intro to pharm (ati)

A drug that the nurse is preparing to give to a woman in her early 30s has a pregnancy category of A. The nurse knows that this drug is safe to give based on the following. Select the most appropriate description of category A.

A risk has not been documented during pregnancy.

In the order, Ferrous-Sulfate EC 325mg PO with meals. What does EC mean?

Enteric coated

The action that a drug exerts in the body is the drug's?

Expected Pharmacological Action

Official name of a drug is the drug's?

Generic name

Term used for drug tolerance associated with long-term use of opioid analgesics.

Pharmacodynamic Tolerance

The Federal government identifies some drugs as harmful if not under a providers supervision. These drugs are known as what?

Prescription drugs

he body's decreased response to a drug received over a period of time.

Tolerance

The length of time the therapeutic effect lasts without additional doses.

duration

In the order, oxycodone SR 10mg PO. What does SR mean?

sustained release

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetaminophen and codeine for pain relief. These analgesic drugs interact with one another to cause additive effects. The nurse should identify which of the following are characteristics of additive drug interactions? (SATA)

-clients can achieve desired effects with the use of lower dosages -both drugs have similar action

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a drug with a high potential for toxicity. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (SATA)

-periodic labs are essential to measure serum drug levels is correct -monitoring for indications of toxicity is important -taking the smallest dose is crucial

A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and breastfeeding. The client asks the nurse about the effects that taking over-the-counter drugs will have on her newborn. Which of the following should the nurse consider when recommending a drug for the client? (SATA)

-the newborn's weight -how much breast milk the newborn consumes each day -whether or not the benefits outweigh the risks to the newborn -the properties of the drug

a nurse is obtaining a client's health history and discovers that the client takes loratadine, an over-the-counter drug. The nurse should identify that which of the following is correct regarding the OTC drugs? (SATA)

-they do not require the supervision of a nurse -they should be included in the client's drug history assessment -they can interact with other drugs

To be knowledgeable in pharmacology with medication administration, nurses must have an understanding of which of the following? Select all that apply.

A drug's therapeutic effect A drug's adverse reactions Drug toxicity If the client receiving the drug is in a special population The drug's interactions with other drugs

. A drug that the nurse is preparing to give to a woman in her early 30s has a pregnancy category of X. The nurse knows that this drug should not be given to this client based on the following. Select the most appropriate description of category X.

Abnormalities have been documented. The risk of use in pregnant women precludes the use of the medication.

A nurse is teaching the client about adverse reactions of a drug that the client will be taking at home. Which of the following are true about Adverse Reactions? Select all that apply.

Adverse reactions are non therapeutic effects occurring at a therapeutic dose. Adverse reactions are unintended. Adverse reactions should be reported if the AR is a 1st time allergic reaction. Adverse Reactions to some drugs are known.

The nurse is explaining adverse reactions of a drug to a client. The nurse should include the following in his explanation when talking about anaphylactic shock.

Anaphylactic shock is the most severe type of Adverse Reactions

Topical drugs are drugs given by what route? Select all that apply.

Applied- to the skin applied to eye Inhaled- in to the lungs

The amount of oral drug available after passing through the liver

Bioavailability

Drug is chemically altered during metabolism.

Biotransformation

The drug builds up in the body because it cannot be metabolized and excreted before another dose is taken.

Cumulative Effect

After Biotransformation, the new form of a drug is know as? Which means it is a byproduct of metabolism.

Metabolite

What happens during the 1st Pass Effect?

The drug passes through the liver and reduces by half.

The drug is at its lowest level in the body.

Trough

A client is prescribe an opioid analgesic for seve pain to the lumbar area of his back. The client often enjoys several alcoholic drinks in the evening. The combination of the two, opioids and alcoholic, increase the effect of both. This is known as which of the following?

additive effect

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a drug. After receiving the first dose of the drug, the client experiences anaphylaxis. The nurse should identify that anaphylaxis represents which of the following results of the drug?

adverse effect

A client living with asthma also takes a cardiovascular drug with a known adverse reaction of constricting the airway. The combination of the two, causes the cardiovascular drug to block this client's Asthma drugs. This is known as which of the following?

antagonist effect

Commercial name of a drug is the drug's?

brand name

In the order, amoxicillin 250mg PO three times a day. What does PO mean?

by mouth

A nurse is teaching a client about naproxen enteric-coated tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

do not crush or chew the tab

A drug with a short half-life will need to given only once a day?

f

when reviewing a list go drugs in a drug handbook, a nurse can identify the generic name for a drug in which of the following ways?

it begins with a lower-case letter

A nurse is reviewing drugs in a. drug reference. The nurse should identify that drugs in the same class share which of the following similarities?

they have similar mechanism of actions

A nurse is caring for a client who arrived at an emergency department following a bee sting. Which of the following findings indicates an anaphylactic reaction? (SATA)

wheezing difficulty swallowing low blood pressure

Parenteral drugs are drugs given by what route? Select all that apply.

IM Sub q iv

The prototype drug in a drug category is..

The most commonly prescribe in the category

A nurse is caring for a client who is newly admitted to the facility for chest pain. At which of the following times should the nurse begin teaching about drugs and discharge planning?

as soon as possible

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. In which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the client can receive the drug?

contraindications

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of renal insufficiently and is taking lithium. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following?

drug toxicity

A nurse is speaking to a client who is taking sertraline and reports drinking grapefruit juice. The nurse explains that grapefruit juice inhibits an enzyme in liver that is uses to metabolize sertraline. The nurse should recognize the clients risks for which of the following?

drug toxicity

A nurse is caring does a client who is having difficulty remembering to take their prescribed drug three times each day. The nurse should identify which of the following alternate forms of the drug can help to promote adherence to the prescribed dosage?

extended-release tab

A good rule to follow when studying different drug categories is that two different drugs in the same category will not have same/similar therapeutic effects.

f

Organs like the liver and heart get a lower level of the drug because they have a rich blood supply.

f

nurse is providing teaching to a pregnant client who is taking captopril, and ACE inhibitor to treat hypertension. The nurse informs the client that captopril is a teratogenic drug. The nurse should explain that teratogenic drugs can which of the following.

fetal malformation

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client, In which of the following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to determine if the drug has more than one use?

indications (section provides info on conditions and diseases for which the drug is used)

A nurse is obtaining a client's health history. The client has no allergies but has experienced mild itching while taking amoxicillin in the past. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

itching can indicate a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin

A nurse is preparing to teach a client how to take care of a newly created colostomy. The nurse should identify which of the following factors can decrease the client's ability to learn. (SATA)

language barrier discomfort unreadiness to learn impaired cognitive level

The amount of time for there to be a therapeutic response.*

onset

he amount of time it takes the full therapeutic effect to occur.

peak

A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed an antidepressant based on its ability to prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters. The nurse should identify which of the following terms describes why this drug was prescribed for the client?

pharmacologic action

A nurse reviews a drug handbook prior to administering a drug to a client who has kidney disease. The handbook states that the drug to a client who has kidney disease. The handbook states that the drug can be administered but identifies certain risks. Which of the following terms describes these risk?

precautions

A client is taking Aspirin (NSAID) and warfarin (anticoagulant). Both drugs can cause excessive bleeding and when taken together, one drug and increases the effect of the other. This is known as which of the following?

synergist

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving nitroglycerin IV and is switching to the oral form of the drug. The nurse should identify that the oral dose will be higher than the IV dose for which of the following reasons?

the oral form has decreased bioavailability because of the first- pass effect

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking diphenhydramine for insomnia and reports drowsiness. The nurse should identify that drowsiness indicates which of the following?

therapeutic effect

A nurse is teaching a client who has a persecution for a drug that has a receptor agonist effect. Which of the following info should the nurse include in the teaching?

this will increase the effects of the normal cellular function

How is a drug excreted from our bodies? Select all that apply

through the kidneys Through the GI tract Through the skin Through the lungs

A nurse is preparing to teach a client about a newly prescribed drug. Prior to providing teaching, the nurse should review the precautions section of a drug handbook for which of the following reasons?

to determine if dosage modification is indicated

The lowest therapeutic dose of the drug should be taken to avoid this?

toxicity

Clients on anticoagulant therapy, should use causation when drinking Chamomile tea. Chamomile tea as the possibility of causing excessive bleeding in patients taking oral anticoagulants

true