Intrinsic back muscles!

Proximal means?

closer to the body, relative to the insertion. It typically means ORGIN (the part of the muscle that does not move).

Levatores Costarum main actions?

elevate ribs, assisting respiration; assist with lateral flexion of vertebral column.

Erector Spinae ( Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) main action bialaterally?

extend vertebral column and head: as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction.

Semispinalis muscle action?

extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally .

Rotatores Longus and brevis distal attachment?

fibers pass superomedially to junction of lamina and transverse processes of vertebra immediately (brevis) or 2 segments superior (longus) to vertebra of attachment.

Splenius Capitis distal attachment?

fibers run superolaterally to mastiod process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nucha line of occipital bone

Interspinales distal attachment?

inferior surfaces of spinous processes of vertebra superior to vertebra of proximal attachment

Erector Spinae ( Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) main action unilaterally?

laterally flex vertebral column to that side

Interspinales proximal attachment?

superior surfaces of spinous processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae

Rotatores Longus and brevis main action?

tabalize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column; may function as organ of proprioception

Multifidus distal attachment?

thickest in lumbar region; fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire spinous processes, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment.

Longissimus distal attachment?

thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, and to mastoid process of temporal bone.

Spinalis distal attachment?

thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and cranium.

Semispinalis distal attachment?

thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments.

Levatores Costarum proximal attachment?

tips of transverse processes of C7 and T1-T11 vertebrae

Intertransversarii distal attachment?

transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae

Intertransversarii proximal attachment?

transverse processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae

Splenius Cervicis distal attachment?

tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4 vertebrae.

Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis) main actions? (unilaterally)

unilaterally: laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscle.

Erector Spinae ( Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) proximal attachment?

Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of illiac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-illiac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament.

Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis) main actions? (bilaterally)

Bilaterally: extend heasd and neck

What are the (intermediate) intrinsic back muscles?

Erector Spinae (Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis)

What three muscles make up the erector spinae?

Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

Distal means?

Insertion. part of the muscle that will move

What are the (minor deep layer) intrinsic back muscles?

Intertransversarii, Interspinales, Levatores Costarum

Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis) proximal attachment?

Nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7- T6 vertebrae

Levatores Costarum distal attachment?

Pass inferolaterally and insert on rib between tubercle angle

What are the transversospinalis muscles?

Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores brevis and longus

What are the (superficial) intrinsic back muscles?

Splenius Capitis and Splenius Cervicis

What are the (deep layer) intrinsic back muscles?

Transversospinalis (Semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores brevis/longus)

Interspinales main action?

aid in extension and rotation of vertebral column

Intertransversarii main actions?

aid in lateral flexion of vertebral column; acting bilaterally, stabilze vertebral column

Rotatores Longus and brevis proximal attachment?

arise from transverse processes of vertebrae, best developed in the thoracic region

Multifidus proximal attachment?

arises from posterior sacrum, posterior iliac spine of illium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7.

Semispinalis proximal attachment?

arises from transverse processes of C4- T12 vertebrae

Illiocostalis distal attachment?

lumborum, thoracis, cervics; fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes.

Intertransversarii nerve supply?

posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerves

Levatores Costarum nerve supply?

posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal nerves

Erector Spinae ( Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) nerve supply?

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Interspinales nerve supply?

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis) nerve supply?

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Transversospinalis nerve supply?

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Multifidus main action?

stabalizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column.