Intro. to Musculoskeletal System

A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?

An electromyography

Which of the following factors would the nurse need to keep in mind about the focus of the initial history when assessing a new client with a musculoskeletal problem?

Any chronic disorder or recent injury

The nurse is caring for a newly admitted client to an orthopedic unit. Which of the following nursing actions is helpful in reducing client anxiety? Select all that apply.

Be confident in action and instructions. Speak quietly and in simple terms. Relieve discomfort as able. Be attentive to client needs.

The nurse is providing client education on growth and development throughout the life span. When stating periods of most rapid bone growth, which period is the nurse most correct to state?

From birth through puberty

When assisting a client following an arthroscopy of the knee to a comfortable position, which standard is maintained?

Place the client's joint in a neutral position.

The nurse is planning care for a client with a musculoskeletal injury. Which nursing diagnosis would be the highest priority?

Acute Pain

A client is scheduled to have an x-ray examination of his shoulder in which the synovial fluid will be aspirated and sent to the laboratory for analysis. This will be followed by administration of a contrast medium and x-rays. The nurse understands that the client will be undergoing which of the following?

Arthrogram

The orthopedic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a fracture of the radius. When the nurse is considering all of the various types of bone fractures, which bone type is most anticipated?

Cancellous

The nurse is assessing the capillary refill on a client who has a new, lower extremity cast. Which documented finding provides the best evidence of an abnormality?

Capillary refill within 4 seconds

A client is receiving treatment for a head injury. Which of the following would the nurse do related to positioning to reduce the risk of further injury?

Elevate the client's head slightly while keeping the neck neutral.

The physician orders a 24-hour urine test for a client on a medical unit. At what time would the nurse document the start of the specimen collection?

From the time of the first morning void to 24 hours later

The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, it is noted that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?

Gout

The physician's office nurse is tracking pediatric growth data. As the nurse evaluates trends in assessment findings, which is expected?

Height increases are noted on gender specific growth charts.

The nurse is working in the emergency department interacting with clients of various disease processes and injuries. When completing a head-to-toe assessment, which standard assessment technique is most important?

Maintain standard precautions throughout the exam.

The nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency in the formation of cartilage in joints. Which essential substance is absent?

Matrix

The nurse is working on an orthopedic floor caring for a client injured in a football game. The nurse is reviewing the client's chart noting that the client has previously had an injured tendon. The nurse anticipates an injury between the periosteum of the bone and which of the following?

Muscle

A client is scheduled to undergo an electromyography. The nurse understands that this test is performed to evaluate which of the following?

Muscle weakness

The nurse is assessing the client who states a decline in muscle strength. Which is the primary source essential to allow muscle contraction?

Myofibrils

A nurse is caring for a client with an undiagnosed bone disease. When instructing on the normal process to maintain bone tissue, which process transforms osteoblasts into

Ossification and calcification

An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification?

Osteoblasts

Which nursing instruction is most important to stress when teaching on calcium intake?

Provide age-related calcium intake recommendations.

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced a crushing injury of the lower extremities. Which of the following symptoms is essential to be reported to the physician?

Pulselessness

The physician orders an opioid analgesic for a client with a traumatic injury. The nurse would monitor the client closely for which of the following as the priority?

Respiratory depression

The nurse is caring for clients with spinal deformities. Which type of deformity would the nurse prioritize as having the most significant consequences on the respiratory system?

Scoliosis

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which of the following?

Tendon

The emergency room nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?

The fracture is on the diaphysis.

A client is recovering from a fractured hip. The nurse would suggest that the client increase intake of which of the following to facilitate calcium absorption from food and supplements?

Vitamin D

A client undergoes an invasive joint examination of the knee. The nurse would closely monitor the client for which of the following?

Serous drainage

The nurse is caring for a middle-aged female client who is experiencing premenopausal symptoms. Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching?

"Bone resorption slows with aging due to a decrease in estrogen levels."

A client arrives at the orthopedic physician's office stating knee pain sustained while playing soccer. A history and physical assessment is completed. The knee appears reddened with edema. Which other diagnostic testing would the nurse anticipate?

An arthroscopy

The nurse is assessing the client following orthopedic surgery for a deep vein thrombosis. When performing this assessment, the nurse is most correct to perform which movement?

Dorsiflexion

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a health class about ways to ensure bone health, including the need for an adequate calcium intake. The participants are high school-aged girls. The nurse would encourage them to consume adequate calcium to maximize peak bone mass by which age?

30 to 35 years

The nurse is employed at a long-term care facility caring for geriatric clients. Which assessment finding is characteristic of an age-related change?

Loss of height

The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured tibia and fibula. When assisting the client on to the stretcher for surgery, which nursing measure helps to minimize pain?

Support the leg by placing a hand under the knee and under the heel.