INTRO TO PROGRAMMING
arithmic-logic unit
(ALU) performs all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers)
Main Memory (RAM)
-Holds all data and instructions for all the programs
What does the CPU include?
-Retrieves and decodes program instructions -Coordinates computer operations
The ________ coordinates the computer's operations by fetching the next instruction and using control signals to regulate the other major computer components.
Control unt
True/False: The purpose of the compiler is to convert object code into source code.
False
An integrated development environment (IDE) normally includes
Text compiler debugger
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The internal operating unit or "brain" of a computer.
The term hardware refers to
The physical components of a computer.
CPU'S roll for running a program?
To Fetch To Decode To Execute
The purpose of a memory address is:
To identify the location of a byte in memory
True/False: Although an object file contains machine language instructions, it is not a complete program. Because prewritten code from the run-time libraries must be added to the object code by the linker, and then an executable file is created.
True
True/False: Key words, programmer-defined symbols, operators, punctuation, and syntax are common to all programming languages.
True
True/False: Most of the lines in a program contain something meaningful; however, some of the lines may contain nothing at all.
True
True/False: Program specifications, charts and diagrams of screen output, hierarchy charts and pseudocode are some of the tools used in the craft of software engineering.
True
C++ is an example of
a high level programming language
Even when there is no power to the computer, data can be held in
a secondary storage device
volatile
erased when program terminates (Random Access Memory)
At the heart of a computer is its central processing unit. The CPU's job is to
fetch instructions carry out the operations commanded by the instructions produce some results
Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are
operators
A(n) ________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem.
program
Creating a program requires many steps. Three of these are
program design writing source testing
________ is/are used in a C++ program to mark the beginning or ending of a statement, or to separate items in a list.
punctuation
The statements written by a programmer are called
source code
Internally, the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two parts
the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and the control unit
Bit (binary digit)
the smallest element of data has a value of either 0 or 1
Memory locations that can hold data are called
variables
Word
4 consecutive bytes
Byte
8 bits has a address
Two examples of high-level programming languages are
C++ Java Visual Basic
Which of the following is an example of a secondary storage device?
CD USB flash drive
fetch
Get the next main program instruction from main memory
IDE stands for
Integrated Development Environment
Decode
Interpret the instruction and generate a signal
The computer's main memory is commonly known as
RAM
is an example of volatile memory, used for temporary storage while a program is running.
RAM
Execute
Route the signal to the appropriate component to preform an operation
A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as
an algorithm
