ISM Ch. 4 & 6The CPU stores the results of computations in ________.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about self-driving cars?

reduced car insurance cost

Which of the following is a characteristic of smart devices?

require microprocessors and new protocols

Which of the following terms refers to a collection of servers?

server farm

________ is installed into special, read-only memory of devices like printers and print servers or devices used for various types of communication.

Firmware

10 PB is equivalent to ________ terabytes.

1024

Which of the following mobile operating systems is licensed by Google?

Android

________ is the altering of reality by overlaying digital information on real-world objects.

Augmented reality (AR)

Which of the following is a characteristic of volatile memory?

Contents are lost when power is off.

Mac OS and iOS applications are constructed using ________ programming language.

Objective-C

Which of the following statements is TRUE about firmware?

Users do not need to load firmware into a device's memory.

________ are large-scale high-speed centralized computers, used for internal corporate data processing needs.

mainframes

A ________ is equivalent to 1,024 kilobytes.

megabyte

Which of the following is an example of an application program?

microsoft word

Cloud-based hosting is the ideal choice for organizations that are required by law to have physical control over their data.

F

Compared to in-house hosting, cloud-based hosting ________.

minimizes the risk of investing in technology that will soon become obsolete

A ________ is a small, lightweight, power-conserving, computing device that is capable of wireless connectivity.

mobile device

Users in motion, wireless connectivity, and a cloud-based resource are the elements in a ________.

mobile system

________ applications are programs that are written to use a particular operating system.

native

Which of the following is a characteristic of cloud-based hosting?

no obsolescence

Java, C#, and VB.NET are examples of ________.

object-oriented languages

Virtualization is the process by which ________.

one physical computer hosts many different virtual computers within it

Linux is an example of a(n) ________.

open source operating system

Which of the following devices is an example of a storage hardware device?

optical disk

Which of the following is an example of nonvolatile memory

optical disk

Cloud resources are ________ because many different organizations use the same physical hardware.

pooled

Main memory is also known as ________.

random access memory

In cloud computing, resources are said to be "pooled" because organizations ________.

share the same physical hardware through virtualization

________ is the combination of the real physical world with interactive virtual images or objects.

Mixed reality (MR)

Reed Technologies has hired certified programmers to create an application for its Web site. The application would run inside a browser and support graphics and animation. Which of the following will the programmers use to develop this application?

HTML5

Describe the various hardware components and provide examples.

Hardware consists of electronic components and related gadgetry that input, process, output, and store data according to instructions encoded in computer programs or software. Processing devices include the central processing unit (CPU), which is also called the brain of the computer. The CPU works in conjunction with main memory. The CPU reads data and instructions from memory, and then stores the results of computations in main memory. Main memory is also called RAM, which stands for random access memory. Storage hardware saves data and programs. Magnetic disk is the most common storage device, although optical disks such as CDs and DVDs are also popular. Thumb drives are small, portable storage devices that can be used to back up data and transfer it from one computer to another.

Which of the following hardware developments allow objects to connect to a network and share data with any other application, service, or device?

Internet of things (IoT)

Which of the following characteristics is a disadvantage of cloud-based hosting?

It involves high dependency on vendor.

Carter is the Web designer for an open source project. He has created a program that facilitates the easy collation of data for a large-scale logistics firm. Which of the following is TRUE of the source code for Carter's program?

It is available to the public.

Android applications are developed using ________ programming language.

Java

Linux applications are developed using ________ programming language.

Java

________ is a version of Unix that was developed by an open source community.

Linux

Which of the following operating systems was designed by Apple?

Mac OS

Which of the following is an example of a closed source project?

Microsoft Office

Which of the following statements is TRUE about operating systems?

Nonmobile client operating systems are used on personal computers.

Rebecca is one of the few reliable programmers of her organization who is authorized to work on a closed source project. The project will be especially useful to track the progress of outsourced activities. Which of the following statements is most likely to be TRUE of Rebecca's project?

Only trusted programmers will be allowed to make changes to the project.

Ronald runs both Windows 10 and Linux on his desktop computer. This process is called ________.

PC virtualization

The process by which a personal computer hosts several different operating systems is known as ________.

PC virtualization

Define the terms personal computers, servers, and server farms.

Personal computers (PCs) are classic computing devices that are used by individuals. In the past, PCs were the primary computer used in business. Today, they are gradually being supplanted by tablets and other mobile devices. A server is a computer that is designed to support processing requests from many remote computers and users. A server is essentially a PC on steroids. A server differs from a PC principally because of what it does. A server farm is a collection of, typically, thousands of servers. Server farms are often placed in large truck trailers that hold 5,000 servers or more. Typically, a trailer has two large cables coming out of it; one is for power and the other is for data communications. The operator of the farm backs a trailer into a pre-prepared slab, plugs in the power and communications cables, and runs thousands of servers.

The cloud is defined as the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet.

T

Describe the difference between volatile and nonvolatile memory.

The cache and main memory are volatile, meaning their contents are lost when power is off. Magnetic and optical disks are nonvolatile, meaning their contents survive when power is off. If you suddenly lose power, the contents of unsaved memory-say, documents that have been altered-will be lost.

Which of the following is an advantage to an organization if its bring your own device (BYOD) policy offers wireless network to mobile devices?

The organization can sniff employees' mobile traffic.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about native applications?

They only run on the operating system for which they are programmed

Which of the following refers to a small, portable storage device that can be used to back up data and transfer it from one computer to another?

USB flash drive

Which of the following is an example of an open-source desktop operating system?

Ubuntu

________ is a completely computer-generated virtual world with interactive digital objects.

Virtual reality (VR)

Which of the following statements refers to server virtualization?

a server computer that hosts one or more other server computers

Which of the following is an example of a mobile device?

a smartphone

Melissa is a senior accountant at a consulting firm. She brings to her manager's notice the considerable amount of time that is wasted when accounting tasks are performed manually, and proposes that the department automates these tasks. Melissa's accounting department is in need of a(n) ________.

application software

Bits are used for computer data because they ________.

are easy to represent physically

Web applications are typically limited by the capabilities of the ________.

browser

Bits are grouped into 8-bit chunks called ________.

bytes

Which of the following memory devices is volatile in nature?

cache memory

Machine code ________.

cannot be modified by humans

A ________ is also called "the brain" of the computer.

central processing unit

In ________ process, a server hosts many versions of desktop operating systems.

desktop virtualization

The CPU stores the results of computations in ________.

main memory

The term ________ means that the computing resources leased can be increased or decreased dynamically in a short span of time and that organizations pay for just the resources that they use.

elastic

A client is a computer that is designed to support processing from many remote computers and users.

false

Cache memory is also called "the brain" of a computer

false

Horizontal-market applications are developed for specific, unique needs of an industry.

false

Linux applications are constructed using Objective-C and VB.NET languages.

false

Linux is high-priced and closed source software developed by Google.

false

Main memory stores the results of computations on the hard drive.

false

Mobile devices cannot be connected through the cloud.

false

Object-oriented languages cannot be used to create difficult and complex applications.

false

Programmers are not allowed to alter or add to an open source code.

false

Quad-processor computers have two CPUs.

false

Symbian is a popular operating system used on devices like iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch

false

The cache and main memory are nonvolatile, meaning their contents survive when power is off.

false

The term open source means that the source code of the program is not available to the public.

false

Thin-client applications can seldom run within a computer browser.

false

Web applications are programs that are written to use a particular operating system.

false

Clark's microbiology report is due the next day. Being short on time, he collects most of the information for his report from an open-source Web browser. In this case, which of the following has Clark used to complete his report?

firefox

Adobe's Acrobat, Photoshop, and PageMaker are examples of ________.

horizontal-market application software

Which of the following operating systems is used by Apple?

iOS

Which of the following is a benefit of in-house hosting?

in-depth visibility of security and disaster preparedness

Which of the following is an example of vertical-market application software?

inventory tracking software for an automobile manufacturer

Toby has lost valuable data on his computer a number of times due to system crashes caused by viruses. He decides to invest in a powerful antivirus program. When Toby buys the program, he will actually be buying the software ________.

license

Identify a characteristic that is a disadvantage of cloud-based hosting.

loss of control over data location

A(n)________ is an example of storage hardware in computers.

magnetic disk

Which of the following is an example of storage hardware in computers?

magnetic disk

Source code is computer code ________.

that is written by humans

Which of the following is defined as the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet?

the cloud

A (bring your own device) BYOD policy is a statement concerning employees' permissions and responsibilities when they use their own device for organizational business.

true

A 3D home printer would create more stable structures, use less material, and reduce workplace injuries.

true

An operating system is a program that controls a computer's resources.

true

Mobile systems offer the potential of just-in-time data, which is data delivered to the user at the precise time it is needed.

true

Sense of presence is the illusion that a virtual experience is real.

true

Source code is computer code as written by humans and understandable by humans.

true

Source code is made available from an open source project's Web site to any user.

true

The main memory of a computer is also called random access memory (RAM).

true

The minimization of menu bars, status lines, and other visual overhead is a key feature of modern-style applications.

true

Web applications can be developed by professional programmers, technically oriented Web developers, or business professionals.

true

DenTimes, a software package installed in hospitals, is used to schedule appointments and bill patients. DenTimes is an example of ________.

vertical-market application software

A client-server application that requires nothing more than a browser is called ________.

web application