LA II-H First Semester Final

Adverb Openers

-ly words: cautiously, sadly etc.

Parallel Structure

This creates balance, symmetry, and consistency in your writing. It gives your writing elegance by creating logical simplicity and maintaining consistency.

Compound Sentences

two independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. For, and, nor, but, yet, so aka FANBOYS

Comma Rules

1. Use a comma to seperate the elements in a series (three or more things), including the last two. Ex: He hit the ball, dropped the bat, and ran to first base. 2, Use commas after introductory words or mild interjections. Ex: Yes, I am unrealistic. Shoot, I forgot to buy eggs. 3. Insert commas to set off words of direct address Ex: Tammy, have you heard anything I just said? 4. Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow of a sentence. Ex: Lebron James, as you can see in this video here, dominates all of his opponents. 5 Use a comma + conjunction (and, but, for, nor, yet, or, so) to connect two independent clauses (compound sentences) 6. Use a comma to set off introductory elements: subordinate clauses and long phrases (four or more words) Ex: Running toward third base, he suddenly realized how stupid he looked. 7. Use commas to set off nonessential items: clauses, participial phrases, appositives. Ex: My third grade teacher, Mrs. Fernando, was very memorable to me.

Run-On Sentences

A sentence that has two or more complete sentences written as though they were one sentence. A comma splice is perhaps the most common kind. It occurs when two main clauses are separated by. a comma rather than a semicolon or a period.

Fragments

An incomplete sentence. It may lack a subject a verb or both. It might also be a subordinate clause that cannot stand alone. Correct the sentence by adding the missing words or phrases. Ex: I like to. My favorite.

Agreement

Every verb must agree with its subject in person and in number. Most verbs have a different form only in the present tenses when the subject is third-person, singular,an -s or -es is added to the base verb. The linking verb be is an exception. It changes form in both the present in past tenses.

Possessive Nouns

Expresses ownership. Examples: Blake's notebook, Alan's sock, Makayla's fruit roll-up

Prepositional Phrases

In, on, around, through, over, under, to etc. Many prepositions fir in the sentence: The dog went ______ the house.

Relative Pronouns

It can add info about a person or thing. • Which gives extra info about a thing. • That gives necessary info about a thing. • Who describes people.

Adjective Phrase Openers

Modify or describe nouns Pleased with the results, she Excited for the party, Dave Surprised about her test scores, Sandy

Adjective Openers

Modify or describe nouns You can put very in front of them (except -ly words like silly) Anxious, she Worried, Mary Delighted, Susan

Adverbial Clause Openers

Must contain a subject and a verb. After, if, since, because, and although. Thumb test: cover up the first word and if the rest sounds like a sentence it's the sentence type

Homophones

• Their, There, They're • There- a pronoun or adverb typically used to indicate a literal or figurative location. • Their - pronoun used to show possesion. • They're - contraction for they are. • It's and Its Its - a pronoun used to show posseston. • it's - a contraction for it is. • Your and You're • Your - pronoun showing posesion. • You're - contraction for you are. • Accept & Except • To accept is to receive and except is to exclude. Think the X in eXcept marks out or eliminates something. • Affect and Effect • Generally we use affect as a verb (an action word) and effect as a noun (an object word).