INTRO TO PROGRAMMING

arithmic-logic unit

(ALU) performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers)

Main Memory (RAM)

-Holds all data and instructions for all the programs

What does the CPU include?

-Retrieves and decodes program instructions -Coordinates computer operations

The ________ coordinates the computer's operations by fetching the next instruction and using control signals to regulate the other major computer components.

Control unt

True/False: The purpose of the compiler is to convert object code into source code.

False

An integrated development environment (IDE) normally includes

Text compiler debugger

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The internal operating unit or "brain" of a computer.

The term hardware refers to

The physical components of a computer.

CPU'S roll for running a program?

To Fetch To Decode To Execute

The purpose of a memory address is:

To identify the location of a byte in memory

True/False: Although an object file contains machine language instructions, it is not a complete program. Because prewritten code from the run-time libraries must be added to the object code by the linker, and then an executable file is created.

True

True/False: Key words, programmer-defined symbols, operators, punctuation, and syntax are common to all programming languages.

True

True/False: Most of the lines in a program contain something meaningful; however, some of the lines may contain nothing at all.

True

True/False: Program specifications, charts and diagrams of screen output, hierarchy charts and pseudocode are some of the tools used in the craft of software engineering.

True

C++ is an example of

a high level programming language

Even when there is no power to the computer, data can be held in

a secondary storage device

volatile

erased when program terminates (Random Access Memory)

At the heart of a computer is its central processing unit. The CPU's job is to

fetch instructions carry out the operations commanded by the instructions produce some results

Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are

operators

A(n) ________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem.

program

Creating a program requires many steps. Three of these are

program design writing source testing

________ is/are used in a C++ program to mark the beginning or ending of a statement, or to separate items in a list.

punctuation

The statements written by a programmer are called

source code

Internally, the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two parts

the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and the control unit

Bit (binary digit)

the smallest element of data has a value of either 0 or 1

Memory locations that can hold data are called

variables

Word

4 consecutive bytes

Byte

8 bits has a address

Two examples of high-level programming languages are

C++ Java Visual Basic

Which of the following is an example of a secondary storage device?

CD USB flash drive

fetch

Get the next main program instruction from main memory

IDE stands for

Integrated Development Environment

Decode

Interpret the instruction and generate a signal

The computer's main memory is commonly known as

RAM

is an example of volatile memory, used for temporary storage while a program is running.

RAM

Execute

Route the signal to the appropriate component to preform an operation

A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as

an algorithm