lab test 1 review

The life span of an erythrocyte is about ________ days.

120

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time?

2

How many half-moon shaped, pocketlike cusps are found in each semilunar valve?

3

How many globins (protein building blocks) are found in a single hemoglobin molecule?

4

A malnourished person might have abnormally low levels of plasma proteins.

As a result, colloid osmotic pressure decreases, and there is fluid retention in the interstitial space.

Which action leads to the closure of the right atrioventricular valve?

Contraction of the right ventricle

Which are characteristic of type A blood?

Has anti-B antibodies Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes Will agglutinate with blood type B

In the centrifuged sample of blood illustrated, what blood components are contained in the layer labeled number 3

Leukocytes and platelets

Which vein drains the posterior aspect of the ventricles of the heart?

Middle cardiac vein

Which are characteristic of type Rh negative blood?

Only under certain conditions will Rh (anti-D) antibodies be present, Is inherited independent of the ABO group

1. Which of the cardiovascular system's circuits has deoxygenated blood in its arteries?

Pulmonary circuit

Which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Pulmonary veins

In an ECG, what does the T wave represent?

Repolarization of the ventricles

Which heart chambers contain deoxygenated blood?

Right atrium and right ventricle

What part of the cardiac conduction system is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium, adjacent to the entrance of the superior vena cava?

SA node

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions?

Systemic circuit

Someone with a heart block would have

a long P-R interval.

An individual's hematocrit would vary with

altitude. age. sex. ALL

The great cardiac vein runs alongside the

anterior interventricular artery.

The first phase of hemostasis involves

blood vessel constriction

The formation of a web-like polymer of fibrin occurs late in the ________ pathway.

common

What are the first vessels to branch off of the base of the ascending aorta and penetrate the myocardium of the heart wall?

coronary arteries

The atria are separated from the ventricles externally by the

coronary sulcus.

If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or her blood would likely

decrease.

The viscosity of blood is ________ proportional to the number of erythrocytes and ________ proportional to the amount of fluid.

directly; indirectly

The agglutinogens (or antigens) that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are

found on the surface of erythrocytes

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called

hemopoiesis.

Platelets play a key role in ________, but if they are not used they are broken down after about ________ days.

hemostasis; 9

The foramen ovale of the fetal heart is an opening in the

interatrial septum.

Pectinate muscles are found on the

internal walls of the right and left atria.

Blood moves into and then out of a heart chamber because

it moves along its pressure gradient, and that gradient depends on contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.

The reason it is more appropriate to call an erythrocyte a "formed element" rather than a "cell" is that erythrocytes

lack a nucleus and organelles

Leukocytes are the ________ of the formed elements, and leukocytes have ________.

largest; prominent nuclei

Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the

liver and spleen.

When blood oxygen is ________, erythropoietin is released, which ________ production of erythrocytes.

low; stimulates

The type of leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as a macrophage is a(n)

monocyte.

Which leukocytes are granulocytes?

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Each of the receiving chambers of the heart has a wrinkled flaplike extension; the one that is more visible from an anterior view is the

right auricle.

The posterior interventricular artery is a branch off of the

right coronary artery.

The function of the coronary sinus is to

take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium

The papillary muscles attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by means of the

tendinous cords.

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used.

A comparison of the clinical hematocrit and true hematocrit would indicate that

their values are very similar.

Blood is correctly classified as a(n)

tissue.

Typically, there are ________ papillary muscles that project from the wall of the left ventricle and attach to the tendinous cords that support the left AV valve.

two

The pericardial cavity is between the

visceral and parietal layers of the serous pericardium.