LA-US History

Write one to three paragraphs explaining how inventors in the field of communication improve on each other's earlier designs.

Inventors in the field of communication improved on each other's earlier designs because they kept upgrading them. Samuel Morse invented the telegraph, but there were some problems with it that could be solved. For example the telegraph usually required people to go to offices, it wasn't easy to carry around, it couldn't transmit voices, and it required a special code to communicate. Granville Woods railroad telegraph designs created the multiplex telegraph which was a device that allowed telegraphs to be used on moving trains. Now Woods' inventions helped trains to communicate. It fixed a few of the problems with the telegraph. A little more than thirty years after it was invented, the telegraph was rapidly replaced by the telephone. Today's telephone uses the same basic voice technologies that were used in 1876. Edison was fascinated with the telephone, so he explored ways to record and then to transmit sound. Because of that, Edison invented the phonograph, a device that could record and play music. He was also interested in recording images, and this led him to develop a motion picture camera and a motion picture player, movies. Because of the camera we now have photos on boxes of food that's inside. Inventors in the field of communication improved on each other's earlier designs by finding new improvements from each others inventions. Because Edison was so fascinated with the telephone, he discovered a way to make a phonograph. A phonograph can record and play music, so Edison than discovered a way to record images.

How did the development of the Bessemer process affect the growth of cities?

It enabled the mass production of steel, which was used to build new factories.

What effects did the construction of the transcontinental railroad have on coast-to-coast communication?

It reduced coast-to-coast communication from about 180 days to about a week.

Read each statement, and decide whether it reflects the point of view of a labor union or of a company's management in the 1800s. 1. Workers should have some say in their working conditions. 2. Unskilled workers should not expect to receive high wages. 3. The cost of replacing experienced workers is higher than the cost of raising wages.

Labor union Management Labor union

Read the quotation to the right. What argument is Powderly making in this statement?

Labor unions achieved more freedom than the American Revolution.

What was one major effect of industrialization on American society?

More people moved to urban areas.

Which of the following best describes J. P. Morgan?

Morgan was a banker and financier who organized corporate mergers.

If you were writing about changes to communication, which would be the most relevant inventions to consider?

Morse's telegraph Granville Woods's railroad telegraph designs Bell's telephone

Which of the following is a reason why people were open to new inventions during the Industrial Age?

New inventions were accessible to all people.

In a short paragraph, describe two examples of how changes to the railroad helped American industries to grow

Railroads brought more cattle to processing plants and stockyards in growing cities, the meat packing industry exploded.A major industry that the railroads helped was the meat packing industry. As railroad stretched across the plains, they became easy ways for ranchers to transport cattle. By bringing raw materials to cities, railroads helped cities like Minneapolis to grow. As railroads brought crops and foods to cities, they helped new food industries grow. Railroads carried farmers and settlers west where they could buy land, get a homestead, and have support from railroad towns. And then railroads would carry the crops east back to the growing cities that needed food. Railroads made a big difference, because they created a connection between these regions.

How did railroad expansion affect the prices of goods during the Gilded Age?

Shipping products by railroad was much cheaper, and the cost of goods decreased.

Consider what you've learned about the reasons for unions' growth. Why did the Knights of Labor and other unions grow so rapidly in the late 1800s?

Successful negotiations and strikes convinced workers that joining a union could be helpful.

Samuel Morse invented the

Telegraph

Using the outline you created, write three paragraphs that tell readers what impact new technologies had on the development of industry in the Gilded Age.

The Gilded Age marked a major watershed in the history of American race relations. In the Gilded Age people developed transportation and communication, so it was easier for businesses to reach their consumers. Technology helped the expanding American economy, by getting more workers into the American work force. They created new jobs and needed more workers and technology helped them communicate. Robber Barons and captains of industry was known as business leaders, and the harnessed the new emerging technology using it in their businesses. In the Gilded Age people were "moving, building, expanding, reforming, and dreaming." The use of new business models, the rise of new technology, and the expansion of railroads, are the three factors that transformed industry during the Gilded Age. During the Gilded Age, industrialization in the United States led to increased urbanization, and economic growth and changing technology. Railroad expansion affect the prices of goods by shipping products by railroad it was much cheaper, and the cost of goods decreased. Population growth during the Gilded Age was due in large part to immigration to the United States. During the Gilded Age the US population rose from nearly 40 million in 1870 to nearly 80 million in 1900. One major effect of industrialization on American society was more people moved to urban areas. They made a lot of products using mass production which is, a system of manufacturing that uses machines to rapidly produce large amounts of a product. During the Gilded Age the two developments that caused industrialization and the economy to grow was, the new technology and a system of railroads. The economy grew more quickly during the Gilded Age than at any other time in US history because the two factors that caused this growth were a great increase in steel production and an increase in the value of manufactured goods. US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Britain, and the United States had become the world's largest producer.

Think about all of the inventions you've discovered in this lesson. Which two inventions changed Americans' lives the most? Explain your answer in a few sentences.

The inventions I have discovered in this lesson that changed Americans' lives the most is the railroads and telegraph. The railroads changed Americans' lives the most because they made it possible for people to live in one part of the city and work in another and made the city feel more convenient. The telegraph changed Americans' lives the most because from a telegraph office, you could send a message to almost any place in the world instantaneously. They changed Americans' lives the most because they were the start of new technologies. They were made and than people kept up grading them and because of that we now have telephones and automobiles. It all started with railroads and telegraphs, and without them we wouldn't have all the things we have today.

In what way was communication by telegraph an improvement over communication by mail carriage?

The telegraph let messages be delivered in days instead of weeks.

How was the telephone different from the telegraph?

The telephone allowed for voice communication.

How did new methods of rail transportation help people commute in cities?

They made it possible for people to live in one part of the city and work in another. They made the city feel more convenient. They made it easier for people to get around the city to shop or do business. They made it possible for cities to continue to support more residents.

Which statement best summarizes what US manufacturing had accomplished by 1900?

US manufacturing had surpassed the level of industrialized Britain, and the United States had become the world's largest producer.

Which of the following statements best describes environmental changes caused by westward railroad expansion?

Western factories were built in what had been wooded rural areas.

An increase in railroad mileage in an area led to great economic growth in that area. Between 1870 and 1890, which area had the greatest increase in railroads and, as a result, the most significant economic growth?

Western states and territories

What do you think Gompers meant when he said "workers must emancipate themselves"?

Workers must fight for their own rights and freedoms.

The economy grew more quickly during the Gilded Age than at any other time in US history. Two factors that caused this growth were

a great increase in steel production and an increase in the value of manufactured goods.

Which demands were common to most early labor unions?

better pay shorter hours fairer rules

How did automobiles affect Americans' ability to get from place to place?

by creating more freedom and convenience

Which methods did early unions use to win their demands?

collective bargaining strikes

If you were an American worker in the 1800s, what would you do to improve your situation?

demand higher wages join forces with other employees try to get into a skilled trade try to find a better job

The period known as the Gilded Age was marked by

economic growth and changing technology.

The period from 1865 to 1900, known as the Gilded Age, was marked by

economic growth and social change.

Look at the graph below, which shows the population of the United States from 1790 to 1910

from nearly 40 million in 1870 to nearly 80 million in 1900.

When did Thomas Edison first make his impact on culture and society?

in the beginning of the 1900s

Railroads not only led to an increase in the ability to transport raw materials, but they also led to a(n

increase in the types of raw materials found in the United States.

What impact did the expansion of railroads in the West have on the American Indians who lived there?

increased environmental damage,

During the Gilded Age, industrialization in the United States led to

increased urbanization.

The growth of industry in the 1800s led to the development of

investor-owned businesses called corporations.

The development of a system of mass production in manufacturing meant that

machines rapidly produced large amounts of products.

What industry did the refrigerated railcar impact the most?

meatpacking

GRAPH**During the Gilded Age the US population rose from

nearly 40 million in 1870 to nearly 80 million in 1900.

Which two developments caused industrialization and the economy to grow during the Gilded Age?

new technology and a system of railroads.

In 1860, how far west could a person travel by rail from New York?

only as far as Chicago

What technology did city planners adopt when attempting to meet the needs of commuters?

railroad technology

The building of a railroad network led to industrial growth because

raw materials and finished products were shipped quickly and cheaply.

In the late 1800s, the Bessemer process was used in

steel production.

A little more than thirty years after it was invented, the was rapidly replaced by the

telegraph telephone

Look at the chart that shows how many miles of railroad was in each region during the respective decade.

the Western states

Which of these forms of transportation was not an innovation that used rails?

the automobile

The Second Industrial Revolution in the United States lasted from

the end of the American Revolution to 1865.

When was the first gasoline-powered American automobile made?

the late 1800s

Which of these industries was made possible by Thomas Edison's ideas and inventions?

the movie industry

During the Industrial Age, what was the main way that businesses informed consumers about new inventions they could purchase?

the telegraph

Thomas Edison's fascination with what invention inspired him to develop the phonograph?

the telephone

What method of manufacturing, introduced in the early 1800s, made mass production possible?

the use of expensive materials

Which three factors transformed industry during the Gilded Age?

the use of new business models, the rise of new technology, and the expansion of railroads

All of these statements about labor unions are true except:

unions tried to represent all workers, no matter their race, gender, or ethnic background

Many people who immigrated to the United States during the Gilded Age moved to

urban areas, where they worked in factories.

Today's telephone uses the same basic that were used in 1876.

voice technologies

GRAPH**According to the graph, the manufacturing of products in the United States greatly increased from

1800 to 1900.

The transcontinental railroad was completed in

1869.

Industrialization resulted in what changes to American society?

A system of manufacturing that uses machines to rapidly produce large amounts of a product

Mass production

A system of manufacturing that uses machines to rapidly produce large amounts of a product

Which labor union-the Knights of Labor (KOL), the American Federation of Labor (AFL), or both-had the following characteristics? Admitted only skilled workers Admitted women and African Americans Worked to improve the lives of workers Is still in existence today

AFL KOL Both AFL

According to the tables you read, China was the world's leading steel producer in 2006. Based on what you know about the changes and resources that helped the United States' industries to grow, what changes would you expect to be taking place in China? Write your response in a paragraph.

Based on what I know about the changes and resources that helped the United States' industries to grow I would expect China's resources to increase as the years go by. Chinese industries are discovering new sources of raw materials to use, and Chinese cities are growing quickly. Natural resources are becoming more available.Between 1900 and 2006, total world steel production increased, and steel is becoming more useful as a building resource. Cities are becoming centers of manufacturing. In 2006, the United States produced more steel than it did in 1900, but China was the world's leading steel producer in 2006. In 1900, Europe had more steel-producing countries than other continents, but In 2006, the world's leading steel producers were located in Asia.

How did the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad affect companies that made products?

Companies could ship goods cheaply

Which of the following statements best describes how urban commuting changed in the late 1800s?

Elevated trains and subways replaced horse-drawn trolleys.

How did Henry Ford affect the automobile industry?

He made car production cheaper by improving the assembly line.

How did Granville Woods improve the telegraph?

He made it possible for moving trains to have telegraphs.