Late Adulthood Study Guide

15. Joe is 70 years old and recalls names of teachers or classmates from when he was an adolescent, but has difficulty remembering information presented quickly and orally, such as complicated instructions. His ________ memory seems to be intact, but his ________ memory is showing decline.long-term; working zekiel is 88. According to demographers, which age category is he in?

oldest old

4. Research has shown that among the elderly, divided attention impairments are significantly associated with ________.

increased automobile accidents in older adults

8. Which is the best advice for Felicia, who is 81 and healthy, and hoping to continue leading an active life?

remain sexually active, exercise, and have good friends

Thomas is 57 years old and has severe arthritis. He is overweight and also suffers from fatigue, loss of concentration, headaches and unrefreshing sleep, and this has caused a change in his physical functioning despite his age.What type of aging is Thomas experiencing?

secondary

12. Carol and Greg both retired at 65 by choice. They remain productive in many ways. Which of the following has not been reported to be one of the ways people in late adulthood continue to be productive?

sleeping until midday every day and then watching television.

Anna Mae is 72 years old. She recently became a volunteer for Habitat for Humanity when a project was introduced to her group of friends at the Senior Community Center where she was already involved in tutoring school children in reading and math. This is just an example of how people in late adulthood continue to be ________ in many ways

.productive

9. Essie is an 86-year-old woman who tries to function independently but has suffered for several years with forgetfulness, especially with recent memories. She has trouble finding her car in the parking lot after grocery shopping. The store managers have called her children to come and help her. She has been known to forget her way home at times. Her children worry that she may have a form of dementia called ________.

Alzheimer's disease

Sheila retired two years ago at the age of 65. She would have worked a few more years, but felt pressure to make room for new younger recruits at her state job. No longer as active on a daily basis, her morale and self concept are lower. In addressing this issue, a developmental psychologist may recommend that Sheila gets involved in voluntary and leisure organizations, child care or other forms of social interaction. This supports which theory?

Activity Theory

An 85-year-old man, George, is demonstrating serious memory loss, lessened intellectual ability, and impaired judgment. What diagnosis is George likely to receive from a doctor?

Dementia

7. The ancient Greek city state of Sparta was ruled by a Gerousia. A Gerousia was a council made up of members who were at least 60 years old and served for life. The political power within the ruling class accumulates with age, making the oldest the holders of the most power. In many preindustrial societies, the elderly still have influence and power and their vast knowledge is respected. This type of political and social structure is known as a ________.

Gerontocracy

1. Michael is in his mid-60s and beginning to looking back over his life, evaluate it, and come to terms with it. Which psychosocial stage according to Erikson describes what Michael is attempting to accomplish?

Integrity versus despair

Which statement is true of life expectancies in the United States?

Life expectancies in the United States are higher for women than men.

6.________ involves the storage of information for long periods of time, whereas ________ is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that is responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing and most sensitive to decline in old age.

Long-term memory; Working memory.

3. Sebastian is age 75 and was married for 42 years. His spouse died more than 3 years ago. Helen is also 75 and is now widowed after 50 years of marriage. Which of the two may experience complicated grief, or difficulty because they do not have an extensive social network or the ability to take care of their own daily needs?

Sebastian

Which of the following is the description used by developmental psychologists to describe the functional age of the "young old"?

They live independently and are healthy and active

13. Greg was diagnosed with ________ as a result of his high blood sugar and insulin resistance. His doctor recommended losing weight, exercising regularly, and eating properly to improve his health.

Type 2 diabetes

________ is a form of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.

Type 2 diabetes

10. James is 64 years old and complains to his doctor that he has blurred, "fuzzy" vision. When he reads the newspaper the lines appear wavy or distorted. His Doctor tells him that he suffers from the most common cause of blindness in people over the age of 60, but not to worry because the disease was detected early. He put him on medication and a diet rich in antioxidants and thinks that he may even avoid laser surgery. James was diagnosed with ________.

age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Mary at age 80 loves her independence, but lately she has been involved in more car accidents, although minor and mostly due the constant switching of attention when there is a lot of traffic. To explain Mary's challenges, new research may point to problems in ________ among older adults, when it comes to activities such as driving.

divided attention

14. Daisy wants to live much longer than her parents and grandparents, who died of health related issues in their late 60s. What is good advice for Daisy?

exercise, eat more vegetables, and have good friends

5.Professor Black explains that genetics, diet, lifestyle, activity, and exposure to pollutants all play a role in the aging process, and suggests that processing in all parts of the nervous system, including the brain, are less efficient with age, hence why older people have more accidents.Professor Black is explaining the ________.

generalized slowing hypothesis

Yvonne is 75 year-old active retiree and has decided to volunteer part-time at a day care for her church. Although she is physically fit for her age, she faces challenges in retaining information. Given her age, the most challenging information for Yvonne to remember is ________.

information presented quickly and orally, such as complicated instructions

Jay is 72-years old and is someone who sees himself as having lived a satisfying and successful life. He is grateful to have had a good career at the division of motor vehicles for over 40 years, and even more grateful for the loving family he has. He coached his children and grandchildren in football. Even now, he babysits his great grandchildren and does activities with them as well. His life has been filled with productivity, or according to Erik Erikson, ________.

integrity

17. Carol and Greg both retired at 65 by choice. They remain productive in many ways. Which of the following has not been reported to be one of the ways people in late adulthood continue to be productive?

letter writing to congress on issues that affect them doing structured, face-to-face, volunteer work. sleeping until midday every day and then watching television.working part-time

Stereotypes about people in late adulthood lead many to assume that aging automatically brings ________.

mental decline

Dr. Miller is giving a lecture on the theories of aging. She explains that genetics, diet, lifestyle, activity, and exposure to pollutants all play a role in the aging process, and suggests that overall processing speed declines in the peripheral nervous system affecting your brain's ability to communicate with your muscles and organs.Dr Miller is explaining the ________

peripheral slowing hypothesis

Ninety-two-year-old Robert is watching his 25year-old grandson play an action video game that involves real time strategy. Robert challenges his grandson to a round, but a few minutes into the game, Robert gets frustrated because his fingers are not working fast enough, and decides to quit.What theory of aging might explain why Robert cannot keep up with his grandson's quick game play?

peripheral slowing hypothesis

Shevanne is 63 years old and complains that high-pitched sounds, such as "s" or "th" are hard to distinguish and conversations are difficult to understand, particularly when there is background noise. Some sounds seem overly loud and annoying. Her doctor tells her that she is suffering from an age related hearing loss due to damage of the cochlea in her inner ear Her doctor has diagnosed her with the second most common illness in aged people. Which is it?

presbycusis

Friendships tend to be an important influence in life satisfaction during late adulthood. Friends may be more influential than family members for many older adults. Which of the following theories supports the idea that as people age, friendships are not formed in order to enhance status or careers, but may be based purely on a sense of connection or the enjoyment of being together?

socioemotional selectivity theory

Mary worked in customer service for 40 years. She was known to be insightful and able to overcome obstacles that she encountered on a daily basis. She retired from her management position at the age of 65. Now, as a volunteer at a polling bureau, she puts her ability to use common sense and good judgment in making decisions to good use Which ability, common to many older people but not all, is Mary displaying?

wisdom