Introduction to software engineering CH.5
few agile developers feel comfortable with model-driven engineering. (T/F)
true
graphical notation, is now almost always based on notations in the Unified Modeling Language (UML). (T/F)
true
it is possible, in principle, to generate a working program without manual intervention.(T/F)
true
Models for abstraction and not necessarily right for implementation. one of cons( سلبيات)of : A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
___________is a link between classes that indicates that there is some relationship between these classes. A-object class B-association C-none of the above
B
________________are used to model a system's behavior in response to internal or external events. A-Activity diagrams. B-State diagrams. C-system diagrams.
b
Generating code automatically means that it is cheaper to adapt systems to new platforms.(T/F)
true
Many business systems are data-processing systems that are primarily driven by data(T/F)
true
Generalization is an everyday technique that we use to manage complexity. (T/F)
true
If transformations can be completely automated and a complete program generated from a PIM, then, in principle, MDA could be used in an agile development process as no separate coding would be required. (T/F)
true
In a generalization, the attributes and operations associated with higher-level classes are also associated with the lower-level classes. (T/F)
true
In modeling systems, it is often useful to examine the classes in a system to see if there is scope for generalization(T/F)
true
As a means of facilitating discussion about an existing or proposed system one of the following is correct: A-Incomplete and incorrect models are OK as their role is to support discussion. B-Models should be an accurate representation of the system but need not be complete. C-Models have to be both correct and complete.
A
Models of the existing system: A-They help clarify what the existing system does and can be used as a basis for discussing its strengths and weaknesses. B-help explain the proposed requirements to other system stakeholders C-it is possible to generate a complete or partial system implementation from the system model.
A
Savings from generating code may be outweighed by the costs of developing translators for new platforms.one of cons( سلبيات)of : A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
A
_________These model the important domain abstractions used in a system. ___________are sometimes called domain models. A-computation independent model (CIM). B-A platform independent model (PIM). C-Platform specific models (PSM).
A
___________ models simply show the other systems in the environment, not how the system being developed is used in that environment. A-context models B-Process models C-system models
A
___________,arrives that has to be processed by the system. A-Data B-Events C-none of the above
A
___________Allows systems to be considered at higher levels of abstraction. A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
A
_____________ shows the sequence of interactions that take place during a particular use case or use case instance. A-Sequence diagrams B-system diagrams. C-software diagrams
A
_____________,where you model the interactions between a system and its environment, or between the components of a system. A-interaction perspective B-structural perspective C-External perspective D-behavioral perspective
A
______________ are part of the UML and are used to model the interactions between the actors and the objects within a system. A-Sequence diagrams B-system diagrams. C-software diagrams
A
______________ are used to illustrate the operational context of a system - they show what lies outside the system boundaries. A-Context models B-Architectural models C-none of the above
A
________________may be used to model the processing of data, where each activity represents one process step. A-Activity diagrams. B-State diagrams. C-system diagrams.
A
______________are similar to the part-of relationship in semantic data models. A- aggregation model B-Process models C-Behavioral models
A
______________is important as it helps to identify user requirements. A-Modeling user interaction B-Modeling system-to-system interaction C-Modeling component interaction
A
______________shows how classes that are collections are composed of other classes. A- aggregation model B-Process models C-structural models
A
____________identify the principal concerns in a system. They are defined using UML class diagrams and include objects, attributes and associations. A-domain models. B-class models. C-state models.
A
____________may be used to define business process models. A-UML activity diagrams. B-process models C-system models
A
___________can be thought of as a general definition of one kind of system object. A-object class B-association C-none of the above
A
____________ are used when developing an object-oriented system model to show the classes in a system and the associations between these classes. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class Diagrams
D
_____________,where you model the dynamic behavior of the system and how it responds to events. A-interaction perspective B-structural perspective C-External perspective D-behavioral perspective
D
______________, which show how the system reacts to internal and external events. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-State diagrams
D
______________, which show the object classes in the system and the associations between these classes. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class Diagrams
D
Actors in a use case may be people or other systems. (T/F)
true
Defining a system boundary is a political judgment There may be pressures to develop system boundaries that increase / decrease the influence or workload of different parts of an organization. (T/F)
true
In object-oriented languages, such as Java, generalization is implemented using the class inheritance mechanisms built into the language.(T/F)
true
Models at different levels of abstraction are created. From a high-level(T/F)
true
Proponents of MDE argue that this raises the level of abstraction in software engineering so that engineers no longer have to be concerned with programming language details or the specifics of execution platforms. (T/F)
true
Social and organisational concerns may affect the decision on where to position system boundaries.(T/F)
true
System modelling helps the analyst to understand the functionality of the system and models are used to communicate with customers. (T/F)
true
The developers of MDA claim that it is intended to support an iterative approach to development and so can be used within agile methods.(T/F)
true
The dynamic behavior of the system may be specified declaratively using the object constraint language (OCL), or may be expressed using UML's action language. (T/F)
true
The lower-level classes are subclasses inherit the attributes and operations from their superclasses. These lower-level classes then add more specific attributes and operations. (T/F)
true
The position of the system boundary has a profound effect on the system requirements. (T/F)
true
The programs that execute on a hardware/software platform are then generated automatically from the models. (T/F)
true
To create an executable subset of UML, the number of model types has therefore been dramatically reduced to 3 key types(T/F)
true
Use case diagrams and sequence diagrams may be used for interaction modeling. (T/F)
true
Use cases were developed originally to support requirements elicitation and now incorporated into the UML.(T/F)
true
______________describe interactions between a system and external actors. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-B+C
B
(Incomplete) and (incorrect) models are (OK) as their role is to support discussion. (T/F)
true
. Engineers use _________ models to discuss design proposals and to document the system for implementation. A-Models of the existing systems. B-Models of the new system. C-A+B
B
As a way of documenting an existing system one of the following is correct: A-Incomplete and incorrect models are OK as their role is to support discussion. B-Models should be an accurate representation of the system but need not be complete. C-Models have to be both correct and complete.
B
Models of the new system: A-They help clarify what the existing system does and can be used as a basis for discussing its strengths and weaknesses. B-help explain the proposed requirements to other system stakeholders C-it is possible to generate a complete or partial system implementation from the system model.
B
_____________,where you model the organization of a system or the structure of the data that is processed by the system. A-interaction perspective B-structural perspective C-External perspective D-behavioral perspective
B
______________interaction highlights the communication problems that may arise. A-Modeling user interaction B-Modeling system-to-system interaction C-Modeling component interaction
B
____________in which classes are defined, along with their attributes and operations. A-domain models. B-class models. C-state models.
B
____________models reveal how the system being developed is used in broader business processes. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
B
As a detailed system description that can be used to generate a system implementation one of the following is correct: A-Incomplete and incorrect models are OK as their role is to support discussion. B-Models should be an accurate representation of the system but need not be complete. C-Models have to be both correct and complete.
C
_____________,where you model the context or environment of the system. A-interaction perspective B-structural perspective C-External perspective D-behavioral perspective
C
______________They show what happens or what is supposed to happen when a system responds to a stimulus from its environment. A- aggregation model B-Process models C-Behavioral models
C
______________helps us understand if a proposed system structure is likely to deliver the required system performance and dependability. A-Modeling user interaction B-Modeling system-to-system interaction C-Modeling component interaction
C
__________ used to describe the interactions between users and systems in the system being designed. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-B+C
D
________ architecture was the precursor of more general model-driven engineering: A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
___________ show how a system that is being modeled is positioned in an environment with other systems and processes. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
a
___________-focused approach to software design and implementation that uses a subset of UML models to describe a system. A-Model-driven arch B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
______________, which show the activities involved in a process or in data processing . A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class Diagrams
a
______________are established to define what is inside and what is outside the system. _____________They show other systems that are used or depend on the system being developed. A-system boundaries B-software boundaries C-driven-model boundaries
a
_____________engineering is an approach to software development where models rather than programs are the principal outputs of the development process. A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
_____________engineering is still at an early stage of development, and it is unclear whether or not it will have a significant effect on software engineering practice. A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
_____________show system states as nodes and events as arcs between these nodes. When an event occurs, the system moves from one state to another. A-State machine models B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
__________are used to describe the ____________of an executing system. This behavior can be modeled from the perspective of the data processed by the system, or by the events that stimulate responses from a system. A-Behavioral models , dynamic models B-dynamic models,Behavioral models C-all
a
__________engineering is an approach to software development in which a system is represented as a set of models that can be automatically transformed to executable code. A-Model-driven B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
a
_________are an integral part of the UML and are used to represent state machine models. A-state charts B-static charts C-statistic charts
a
_________,They are particularly useful during the analysis of requirements as they can be used to show end-to-end processing in a system. A-waterfall model B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
b
___________,event happens that triggers system processing. Events may have associated data, although this is not always the case. A-Data B-Events C-none of the above
b
_____________These model the operation of the system without reference to its implementation. The ___________is usually described using UML models that show the static system structure and how it responds to external and internal events. A-computation independent model (CIM). B-A platform independent model (PIM). C-Platform specific models (PSM).
b
______________, which show the interactions between a system and its environment. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class Diagrams
b
_________________ show the system and its relationship with other systems. A-Context models B-Architectural models C-none of the above
b
___________models show the sequence of actions involved in processing input data and generating an associated output. A-waterfall model B-data-driven model C-none of the above
b
In a _____________ engineering process, it is possible to generate a complete or partial system implementation from the system model. A-Software B-System C-model-driven
c
Real-time systems are often ___________, with minimal data processing. A-waterfall model B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
c
The fundamental notion behind model-driven engineering is that completely automated transformation of models to code should be possible. This is possible using a subset of UML 2, called ? A-Executable Uml B-xUML C-A+B
c
You create _____________of a system when you are discussing and designing the system architecture. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
c
_______ of software display the organization of a system in terms of the components that make up that system and their relationships. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
c
_________These are transformations of the platform-independent model with a separate ________for each application platform. In principle, there may be layers of _________, with each layer adding some platform-specific detail. A-computation independent model (CIM). B-A platform independent model (PIM). C-Platform specific models (PSM).
c
___________ show the organization and architecture of a system. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
c
______________, which show interactions between actors and the system and between system components. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class Diagrams
c
______________add more information to these by showing interactions between system objects. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-B+C
c
______________are models of the dynamic behavior of a system as it is executing. A- aggregation model B-Process models C-Behavioral models
c
____________in which a state diagram is associated with each class and is used to describe the life cycle of the class. A-domain models. B-class models. C-state models.
c
___________may be static models, which show the structure of the system design, or dynamic models, which show the organization of the system when it is executing. A-context models B-Process models C-structural models
c
___________modeling shows how a system responds to external and internal events. A-waterfall model B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
c
landline phone switching system responds to events such as 'receiver off hook' bygenerating a dial tone. is an example of ?: A-waterfall model B-data-driven model C-event-driven model
c
A model is : A-an abstract view of a system that ignores system details. B-Complementary system models can be developed to show the system's context, interactions, structure and behavior. C-used to describe the interactions between users and systems in the system being designed D-A+B
d
State machine models : A-the behaviour of the system in response to external and internal events B-show the system's responses to stimuli so are often used for modelling real-time systems. C-show system states as nodes and events as arcs between these nodes D-All
d
System modeling : A-is the process of developing abstract models of a system. B-helps the analyst to understand the functionality of the system C-has now come to mean representing a system using some kind of graphical notation. D-All is correct
d
__________are used to define the static structure of classes in a system and their associations. A-Activity diagrams B-Use case diagrams C-Sequence diagrams D-Class diagrams
d