Into to Physics Final Review (Test 2)

Second

"The entropy of an isolated system never decreases." Which Law of Thermodynamics is this?

Zeroth

"Two objects in thermal equilibrium with a third object are in thermal equilibrium with each other." Which Law of Thermodynamics is this?

True

A nozzle increases the velocity of pipe fluid flow while dropping the pressure of the fluid.

True

A reversible process can be a two way process while an irreversible process only goes one way.

the pressure inside the gun is higher than atmospheric pressure

A squirt gun is a simple type of water pump in which a plunger attached to the trigger forces water out of a nozzle and across the room. When you squeeze the trigger of the gun, water squirts out of the nozzle because

True

According to Poiseulle's law a small change in pipe diameter can cause a large change in flow rate.

False

According to the second law of thermodynamics, it is theoretically possible for an engine to have an efficiency of 100%.

False (none constant temperature)

An adiabatic process happens at a constant temperature.

200,000 Pa

Assume you have an adjustable volume container that starts out with a pressure of 100,000 Pa, a volume of 1 m3, and temperature of 300 K. If the temperature and number of particles in the container stays the same, what is the new pressure in the container if the volume is reduced to 0.5 m3?

In the plume of exhaust gas flowing out of the engine's outlet duct

At what place in or near the jet engine is gas moving the fastest relative to the flying airplane?

21.1 ºC

Convert 70 ºF to Celcius:

False (diastolic=minimum, systolic=maximum)

Diastolic blood pressure is the maximum blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure is the minimum blood pressure.

reduce drag

Dimples on a golf ball hit without spin

False (not the same value)

Gauge pressure and absolute pressure refer to the exact same value.

True

Hydraulics is one of the applications of Pascal's principle.

555.6 K

If you wanted to take a steel bar with an initial length of 1.5 m and expand it to 1.51 m just by increasing the temperature what change in temperature would be necessary to accomplish this task? (Steel α = 12×10-6 1/K)

when the air was compressed its temperature increased

In a popular classroom demonstration, a cotton ball is placed in the bottom of a strong test tube. A plunger fits inside the tube and it makes an air - tight seal. It is then pushed down very rapidly, and the cotton flashes and burns. This happens because

True

In an enclosed container when water reaches the boiling temperature at standard atmospheric pressure the water vapor and liquid water near the surface are in equilibrium.

False (flow rate and velocity are related)

In pipe flow, flow rate and velocity are not related.

True

In the attached PV diagram figure, the shaded area in between ABCD is the net work out of this theoretical Carnot Cycle.

True

One of the basic requirements of a thermometer is that it must give repeatable results within experimental error.

False (perpendicular force)

Pressure exerts a force parallel to the area over which the force is applied.

the same

Suppose you have an aquarium and you notice that you have a solid plastic decoration and a rock of about the same volume but twice as dense, and both are totally submerged in the water. The buoyant force on the plastic object is about ___________as that on the rock.

False (it uses reversible processes)

The Carnot cycle only uses irreversible processes during the entire cycle.

False (Pa)

The SI Unit for pressure is psi (pound-per square inch).

be extremely unlikely and therefore violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics

The air in this room consists of countless tiny, independent molecules. You can be sure that all the oxygen molecules will not all shift spontaneously to the other side of the room (leaving you without oxygen) because that would

False (for a given mass and constant volume of an ideal gas, the pressure exerted on the sides of its container is directly proportional to its absolute temperature)

The ideal gas law is a relationship of temperature, pressure, and momentum in a gas.

True

The lake "turnover" that occurs during the winter season in lakes/ponds is due to temperature-density variation in water.

False (not the same number)

The onset of turbulence inside a pipe and around an object in a fluid happens around the same Reynolds number.

1/16

The radius of a pipe is reduced by 1/2 while the pressure difference across the pipe remains the same. The volume flow rate of the pipe is reduced by a factor of

81

The radius of a pipe is tripled while the pressure difference across the pipe remains the same. The volume flow rate of the pipe increases by a factor of

shifts upward slightly above the normal stream level

The top surface of a calm, smoothly flowing stream is always at atmospheric pressure. As water in this stream runs into a tree stump and slows almost to a stop, the water's top surface

the pressure drag on a car increases dramatically as the car's speed increases

To set the world land speed record and travel faster than the speed of sound, the Thrust SSC vehicle used two jet engines that produced about a 250,000 horsepower. The principal reason why this car needed so much power to travel so fast is that

True

Turbulent flow is characterized by noisy chaotic mixing fluid flow.

False (expands)

When a typical solid is heated it shrinks in size.

First

Which Law of Thermodynamics relates change in internal energy to heat added to a system and work done by it?

Entropy

Which of the following quantities is not conserved?

Otto

Who invented the internal combustion engine?

the average density of the balloon became greater than the surrounding air and the buoyant force on the balloon became less than its weight

You are riding in a hot air balloon. You have not used the burner for some time and the balloon begins to sink. Assuming that no air is allowed to leave or enter the balloon,

less dense than the coffee but more dense than the air above the coffee

You stop for a cappuccino at a coffee shop and notice that the tiny white bubbles of steamed milk remain on the surface of the coffee. These air-filled bubbles stay where they are, rather than descending into the coffee or rising into the air, because they are