IS 456 - Final
Tonya is working with a team of subject matter experts to diagnose a problem with her system. The experts determine that the problem likely resides at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Which technology is the most likely suspect?
encryption
How many years of post-secondary education are typically required to earn a bachelor's degree in a non-accelerated program?
four
Which term accurately describes Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?
network
Adam discovers a virus on his system that is using encryption to modify itself. The virus escapes detection by signature-based antivirus software. What type of virus has he discovered?
polymorphic virus
Breanne's system was infected by malicious code after she installed an innocent-looking solitaire game that she downloaded from the Internet. What type of malware did she likely encounter?
trojan horse
What is NOT a typical sign of virus activity on a system
unexpected power failures
Which control is NOT an example of a fault tolerance technique designed to avoid interruptions that would cause downtime?
warm site
Nancy performs a full backup of her server every Sunday at 1 A.M. and differential backups on Mondays through Fridays at 1 A.M. Her server fails at 9 A.M. Wednesday. How many backups does Nancy need to restore?
2
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the exposure factor?
20 percent
Matthew captures traffic on his network and notices connections using ports 20, 22, 23, and 80. Which port normally hosts a protocol that uses secure, encrypted connections?
22
What ISO security standard can help guide the creation of an organization's security policy?
27002
What series of Special Publications does the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produce that covers information systems security activities?
800
Which security control is most helpful in protecting against eavesdropping on wireless LAN (WLAN) data transmissions that would jeopardize confidentiality?
Applying strong encryption
What is NOT one of the four main purposes of an attack?
Data import
What is a key principle of risk management programs?
Don't spend more to protect an asset than it is worth.
Beth must purchase firewalls for several network circuits used by her organization. Which one circuit will have the highest possible network throughput?
False
In the Remote Access Domain, if private data or confidential data is compromised remotely, you should set automatic blocking for attempted logon retries.
False
Service-level agreements (SLAs) are optical backbone trunks for private optical backbone networks.
False
The weakest link in the security of an IT infrastructure is the server
False
Which one of the following is NOT a good technique for performing authentication of an end user?
Identification number
Brian needs to design a control that prevents piggybacking, only allowing one person to enter a facility at a time. What type of control would best meet this need?
Mantraps
A security awareness program that focuses on an organization's Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy is designed to cover the use of what type of equipment?
Personally owned devices
Violet deploys an intrusion prevention system (IPS) on her network as a security control. What type of control has Violet deployed?
Preventive
Alan is the security manager for a mid-sized business. The company has suffered several serious data losses when mobile devices were stolen. Alan decides to implement full disk encryption on all mobile devices. What risk response did Alan take?
Reduce
What term describes the risk that exists after an organization has performed all planned countermeasures and controls?
Residual risk
Bob is developing a web application that depends upon a database backend. What type of attack could a malicious individual use to send commands through his web application to the database?
SQL injection
What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4012?
Senior System Manager
Gwen is investigating an attack. An intruder managed to take over the identity of a user who was legitimately logged into Gwen's company's website by manipulating Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers. Which type of attack likely took place?
Session hijacking
Joe is responsible for the security of the industrial control systems for a power plant. What type of environment does Joe administer?
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
For businesses and organizations under recent compliance laws, data classification standards typically include private, confidential, internal use only, and public domain categories.
True
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used for network device monitoring, alarm, and performance.
True
The director of IT security is generally in charge of ensuring that the Workstation Domain conforms to policy.
True
Adam is evaluating the security of a web server before it goes live. He believes that an issue in the code allows an SQL injection attack against the server. What term describes the issue that Adam discovered?
Vulnerability
Allie is working on the development of a web browser and wants to make sure that the browser correctly implements the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) standard. What organization's documentation should she turn to for the authoritative source of information?
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Mary is designing a software component that will function at the Presentation Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. What other two layers of the model will her component need to interact with?
application and session
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the annualized loss expectancy (ALE)?
$20,000
How many domains of knowledge are covered by the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) exam?
8
Juan's web server was down for an entire day last September. It experienced no other downtime during that month. Which one of the following represents the web server uptime for that month?
96.67%
Howard is leading a project to commission a new information system that will be used by a federal government agency. He is working with senior officials to document and accept the risk of operation prior to allowing use. What step of the risk management framework is Howard completing?
Authorize the IT system for processing.
Which of the following Cisco certifications demonstrates the most advanced level of security knowledge?
Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) Security
Larry recently viewed an auction listing on a website. As a result, his computer executed code that popped up a window that asked for his password. What type of attack has Larry likely encountered?
Cross-site scripting (XSS)
What program, released in 2013, is an example of ransomware?
Crypt0L0cker
Which network device is capable of blocking network connections that are identified as potentially malicious?
Intrusion prevention system
Which one of the following measures the average amount of time that it takes to repair a system, application, or component?
Mean time to repair (MTTR)
Which data source comes first in the order of volatility when conducting a forensic investigation?
RAM
What entity is responsible for overseeing compliance with Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?
Family Policy Compliance Office (FPCO)
What is NOT a common motivation for attackers?
Fear
Erin is a system administrator for a federal government agency. What law contains guidance on how she may operate a federal information system?
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
Rachel is investigating an information security incident that took place at the high school where she works. She suspects that students may have broken into the student records system and altered their grades. If correct, which one of the tenets of information security did this attack violate?
Integrity
Which organization created a standard version of the widely used C programming language in 1989?
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
During what phase of a remote access connection does the end user prove his or her claim of identity?
Authentication
What certification focuses on information systems audit, control, and security professionals?
Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)
Which of the following certifications is considered the flagship Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC)2 certification and the gold standard for information security professionals?
Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)
Cryptography is the process of transforming data from cleartext into ciphertext.
False
Which type of virus targets computer hardware and software startup functions?
System infector
Which term describes any action that could damage an asset?
Threat
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the communications protocol between web browsers and websites with data in cleartext.
True
Networks, routers, and equipment require continuous monitoring and management to keep wide area network (WAN) service available.
True
What tool might be used by an attacker during the reconnaissance phase of an attack to glean information about domain registrations?
Whois
What type of system is intentionally exposed to attackers in an attempt to lure them out?
honeypot
Which recovery site option provides readiness in minutes to hours?
hot site
Tim is implementing a set of controls designed to ensure that financial reports, records, and data are accurately maintained. What information security goal is Tim attempting to achieve?
integrity
Alison retrieved data from a company database containing personal information on customers. When she looks at the SSN field, she sees values that look like this: "XXX-XX-9142." What has happened to these records?
masking
What level of academic degree requires the shortest period of time to earn and does NOT require any other postsecondary degree as a prerequisite?
Associate's degree
Richard would like to earn a certification that demonstrates his ability to manage the information security function. What certification would be most appropriate for Richard?
Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
Which of the following certifications cannot be used to satisfy the security credential requirements for the advanced Certified Internet Webmaster (CIW) certifications?
Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
Federal agencies are required to name a senior official in charge of information security. What title is normally given to these individuals?
Chief information security officer (CISO)
Betty visits a local library with her young children. She notices that someone using a computer terminal in the library is visiting pornographic websites. What law requires that the library filter offensive web content for minors?
Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
Rod has been a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) for 10 years. He would like to earn an advanced certification that demonstrates his ability in information security architecture. Which of the following CISSP concentrations would meet Rod's needs?
CiSSP-ISSAP
What is NOT a common endpoint for a virtual private network (VPN) connection used for remote network access?
Content Filter
Kim is the risk manager for a large organization. She is evaluating whether the organization should purchase a fire suppression system. She consulted a variety of subject matter experts and determined that there is a 1 percent chance that a fire will occur in a given year. If a fire occurred, it would likely cause $2 million in damage to the facility, which has a $10 million value. Given this scenario, what is the single loss expectancy (SLE)?
$2,000,000
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Colin is a software developer. He would like to earn a credential that demonstrates to employers that he is well educated on software security issues. What certification would be most suitable for this purpose?
Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)
Jonas is an experienced information security professional with a specialized focus on evaluating computers for evidence of criminal or malicious activity and recovering data. Which GIAC certification would be most appropriate for Jonas to demonstrate his abilities?
GIAC Certified Forensic Examiner (GCFE)
Which element of the security policy framework offers suggestions rather than mandatory actions?
Guideline
Bill is conducting an analysis of a new IT service. He would like to assess it using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and would like to learn more about this framework. What organization should he turn to for the official definition of OSI?
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
What federal agency is charged with the mission of promoting "U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life?"
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Taylor is preparing to submit her company's Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)self-assessment questionnaire. The company uses a payment application that is connected to the Internet but does not conduct e-commerce. What self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) should she use?
SAQ C
Donna is building a security awareness program designed to meet the requirements of the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) 3.2. How often must she conduct training for all current employees?
annually
Jim is an experienced security professional who recently accepted a position in an organization that uses Check Point firewalls. What certification can Jim earn to demonstrate his ability to administer these devices?
CCSA
Bobbi recently discovered that an email program used within her healthcare practice was sending sensitive medical information to patients without using encryption. She immediately corrected the problem because it violated the company's security policy and standard rules. What level of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) violation likely took place?
Tier A
Which classification level is the highest level used by the U.S. federal government?
Top Secret
Purchasing an insurance policy is an example of the ____________ risk management strategy.
Transfer
A IT security policy framework is like an outline that identifies where security controls should be used.
True
A VPN router is a security appliance that is used to filter IP packets
True
Access control lists (ACLs) are used to permit and deny traffic in an IP router.
True
Authorization is the process of granting rights to use an organization's IT assets, systems, applications, and data to a specific user.
True
Encrypting the data within databases and storage devices gives an added layer of security.
True
Organizations should start defining their IT security policy framework by defining an asset classification policy.
True
The System/Application Domain holds all the mission-critical systems, applications, and data.
True
The asset protection policy defines an organization's data classification standard.
True
How many years of specialized experience are required to earn one of the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) concentrations?
Two
Which one of the following is typically used during the identification phase of a remote access connection?
Username
Val would like to limit the websites that her users visit to those on an approved list of pre-cleared sites. What type of approach is Val advocating?
Whitelisting
________ refers to a program of study approved by the State Department of Education in the state that a school operates.
accredited
__________ is a continuous process designed to keep all personnel vigilant.
awareness
Alison discovers that a system under her control has been infected with malware, which is using a key logger to report user keystrokes to a third party. What information security property is this malware attacking?
confidentiality
Forensics and incident response are examples of __________ controls.
corrective
Which element is NOT a core component of the ISO 27002 standard?
cryptography
Alan withdraws cash from an ATM belonging to Bank X that is coming from his account with Bank Y. What is Alan's relationship with Bank Y?
customer
A(n) _________ is an event that prevents a critical business function (CBF) from operating for a period greater than the maximum tolerable downtime.
diaster
What type of security communication effort focuses on a common body of knowledge?
education
Which unit of measure represents frequency and is expressed as the number of cycles per second?
hertz
Which of the following study options provides little to no opportunity for feedback?
self-study programs
Which risk is most effectively mitigated by an upstream Internet service provider (ISP)?
Distributed denial of service (DDoS)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) encrypts data transfers between secure browsers and secure web pages.
False
Bob recently accepted a position as the information security and compliance manager for a medical practice. Which regulation is likely to most directly apply to Bob's employer?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Gary is troubleshooting a security issue on an Ethernet network and would like to look at the Ethernet standard. What publication should he seek out?
IEEE 802.3
What organization offers a variety of security certifications that are focused on the requirements of auditors?
ISACA
Juan comes across documentation from his organization related to several information security initiatives using different standards as their reference. Which International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard provides current guidance on information security management?
ISO 27002
Adam's company recently suffered an attack where hackers exploited an SQL injection issue on their web server and stole sensitive information from a database. What term describes this activity?
Incident
Fran is interested in learning more about the popular Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) credential. What organization should she contact?
International Council of E-Commerce Consultants (EC-Council)
Which organization promotes technology issues as an agency of the United Nations?
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Which of the following graduate degree programs focuses on managing the process of securing information systems, rather than the technical aspects of information security?
MBA
Helen is an experienced information security professional who earned a four-year degree while a full-time student. She would like to continue her studies on a part-time basis. What is the next logical degree for Helen to earn?
Master's degree
What term describes the longest period of time that a business can survive without a particular critical system?
Maximum tolerable downtime (MTD)
Brian would like to conduct a port scan against his systems to determine how they look from an attacker's viewpoint. What tool can he use for this purpose?
Nmap
Which mitigation plan is most appropriate to limit the risk of unauthorized access to workstations?
Password Protection
Which element of the security policy framework requires approval from upper management and applies to the entire organization?
Policy
Chris is writing a document that provides step-by-step instructions for end users seeking to update the security software on their computers. Performing these updates is mandatory. Which type of document is Chris writing?
Procedure
What type of organizations are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act?
Publicly traded companies
Beth is conducting a risk assessment. She is trying to determine the impact a security incident will have on the reputation of her company. What type of risk assessment is best suited to this type of analysis?
Qualitative
What type of malicious software allows an attacker to remotely control a compromised computer?
Remote Access Tool (RAT)
Which of the following is NOT one of the rights afforded to students (or the parents of a minor student) under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)?
Right to delete unwanted information from records
What type of security role is covered by the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Training Standard CNSS-4016?
Risk Analysts
Helen has no experience in security. She would like to earn a certification that demonstrates that she has the basic knowledge necessary to work in the information security field. What certification would be an appropriate first step for her?
Security+
The CEO of Kelly's company recently fell victim to an attack. The attackers sent the CEO an email informing him that his company was being sued and he needed to view a subpoena at a court website. When visiting the website, malicious code was downloaded onto the CEO's computer. What type of attack took place?
Spear phishing
Which element of the IT security policy framework provides detailed written definitions for hardware and software and how they are to be used?
Standard
What is NOT an area where the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) provides oversight on behalf of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?
Subject matter expertise on routing and switching
Ben is working toward a position as a senior security administrator and would like to earn his first International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc. (ISC)2 certification. Which certification is most appropriate for his needs?
Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)
What type of malware does NOT have an anti-malware solution and should be covered in security awareness training?
zero-day
