ISYS 350 Final

How would you use persistent storage on browsers? What options would you use?

For HTML browsers, a good choice would be local storage and persistent storage. For non-HTML ones, cookies are the best bet.

What are grid systems and why do we use them in web pages?

Grid systems are structured rules that enable content to be stacked horizontally and vertically in a consistent and sustainable way. They find heavily usage in today's websites because they offer increased producitvity while coding, they're versatile and ideal for responsive layouts.

What are data- attributes good for?

data- attribute is used to assigns custom data to an element. The stored (custom) data can then be used in the page's JavaScript to create a more engaging user experience

Which input control is designed to allow users to enter secure information in a way that keeps others from seeing what's typed? • text • textarea • url • password

password

Which input control posts from data to a server? • button • Submit • Reset • radio

submit

What is "this" keyword in Javascript?

this is used to refer to the current object in the code.

Which of the following regular expression characters denote the end of the string? • $ • % • ^ • &

$

What is image map?

An image map is a list of coordinates relating to a specific image, created in order to hyperlink areas of the image to different destinations (as opposed to a normal image link, in which the entire area of the image links to a single destination).

What is meant by Interface?

An interface is a template which has only method declarations and not the method implementation.

Difference between Array and Array List.

Array: Need to specify index ArrayList: No index required

Which of the following declarations are valid ways to make a text control non-editable? • <input type="text" edit="false"/> • <input type="text" editable="false"/> • <input type="text" readonly="yes"/> • <input type="text" readonly/>

<input type="text" readonly="yes"/>

What is the difference between a <div> and a <frame>?

A <div> is a container element for grouping and styling, whereas a <frame> creates divisions within a web page and should be used within the <frameset> tag.

What is a closure in Javascript?

A closure resembles an object. It gets instantiated whenever you call a function. The scope of a closure is lexical, meaning everything contained within the function in which the closure belongs to, has access to any variable that is in it.

What is a marquee?

A marquee is used to enable scrolling text in a web page.

What are media queries and how are they used?

A media query consists of a media type and at least one expression that limits the style sheets' scope by using media features, such as width, height, and color. Media queries, added in CSS3, let the presentation of content be tailored to a specific range of output devices without having to change the content itself. The usage of media queries is similar to this:

How can you ensure that all necessary fields are populated before a form can be submitted? • Write a JavaScript function to evaluate all the controls on the form for content. • On the server, evaluate all the controls for data and return an error page for missing content. • Add the required attribute on each control so that users get a message that the field is required. • Add a label to the page to let users know which controls they must fill in.

Add the required attribute on each control so that users get a message that the field is required.

What web browser do you use?

All of them

What are some of the major new API's that come standard with HTML5?

Among others: Media API, Text Track API, Application Cache API, User Interaction, Data Transfer API, Command API, and the History API.

What are some new HTML5 markup elements?

Among several: <article>, <aside>, <bdi>, <command>, <details>, <figure>, <figcaption>, <summary>, <header>, <footer>, <hgroup>, <mark>, <meter>, <nav>, <progress>, <ruby>, <rt>, <section> and <time>.

What is an anonymous function is Javascript?

An anonymous function is a function declared without any named identifier and in general, is not accessible after its declaration.

What is the difference between inline and block elements?

Basically, a block element will take up the whole width available, and comes with a line break before and after. Examples of block level elements are: headings (i.e <h1>), paragraphs (<p>), divisions (<div>) etc. In contrast, inline elements take up only the space they need, and do not force line breaks. Examples of inline elements are: anchors (<a>), spans (<span>) etc.

Define event bubbling.

Because JavaScript allows DOM elements to be nested inside each other, if the handler of the child is clicked, the handler of parent will also work as if it were clicked too.

What is the syntax difference between a bulleted list and numbered list?

Bulleted lists use the <ul> tag, which stands for "unordered," whereas <ol> is used to create an ordered list.

Explain the CSS box model.

CSS box model is made up of margins, borders, padding, and content. The box model provides a more structured way to space elements in relationship to each other in web pages. In your browser's developer tools, the CSS box model is found at the end of the CSS section

What are the possible ways to apply CSS styles to a web page?

CSS can be applied in the following three ways: • Linked: Create a separate .css file and add all the style for the web page there. Make sure the file is linked to the HTML document(s) using the link tag • Embedded: Inside the HTML document, open a style tag and inside that, add all styles just like you'd do on a linked file. • Inline: This is done by adding a style attribute inside an HTML element.

What are CSS preprocessors and why do we use them?

CSS preprocessors convert code written in a preprocessed language like SASS or LESS into the same old CSS we've been using for such a long time now

What is the CSS selector which allows you to target every element in a web page?

Called the universal selector and signed with an asterix (*), it sets all HTML element the same styling rules as defined in the property declarations.

What is a Class selector and how does it differ from an ID selector?

Class selectors are used to apply style to multiple HTML elements identified with the same class. Class selectors are called within the CSS document by a '.' The difference between classes and ID's is that a HTML element can accept multiple classes, but only one ID. That means ID's are unique for HTML elements.

Describe the difference between cookies, sessionStorage, and localStorage.

Cookies are small text files that websites place in a browser for tracking or login purposes, and hold a modest amount of data. Meanwhile, localStorage and sessionStorage are new objects, both of which are storage specifications but vary in scope and duration. Local storage is more secure, and large amounts of data can be stored locally, without affecting website performance. Futhermore, is it permanent. sessionStorage only lasts as long as the duration of the longest open tab.

What is CORS? How does it work?

Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) is a mechanism that allows many restricted resources (e.g. fonts, js etc.) on a web page to be requested from another domain outside the domain from which the resource originated. It's a mechanism supported in HTML5 that manages XMLHttpRequest access to a domain different.

What is DTD?

DTD stands for Document Type Declaration and it tells the browser which version of either HTML or XHTML is being used.

What is grouping used for in CSS?

Grouping allows several elements of HTML to have the very same styles applied. It uses a single declaration and selectors and separated by commas.

What is the difference between HTML elements and tags?

HTML elements communicate to the browser how to render text. When surrounded by angular brackets <> they form HTML tags, which come in pairs and surround text.

What is HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the most popular markup language for creating websites that can be viewed in a web browser.

What is a Class?

Java Code that consists on variables and methods

How does Java enable high performance?

Java uses Just In Time compiler to enable high performance. JIT is used to convert the instructions into bytecodes.

Which is faster between Javascript and ASP?

Javascript

How do you create links to sections within the same page?

Links can be created using the <a> tag, with referencing through the use of the # symbol. For example, we can have: <a href="#top">BACK TO TOP</a>

What is meant by Local variable and Instance variable?

Local variables are defined in the method and scope of the variables that have existed inside the method itself. An instance variable is defined inside the class and outside the method and scope of the variables exist throughout the class.

Difference between HashMap and HashTable.

Map: methods are not synchronized Table: key method are synchronized

What is namespacing in Javascript and how is it used?

Namespacing is used for grouping functions, variables etc. under a unique name. It is a name that has been attached to the desired functions, objects and properties. This enables code reuse and improves modularity in the coding.

What are the Java IDE's?

NetBeans and Eclipse

Do all HTML elements need both opening and closing tags?

No

What is meant by Ordered and Sorted in collections?

Ordered: values that are stored in a collection is based on the values that are added to the collection. Sorted: can be applied internally or externally so that the group of objects sorted in a particular collection is based on properties of the objects

What is Encapsulation?

Protects the code from others.

Explain about Public and Private access specifiers.

Public members are visible in the same package as well as the outside package that is for Private members are visible in the same class only and not for the other classes in the same package as well as classes in the outside packages.other packages.

What's the difference between standards mode and quirks mode?

Quirks mode is a default compatibility mode and may be different from browser to browser, which may result to a lack of consistency in appearance from browser to browser.

How are object properties assigned in JS?

Similar to the way a value is assigned to a variable, we assign object properties like this for example: document.form. action="submit"

What would be the result of 5+2+"3"?

Since 5 and 2 are integers (data type) they will be added together numerically. And since "3" is a string, the result would be a concatenation, meaning 73.

Difference between String, String Builder, and String Buffer.

String: variables are stored in "constant string pool". String Buffer: string values are stored in a stack. String Builder: same as buffer but builder not threaded safety that is not synchronized

What do you mean by Constructor?

The constructor is a method which has the same name as class name.

What are the limitations when serving XHTML pages?

The main limitation is the poor browser support of XHTML. Internet Explorer and other user agents cannot parse XHTML as XML. Thus, it is not that extensible language as one might think.

What is meant by Abstract class?

The method which has only the declaration and not the implementation is called the abstract method and it has the keyword called "abstract". Declarations are the ends with a semicolon.

What are the new image elements in HTML5?

The new image elements in HTML5 are Canvas and WebGL. <canvas> is a new element that acts as a container for graphical elements like images and graphics. WebGL stands for Web Graphics Language, a free cross-platform API that is used for creating 3D graphics in web browsers.

What does DOCTYPE mean?

The term DOCTYPE means Document Type Definition and tells the browser which type of HTML is used on a webpage. Browsers use DOCTYPE to determine how to render a page. Failing to use DOCTYPE will load your page in Quirks Mode.

What is the difference between window.onload and onDocumentReady?

The window.onload event will not trigger until every single element on the page has been fully loaded, including CSS, images and/or other assets. The main disadvantage is that it might take a while before any code is actually executed. On the other hand, onDocumentReady executes code as soon as DOM is loaded.

How do you optimize a website's assets?

There are several ways to do this, for example: file concatenation, file compression, CDN Hosting, offloading assets, refining code etc.

What is the difference between the application model of HTML and HTML5?

There is not a big difference between the two. HTML5 is a continuum of HTML. There has been no major paradigm shift.

What is W3C?

W3C stands for World Wide Web Consortium which is the international standard for World Wide Web.

What is the difference between "Web development" and "Web design".

Web design is used to represent page layouts and graphical user interface. Web development is a wider term to mean planning, coding, testing, debugging etc.

What is the advantage of collapsing white space?

White spaces are blank sequences of space characters, which is actually treated as a single space character in HTML. The browser collapses multiple space into a single space, so we can indent lines of text without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables us to organize the code into a much more readable format.

Does Javascript support automatic type conversion?

Yes

What is mean by Collections in Java?

a framework that is designed to store the objects and manipulate the design to store the objects.

Which of the following sandbox attributes allows the iFrame to load content from the containing HTML document? • allow-script-execution • allow-same-origin • allow-forms • allow-top-navigation • allow-top-document

allow-forms

What is an Object?

an instance of a class that has state and behavior

Which input control is better suited for allowing users to make multiple selections? • radio button • textarea • checkbox • radio or checkbox

checkbox

Which function should never be used to run JavaScript? • execute • JSDynamic • eval • evaluate

eval

What is Polymorphism?

means many forms

What is JAVA?

object oriented programming language

How would you declare a three-dimensional array in Javascript?

var myArray = [[[]]];

Explain the role of break and continue statements.

• Break statements are used to come out of the current loop • Continue statements continue the current loop with a new recurrence

What are two common ways in which you can reduce the load time of a web application?

• Enable browser caching • Optimize images • Minify resources • nMinimize HTTP Requests • Reduce redirects

What are the features in JAVA?

• Oops concepts • Object-oriented • Inheritance • Encapsulation • Polymorphism • Abstraction • Platform independent: A single program works on different platforms without any modification. • High Performance: JIT (Just In Time compiler) enables high performance in Java. JIT converts the bytecode into machine language and then JVM starts the execution. • Multi-threaded: A flow of execution is known as a Thread. JVM creates a thread which is called main thread. The user can create multiple threads by extending the thread class or by implementing Runnable interface.

What is the difference between undeclared and undefined variables?

• Undeclared variables are variables that do not exist in a program and are not declared. If the program tries to read the value of an undeclared variable, then a runtime error is generated. • Undefined variables are variables that are declared in the program but have not been given any value. If the program tries to read the value of an undefined variable, an undefined value is returned.

List some of the new CSS propertied introduced with CSS3?

• border-radius • box-shadow • text-shadow • text-stroke • background-size • text-overflow • resize • transition

Name some Javascript functions used to convert non numerical values into numbers.

• parseInt() • parseFloat() • Number()

What is the difference between visibility:hidden and display:none?

• visibility:hidden hides the element, but it will still takes up space, this way affecting the layout of the document. • display:none also hides the element, but will not take up space and the page will appear as if the element is not present.