean for language to be ambiguous?
The meanings of words are not clear-cut.
Listening skills need to be modified according to the goals, situations, and people to whom we are listening. Using different listening skills when listening for information and for relationship listening is known as:
adapting listening appropriately.
The nature and dynamics of friendships change throughout life. All of the following statements are supported by research about these dynamics EXCEPT:
adolescent females tend to define their friends as groups of people.
One of the two dimensions of trust is:
emotional reliability
All of the following are American styles of business negotiation EXCEPT:
indirectly letting the other party know your bottom line
Three dimensions of committed romantic relationships are
intimacy, commitment, and passion
According to the perceptual view of emotions, what occurs right before the response?
physiological response
The three secondary styles of love are:
pragma, mania, and agape
When communicating with a person with a disability, all of the following are generally accepted guidelines EXCEPT:
provide assistance without asking
Which dimension of love involves the intensely positive feelings and fervent desire for the other person?
Passion
Which one of the following is NOT an example of paralanguage?
Refusing to speak
In a study of both different and same sex couples, researchers found that couples with both partners had ____________ attachment styles had the most mutually constructive communication.
Secure
Giving priority to one dialectal need and neglecting the other is known as:
Selection
A majority of lesbian couples create more egalitarian relationships than do either heterosexuals or gay men. True or False?
True
The personal objects we use to announce our identities and heritage and to personalize our environments are known as:
artifacts
Specific communication behaviors that contribute to unproductive interpersonal conflict include all of the following EXCEPT:
asking questions for clarification
While listening to the lecture, Carlos begins to think about the things he needs to do after class, but stops himself and consciously focuses himself on the information being presented in the lecture and takes in as much as he can. This is an example of:
being mindful
Verbal communication and nonverbal communication are similar in all of the following respects EXCEPT:
both are perceived as equally believable.
Girls and women are expected to be caring, whereas boys and men are expected to be:
both independent and self-assertive
Having to wait to see a physician or attorney, even if you have an appointment, conveys the message that the physician's time is more valuable than yours. This is an example of the importance of ________ in nonverbal communication.
chronemics
Raul came to the United States from Mexico three months ago and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class a while after class has started. Raul's confusion about American pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior?
chronemics
As after taking cooking lessons, Thelma bakes a cake for her friend Louise's birthday. When Louise sees the cake, she says, "Wow, that's so sweet. My mom always made a special cake for my birthday, and she would decorate it so elaborately." Thelma angrily replies, "Well I'm sorry that I didn't decorate the cake extravagantly. I guess I still have a lot to learn about cooking." Thelma's response illustrates:
defensive listening
The sense of touch is:
haptics
The term _________, also called the looking-glass self, refers to our perception of another's view of us.
identity script
Janet believes that nobody can win when conflict erupts. From her perspective, everyone is hurt by conflicts. Janet's orientation to conflict is best described as:
lose-lose
Lawrence is having trouble listening effectively in his advanced philosophy course. Usually he listens well in class, but the professor in this case is so full of information and he presents such complicated ideas that Lawrence has difficulty following and retaining the lectures. Lawrence is experiencing a listening obstacle known as:
message complexity
In terms of love styles, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:
one's love style is permanent throughout life.
All of the following are external pressures to friendships except:
sexual attraction
All of the following are included in the five principles of interpersonal conflict EXCEPT:
Conflict is typically destructive for individuals and relationships.
Ethnocentrism is one form of ________ communication.
certainty
Which type of rule specifies how to interpret different kinds of communication?
constitutive
Management of what we feel inside ourselves is called:
deep acting
Romantic relationships rarely follow a developmental course.
False
The resurrection process of relationship deterioration involves all of the following EXCEPT:
The partners attempt to restore the deteriorating relationship.
Failing to acknowledge another person's feelings or thoughts disconfirms him or her. True or False?
True
New acquaintances tend to rely on general scripts and stereotypes in their interactions. True or False?
True
Researchers have shown that many people who engage in violence against romantic partners lack the communicative skills to constructively manage emotions and conflicts. True or False?
True
The counterpoint to strategy is:
spontaneity.
We are most likely to engage in emotion work when we:
think what we are feeling is inappropriate.
While listening to her friend Bill, Judy occasionally says, "Tell me more" or "That's interesting, go on." Judy is:
using minimal encouragers.
Which of the following comments would likely be made during the invitational stage of romantic relationships?
"Are you also a communication major?"
Some couples have a rule that prohibits the adults from arguing in front of their children. This requirement is a(n) ________ rule.
constructive
"Stop bothering me!" and "I feel we should work as a team" are examples of:
counterfeit emotional language.
During an argument about money, Desi says, "Well, if you hadn't wrecked the car, it wouldn't need repairs and money wouldn't be a problem." Consuela replies, "Yeah, and if you had been home when you said you'd be, I wouldn't have driven that day." Desi and Consuela are engaging in what conflict pattern?
cross-complaining
All of the following are forms of unproductive communication EXCEPT:
dual perspective
"When you said my idea was stupid, I felt hurt" is an example of ________ language.
I
Which statement below is true of families?
More people are choosing to remain unmarried than ever before.
All of the following are risks to self-disclosing communication EXCEPT:
Others may increase closeness with us
Jenna believes that she doesn't have an aptitude for statistics class. She performs the class, supporting her initial belief. This is an example of a(n):
Self-fufilling prophecy
People socialized in masculine speech communities tend to achieve closeness in interpersonal relationships primarily through:
Sharing activities
Irene observes that on the most-recent test in her engineering class, only two students out of 60 earned higher scores than she did. She concludes that she is smarter than most of the others in the class, at least in the subject of engineering. This is an example of a(n):
Social comparison
A common form of cyberbullying is to spread rumors that a girl is a slut. True or False?
True
Male abusers are far more likely than female abusers to inflict physical injuries, sometimes severe ones. True or False?
True
Self-disclosure necessarily involves risks, such as the risk that others will not accept what we reveal or that they might use it against us. True or False?
True
Sexual orientation doesn't seem to be a major influence on how people see and deal with conflict. True or False?
True
Social media allows parents to track and monitor their children in new ways. True or False?
True
Some researchers assert that humans experience only one kind of emotions which are based in biology and thus instinctual and universal. True or False?
True
The interactive view of emotions rests on three key concepts: framing rules, feeling rules, and emotion work. True or False?
True
The only guidelines in listening for pleasure are to be mindful and control distractions. True or False?
True
Constructive conflict communication includes:
agenda building
Unlike most relationships, friendships:
are voluntary
The ________ view of emotions posits this model: stimulus > physiological response > emotion.
organismic
Americans have historically seen raising children as a primary objective of marriage, but it is no longer seen as the only goal of marriage. True or False?
True
It is common to feel multiple emotions at the same time. True or False?
True
Which kind of love is practical love?
pragma
Effective communicators avoid rely on static evaluations whenever possible. True or False?
False
Emotional intelligence is the ability to listen supportively when other people share their feelings. True or False?
False
Mothers are more likely than fathers to challenge children and encourage them to achieve more: True or False
False
Supporting a friend primarily involves saying nice things in order to make him or her feel better rather than giving honest opinions. True or False?
False
The likelihood of sustaining a long-distance friendship depends in part on socioeconomic class. True or False?
False
The meanings we assign to behavior in romantic relationships are entirely individualistic. True or False?
False
The term conformity orientation refers to the extent to which family members are expected to share the same beliefs. True or False?
True
There is no objectively correct punctuation. True or False?
True
Speech communities are not necessarily defined by geographic locations and boundaries. True or False?
True
People with this love style are likely to self-disclose early in a relationship, be very sentimental, and fall in love fast:
eros
Relational culture is best defined as:
private understandings, rules, and meanings that partners create.
All of the following are reasons why we may refrain from expressing emotions EXCEPT:
protecting others
Which type of family has low conversation orientation and high conformity orientation?
protective
Six-year-old Timmy did not get a toy from the supermarket that he really wanted. He refuses to sit near his mom or even hold her hand when he walks to the car. He is using his ________ to indicate his anger.
proxemics
As a rule, women assume most of the ________, which involves remembering, planning, and scheduling family life.
psychological responsibility
The wife nags at her husband because he constantly withdraws from her. The husband withdraws, because he feels that his wife is nagging all the time. The difference between how the husband and wife see their communication behaviors is due to differences in:
punctuation
________states that people apply economic principles to evaluate their relationships.
social exchange theory
A comfortable, even-keeled kind of love based on friendship and compatibility is:
storage
Which kind of love grows out of common interests, values, and life goals?
storage