ISS Test 3

Why did Romania's population increase so greatly after WW II?

(1967-1989), A baby boom in Romania caused by a ban on abortion and contraception.

Central Asian country that produces the most opium.

Afghanistan

What led to nomadic pastoralism in Central Asia?

Domestication of horses

Effect of climate change on Central Asia

Dry region. Deserts and steppe climates. Shrinking and expanding of lakes and rivers.

Where in Europe are environmental conditions the worst?

Eastern Europe due to Soviet dominance (1945-1990)

Current impacts of climate change in Europe?

Global warming—rising sea levels because of melting glaciers affecting low countries (Belgium and Netherlands), sparse snow cover in Scandinavia, Drought in Mediterranean, increased heat waves affecting agriculture and residents

Since the 1960s what group of people has been moving to Tibet?

Han Chinese

Uyghur people

Majority of Muslim population in Xinjiang province, China. are closely monitored due to fear of being entangled with political separatism by the Chinese government.

Lingua Franca of Central Asia

Russian

Significance of agriculture in Ukraine to the Russian Domain?

it's the most productive

Approximate population of the Russian Domain?

over 200 million

What caused major immigration into Europe in 1990s?

the fall of the soviet border controls. end of cold war

Country trying to restore the Aral Sea?

...

The recently completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway connects what city to the rest of China?

...

Why has Central Asia recently become more prominent?

...

What was the maximum western extent of the Ottoman Empire?

15 degrees east longitude, in Croatia

Approximate population of Europe?

531 million

Kaliningrad .

A Russian enclave on the Baltic Sea, surrounded by Poland, Lithuania, both EU and NATO- member states, part of denuclearization: tactical nuclear weapons moved here

What is Chernobyl known for?

A major nuclear meltdown in 1986

Prior to the reconquista, why did Jewish people do well in Spain?

About 20% of the Jewish population was clustered in the Muslim lands of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) where Islam showed greater tolerance for Judaism than had Christianity. Furthermore, Jews played an important role in trade activities both within and outside of Islamic lands." Before the reconquista Spain was a Islamic territory.

The mountain range in the spine of Italy.

Apennines Mountains, location of mt. Vesuvius and mt. Etna.

Where do people live in the Tarim Basin?

Around the outside/edges due to farming spots

Where in Transcaucasia are major oil deposits found?

Azerbaijan

Where are the Caucasus Mountains?

Between the Black and Caspian seas, Russia's southern boundary

What countries are trying to influence Central Asia?

British, U.S., India, china, russia

In what physiographic regions of Europe are coal deposits typically found?

Central Uplands

Natives of the Ukraine that help Russia expand to the east.

Cossacks

Dachas

Country houses only available to the elite

What happened to Czechoslovakia in 1990s?

Czechoslovakia was split into two countries

Cold War

Divided Germany—refined in 1990 (berlin wall). Yugoslavia is fragmented. Czech is split. Migration from eastern Europe and Russia into Western Europe. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) in W Europe (US) and Warsaw Pact in E Europe (USSR). Both Sides stockpiled weapons, waged propaganda war, raised fears

Three former Soviet Republics that are now part of Europe and are located on the Baltic.

Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, which gained independence from the Russian Empire in the wake of World War I

Where does Russian natural gas go?

Europe

Factors that explain the environmental diversity of Europe.

Europe goes from Arctic to the Mediterranean, and therefore has a wide variety of climates, vegetation, and human activities. -Has the newest and oldest landscapes in the world. -Latitudinal extent from the Arctic to the Mediterranean subtropics. -The Atlantic Ocean, Black, Baltic, and Mediterranean seas. -The long history of human settlement has transformed Europe's natural landscapes in fundamental ways

How large is Europe compared to America?

Europe is two-thirds the size of north America

What other area is the architecture of St. Petersburg like?

European style

Taliban

Extreme fundamentalist Islamic organization - students

Most immigrants to France are from?

Former colonies in northern and Sub-Saharan Africa

Country of Europe with a large Muslim migrant population?

France 4.7 million

Country in Europe with a large number of guest workers from Turkey.

Germany

Country of Europe has the largest population.

Germany

Countries having Germanic languages.

Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, eastern Switzerland and small areas in Alpine Italy

Use of Siberia during Stalin's time.

He sent political dissidents to Siberia. (Dissidents- a person who opposes official policy)

What occurred to change the balance of power and allowed the sedentary agricultural states to conquer the nomads?

Horses

What type of pollution damaged Lake Baikal?

Industrial waste, raw sewage, oil spills, pulp, and paper factories

Since the fall of the Soviet Union, who has been leaving Russia?

Jews

Where in Central Asia have both the U.S. and Russia had military bases?

Kyrgyzstan

Russian Domain lake that is is the world's largest reserve of freshwater?

Lake Baikal

Climate types in regions of Europe

Largely C climates (humid temperate/Maritime climate moderated by Atlantic Ocean) B climates in the south (Iberian Peninsula-Subtropical Steppe) D climates in the north and east (continental climate)

What is unique about Russian when compared with other countries?

Largest country in land area in world it spans 9 time zones, rich in natural resources, high latitude, continental climate, temperature extremes, cold climate, rugged terrain limit settlement and agriculture

Caspian Sea

Largest lake in the world. worst Oil pollution in central asia

Who founded the Soviet Union?

Lenin

Where did the industrial revolution occur in England?

London

Beneficial effects that Russia might see from climate change?

Longer growing season, More fertile land, and More water in rivers means better transportation

Historical eras are represented in European cities.

Medieval (900-1500 AD)-densely settled, buildings next to streets; green space only near churches and public squares Renaissance-Baroque (1500-1800)-wider streets, large gardens, monuments, open space; ornate architecture Industrial (1800-present)-walls, fortifications removed; industrial areas build on edge of cities; urban sprawl developed

What impact from global warming in the Russian Domain may actually increase carbon emissions?

Melting of permafrost

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, what has become of the policy of Russification?

Moved in Russians into non-Russian portions of the U.S.S.R. to increase Russian dominance in these areas

Countries in the European Lowland?

Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, Belgium, France

Character of European Lowland.

Part of Europe that is the focus of intensive agriculture, large cities, and major industrial activities. This area has the densest population, route of human migration, low lying terrain and Navigable rivers.

Language related to Tajik.

Persian Indo-European—complex mit of languages for remainder of population

European mountain between Spain and France?

Pyrenees-home of the Basque people

What factor determines whether a particular Slavic language uses the Latin alphabet or the Cyrillic alphabet?

Religion:Roman Catholics used Latin and Eastern Orthodox used Cyrillic

Location of dominant religions in Europe.

Roman Catholic (250 million) Southern Europe, into Eastern. Protestantism (under 100 million) Northern Europe, Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, Islam in south east Europe

What Mediterranean Empire have the people of Europe look to as an example of how to govern?

Roman; all of europe is always wanting to go back to the roman empire!

Location of highest populations in Russian Domain

Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Transcaucasus

Mikrorayons.

Self-contained housing projects of the 1970s/80s

Aral Sea, what happened?

Shrinkage due to irrigation

Original founders of Russia?

Slavic people

What country invaded the Georgia in 2008?

South Ossetia, Russia

What was the capital of Russia just prior to 1917?

St. Petersburg until the Russian Empire collapses

How did the European Union began after WW II?

Started as coordinated effort to drop coal and steel tariffs - ECSC and EEC

Irredentism

State policies designed to reclaim lost territory. support of similar people in one country to be apart of another (Moldovia & Romania, Albania & Kosovo, Russia & East Ukraine)

In the early 1900s, who did Russians emulate?

Strong traditions, influenced by Western Europe (France)

What is the boundary between European Russia and Siberia?

The Ural Mountains- Lowland mountains with cold, dry climates

Where has Russia dumped their nuclear wastes?

The arctic Sea

Where are Kazakhstan's oil reserves found?

The vast Tengiz and Kashagan fields in the northeastern Caspian Basin

Why did the Russian military invade Chechnya?

They have metals and oils

Where do most Central Asian people live?

Where the highlands meet the plains

Social realism in the Russian Domain?

a style devoted to the realistic depiction of workers harnessing the forces of nature or struggling against capitalism

Impact of acid rain in Europe

damaged forest in (50% of Poland) Poland and Czech republic

Yurts.

felt covered structures that Mongolians live in that are mobile by horses

Supranationalism

giving up sovereignty for common purpose - two or more countries coming together

Dominant climate type in the Russian Domain?

high latitude continental (D) - large temperature extremes and short growing season, also some semi arid climate in the south (B). Grassland steppe has BSK climate.

Nation-states

homogenous cultural group (nation) with it's own political territory (state)

Iron Curtain

metaphorical name given to the line between West Europe and the Soviet block during cold war

Secularization

move from traditional organized religion toward irreligious values and secular institutions. 25% of Europeans are secular.

Devolution (Balkanization)

name for fragmented geopolitical processes; the break up of a state into small hostile units (Balkanization-Yugoslavia, Devolution-Other areas of Europe (Catalonia))

What the most typical way people earn their living in Tibet?

pastoralists

Hegemony

political dominance of one country over another (Russia and Bulgaria)

Polders.

protected and reclaimed landscapes; dikes, windmills, pumps prevent flooding

Why is the environment in Central Asia relatively clean?

relatively low population and low economic development

European countries not in the European Union.

switzerland, turkey, iceland and norway

The Rhine

the River divides the unglaciated part of the European lowland in the south from the glaciated plains in the north (also the approximate boundary between C and D climates)

Why are the Aral and Caspian Seas not really seas?

they are considered lakes because there is no outlet to an ocean

What city is at the eastern end of the Trans-Siberian Railroad?

vladivostok

Why does European Russia have a higher population than Asian Russia?

warmer and can grow more food