ITPM Final Chapter 2 Quiz

TRUE. The keyword here is "Symbolic" which references what something means.

(T/F) "According to the Symbolic frame, the most important aspect of any event in an organization is not what actually happened but what it means."

FALSE...It is more expensive to make changes during the LATER stages of a Projects development.

(T/F) "It is more expensive to make major changes to a Project during the earlier phases of that Projects development."

Waterfall Life Cycle

"The ______ model of a systems development life cycle assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined."

Reductionism

"_______ is the practice of simplifying a complex idea, issue, condition, or the like, especially to the point of minimizing, obscuring, or distorting it."

Rapid Application Development Model

What does RAD Model stand for?

A Functional Organization Structure is a hierarchical structure where functional managers or Vice Presidents report to the CEO.....A Project Organizational Structure is a hierarchical structure where the Program Managers report to the CEO

What is the biggest difference between a Functional Organization Structure and a Project Organization Structure?

Functional Organizational Structure

"A _______ Organizational Structure is the hierarchy most people think about when picturing an organizational chart."

Strong, Weak, or Balanced

"Matrix Organizational Structures can be ______, _______, or _______ based on the amount of control exerted by the Project Managers"

Organization Structure

"______ is how an organization is designed. The levels of that organization from top to bottom."

The last two traditional Project Phases, implementation and close-out, focus on delivering the actual work and are known as Project Acquisition

What is Project Acquisition?

Deliverable

"A _______ refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced of provided as part of a project."

Spiral Life Cycle

"This model combines the features if prototyping model and the waterfall Model. It is also favored for large, expensive, and complicated projects: "

Organizational Culture

"______ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization."

FALSE...The last phase of the Project Life Cycle is.....

(T/F) "The last phase of the Project Life Cycle is the implementation phase."

The first two traditional Project Phases, concept and development, focus on planning and are known as Project Feasibility

What is Project Feasablity?

A concept that products can be developed faster and of higher quality through a number of processes.

What is the RAD Model?

A Champion is a senior manager who acts as a key component for the project.

What is a Champion?

Structural Frame

"The _______ perspective focuses on different groups roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management."

Political Frame

"The _______ perspective of an organization views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups."

TRUE. Absolutely. Any Project Manager who plans on being successful must be aware and understand the culture of the organization he or she is working in. With that being so, business and organizational issues should be considered from a Project Management Planning perspective.

(T/F) "Business and organizational issues should be considered from a Project Management Planning perspective."

TRUE...Absolutely. Making major changes in a Project that is in it's later stages is very expensive. Any changes that must be made you want to do that in a Projects earlier stages when making such changes will not come at such a heavy price.

(T/F) "It is more expensive to make major changes to a Project during the Later phases of that projects development."

FALSE...Project Managers should NEVER lead Projects in Isolation. If Projects are lead in Isolation you have no way of being on the same page with your stakeholders, and without their insight you have no clue on wherher or not the project is truly goinf in the right direction.

(T/F) "Project Managers should lead projects in isolation in order ti truly serve the needs of the organization."

TRUE. Think of Matrix organizations as a mix, which means Project Managers will have staff from various functional areas (A Mix) working on their projects.

(T/F) "Project managers in Matrix organizations have staff from various functional areas working on their projects."

FALSE...Projects are not about the individual. They are to be conducted in a holistic point of view that is organized around the big picture.

(T/F) "Project work is most successful in an organizational culture where activities are organized around individuals."

TRUE. Absolutely, for example a Football team is an organization. But within that organization you have different subcultures that exist, the DLine, the OLine, the Defensive Backs etc...All of which are different subcultures that can be found in the same organization.

(T/F) "The same organization can have different sub cultures."

FALSE...Business and organizational issues should be considered from a Project Management Planning perspective.

(T/F) "When you separate business and organizational issues from Project Management planning, you do a better job of ensuring success."

Matrix Organizational Structure

"In a _____ Organizational Structure personnel often report both to a Functional Manager, and one or more Project Managers."

Project Organizational Structure

"In a _______ Organizational Structure, Program Managers, rather than functional mangers or Vice Presidents report to the CEO."

Lowest, Highest

"In the earliest phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually _______ and the level of uncertainty is ________" Lowest, Highest

Functional Organizational Structure....Project Managers have the least authority in a Functional Organizational structure.

"Project Managers have the least authority in a ______ organizational structure."

Functional, Project, and Matrix

Many discussions of organizations focus on their structure. The 3 general classifications of organizational structures are:

Business, Organization, and Technology

Name the 3 Spheres of Systems Management:

Concept, Development , Implementation, and Close-Out

Name the 4 phases of a Project Life Cycle:

Incremental Build Life Cycle

This model is a Method of software development where the product is designed, implemented, and tested in increments until it is finished: "

Structural, Human Resources, Political, and Symbolic

Organizations can be viewed as having four different frames. These four frames are:

Project Organizational Structure...Managers have the most authority or Power in a pure PROJECT organizational structure.

"Project Managers have the most authority in a pure ______ organizational structure."

Systems Thinking

"Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and Project Managers need to consider Projects in the greater organizational context. ________ describes this holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization."

Human Resources Frame

"The ______ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people."

Symbolic Perspective, or Symbolic Frame

"The ______ perspective of an organization focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization."

Member Identity....The key word here is "identify" that signals the answer correct answer choice of Member Identity. Logically you would think that based off what is provided in the description that Group Emphasis would be the answer choice but apparently it is Member Identity.

"_____ refers to the degree to employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than their types of job or profession."

The Silo Approach

"_______ is an attitude found in some organizations that occurs when several departments or groups do not want to share information or knowledge with other individuals in the same company. Bad because it reduces efficiency and can be a contributing factor to a failing corporate culture.

TRUE. Yes the longer a Project continues the more money will go into that endeavor. So for that reason Projects are to be developed in increments or phases, with a thorough review after each stage to recognize what's going right, what may be going wrong, and what needs to be done to continue the projects development which will require more money. Reviews after each phase are vital.

(T/F) "An organization usually commits more money as a project continues, therefore a management review should occur after each phase to evaluate progress, potential success, and continued compatibility with organizational goals."

TRUE

(T/F) "Project work is most successful in organizations that have Project Managers who consider Projects in the greater organizational context."

FALSE...In no way shape or form would withholding the required funding, resources and visibility be a productive pathway to take in sustaining a project. Basic common sense says you don't do that and expect a project to be sustained.

(T/F) "The best way to sustain a project is to withhold required money, human resources, and visibility for the project."