IT Problem Set #10 and #11

Which edition of the DSM was the first to assume a theory-neutral approach to psychiatric classification and diagnosis?

DSM-III

Maria steals money from the offering plate in church every Sunday. Which of the 4 D's of abnormal behavior best describes this behavior?

Deviance

Which of the following is not a component of groupthink as identified by Janus (1972)?

Differing opinions are encouraged

You hate your math class. It is so boring and impossible. You chatted with a person sitting next to you who also disliked the course and you conclude that everyone hates the class. One explanation for this perception might be:

False consensus effect

In the story of the Emperor's New Clothes, everyone in the kingdom realizes the King is naked, but they do not address the issue. Because of social pressures to not criticize the King and not raise diverging opinions, everyone kept their mouth shut. The social psychological term that can explain this phenomenon is:

Groupthink

According to Kelly's covariation model (1967), what pattern of consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus do you expect when an internal attribution is made?

High consistency, low distinctiveness, and low consensus

Which of the following researchers best demonstrated the powerful effect of obedience to authority?

Milgram

The three factors in need of consideration for Kelly's Covariation Model include each of the following EXCEPT

Replicability

Carla had a dream that she interpreted as a psychic vision. The dream was that she was going to get into a horrible car wreck sometime in the coming week. As it turns out, the very next day Carla was so worried about driving that she nervously hit the gas pedal instead of the brake, leading to a minor (though financially horrible) car wreck. What phenomenon might have caused this unfortunate wreck?

Self-fulfilling prophecy

You are excited to go on a date, but you were delayed because of unexpected delays at work and there was an accident on the road home that stopped traffic and required an extended detour. You got ready as quickly as possible but were still nearly 30 minutes late. You have only dated this person for a short time. While waiting, your date is most likely to attribute your lateness to which of the following?

You are the type of person who is always late and not respectful of other's time.

Suppose that you fail your first psychology exam. If the fundamental attribution error is in effect, what might you assume about your own poor test performance?

You did not have enough time to study because of other exams.

Discrimination

behaviors towards a group

Stereotyping

beliefs about the kind of characteristics a group has

Suppose that you do really well on your first psychology exam. According to the self-serving bias, what might you assume about your test performance?

You worked hard and earned your A

Which of the following researchers best demonstrated the tendency for humans to adhere to ascribed social roles and the strong effects social roles have on behavior?

Zimbardo

Which of the following examples is most clearly abnormal according to the "subjective distress" definition of abnormality?

a high-functioning accountant who feels depressed about several aspects of his/her life

Which of the following is a valid question regarding the disability/dysfunction/impairment definition of abnormal behavior?

Both are valid questions

Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between abnormal behavior and mental illness?

An individual who exhibits abnormal behavior may not have a mental illness

Which of the following researchers best demonstrated the powerful effect of social conformity using a simple line perception task?

Asch

What bias helps perpetuate first impressions over time?

Confirmation bias

Northern California is famous (perhaps infamous) for using the phrase "hella" - for instance, "this psychology book is hella cool!" Daryl recently moved to Northern California from Southern California, and while he originally could not stand the word "hella," over time he found himself saying the word without thinking. This demonstrates the fact that conformity can occur at a(n) ______________ level.

Implicit

The DSM manuals are based in large part upon the 19th century work of __________ in the area of psychiatric classification.

Kraepelin

Labeling psychological disorders can be both helpful and harmful. Which of the following is a harmful use of labels?

Labels are a way to excuse unacceptable behaviors.

According to the multiaxial diagnostic system, Axis V refers to a client's

Level of overall functioning

Before leaving his room in the morning, Hunter has to eat at least two cups of yogurt and granola. He knows this is healthy for him, but this habit upsets him. Often, he wishes that he didn't have to do this, as it can occasionally makes him late and sometimes he doesn't want to eat it. How would we classify this behavior?

Normal

Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance suggests that we experience psychological discomfort when

Our attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent

Person-first language is to ______________ as disability-first language is to ______________.

Person with depression; depressed person

The importance of first impressions is based upon another psychological construct of memory known as:

Primacy effect

Which of the following was NOT a major change to the DSM-5

Shift from use of Roman numerals to symbols in edition naming

Unfortunately, in America, many disorders and mental health conditions often come with labels and stigma. Which of the following would be categorized as stigma? Select all that apply

Social isolation, Discrimination, Social disapproval

Suppose that during Thanksgiving you talk about religion and politics, two things that are generally frowned upon in family gatherings. In this scenario you have made a decision to violate

Social norms

Our views of what is normal and abnormal are heavily influenced by

Societal standards

Which phrase would you expect to be uttered across campus after your University's basketball team won an important game against a highly disliked rival?

We won!

Which of the following is true of conformity?

While conformity can lead to negative consequences, it also ensures a degree of societal order.

Prejudice

a positive or negative attitude toward an entire group of people

DSM-IV-TR and DSM-IV adopt a __________ approach to classifying psychopathology

categorical

Changes incorporated in DSM-IV and maintained in DSM-IV-TR were based on __________ to a greater extent than changes incorporated in any previous edition

empirical data & current research

A DSM diagnosis is valid to the extent that it

helps us predict the course of the disorder/prognosis, helps us choose an appropriate treatment for the disorder, informs us about the etiology of the disorder

Homosexuality

is not a diagnosis in DSM-IV-TR, but was a diagnosis in early versions of DSM.

For each diagnosis, the DSM-IV-TR and DSM-V include information on all but which of the following?

treatment of choice