Leadership & Management Midterm

Marcie is a charismatic leader. When she encounters Salvatore, a work associate she met once two years ago, Marcie is likely to say,

"Hello Salvatore, good to see you again."

The leader irrelevance theory suggests that factors outside the leader's control

have a larger impact on business outcomes than does the leader.

Brain research about visions suggests that visionaries in contrast to non-visionaries,

have different levels of brain activity.

The most effective type of humor for an organizational leader to use is directed at

himself or herself.

Middle manager Sara is engaged in the team builder role when she

holds a meeting to talk about team accomplishments.

Self-confidence is an important leadership characteristic

in almost every leadership setting.

According to an analysis of a group of studies, in terms of having an impact on company performance the leader was about as important as the

industry in which the company operated.

An individual who has strong personal magnetism

influences others through force of personality.

An aspect of the coach and motivator role of the leader is to

informally recognize team member achievements.

A study showed that managers are more likely to use heavy-handed (tough) influence tactics when the subordinate

is not getting work done that is part of his or her role.

Former business executive Larry Bossidy believes that execution

is the most important part of a leader's job.

A hands on and deeply engaged leader is most likely to be strong on which one of the following traits or characteristics?

knowledge of the business

In Fiedler's contingency theory, the most important dimension of the situation for determining situational control is

leader-member relations.

According to the cognitive resource theory, under high stress conditions

leadership experience is an asset.

According to the situational model II, effective leaders manage their relationship with a subordinate

on a given task.

A principle of ethical and moral leadership is to

pay attention to all stakeholders.

Donald Trump is seen as a leader with a

personalized power motive.

When workers are aligned, they tend to

pull together for a higher purpose.

A key part of a leader having humility is to

put group members in the limelight, rather than oneself.

Leaders with a socialized power motive use power primarily to achieve organizational goals or vision.

True

Leadership effectiveness is typically measured by either objective data about results or subjective data about the perceptions of a leader.

True

Power gives the person the capacity to influence others, and that power must be exercised for the leader to be influential.

True

Stepping forward to accept reasonable change is considered an ethical political tactic.

True

The intelligence of directive-style leaders is more closely related to group performance than is the intelligence of nondirective leaders.

True

Transformational leaders who are also charismatic will typically establish a vision for constituents to follow.

True

Unless a manager gets people to move beyond mechanical compliance with directions and orders, leadership has not taken place.

True

When the relationship between two people is strong, they are more likely to behave ethically toward each other.

True

An example of a whistleblower (in relation to ethics) would be a(n)

bookkeeper who told a journalist about fraudulent accounting in the company

The major thrust of the servant leader is to

work on the behalf of group members to help them achieve their goals.

According to the Law of Reciprocity (in relation to organizational politics), get even quickly with people who have wronged you in any way.

False

According to the path-goal theory, the participative style is recommended when group members are performing repetitive tasks.

False

An effective form of humor by the leader is to poke fun at the problems and limitations of group members.

False

CEO Lois wants to create an ethical and socially responsible company, so it is recommended that she place personal interests over company interests.

False

Charismatic leaders are much more conservative than average with respect to risk taking.

False

Emotional appeals tend to lose their effectiveness when they take into account the values, motives, and goals of group members.

False

Ethics deals mostly with complying with rules and regulations.

False

Research about emotional intelligence suggests that leadership is much more controlled by heredity than by environment.

False

The deontological theory of ethics focuses on the consequences of a decision, such as "Who gets hurt?"

False

The emphasis in the influence tactic of "developing a reputation as a subject matter expert" is to teach coworkers important skills.

False

The group leader in a laboratory has more legitimate power than the director of research and development.

False

The purpose of alignment is to get all the group members thinking just like the leader.

False

When the boss practices favoritism or cronyism, organizational politics tends to decrease because group members will tend to think that good performance is the best path to being rewarded.

False

If you are at the conventional level of moral development, you probably will not cheat on this test or any other aspect of your leadership course.

True

Joking and kidding can be used effectively as an influence tactic because it softens criticism.

True

Which one of the following is the least recommended approach to leadership during a crisis?

Be a transactional leader.

Which of the following would most likely be a vision for Avon Products?

Become the ultimate relationship marketer of products and services for women

Adapting to changing times is the most important for which approach to leadership?

Contingency approach

A Job Seeker's Ethical Audit is used to verify the type of ethical reputation the job seeker has developed

False

A leader scoring high on the dimension of consideration would typically be authoritarian and impersonal in relationships with subordinates.

False

A major proposition of the path-goal theory is that the leader should engage in behaviors that run counter to the subordinates' environment and abilities

False

A recommended way of enhancing your charisma is to make others feel unimportant so you will appear strong in contrast.

False

A recommended way of sequencing influence tactics is to begin with an abrasive tactic and then move toward a more positive tactic.

False

According to cognitive resource theory, the intelligence and competence of the leader will correlate highly with group performance when the leader is stressed.

False

According to complexity theory, leaders are complex individuals who often destroy organizations because of their personal conflicts.

False

Which one of the following influence tactics requires that the leader/manager serve as a model the desired behavior?

Leading by example

Which two types of power that stem from a leader's authority to respond to the consequences of people's actions?

Reward power and coercive power

Team leader Wanda is managing the critical problem of selling company assets to raise cash and has therefore gained power in the eyes of management. Wanda is implementing which explanation of a source of power?

Strategic contingency theory

A component of the general learning model applied to leadership skills is to obtain feedback on skill utilization from others.

True

A frequently committed political blunder is to send an embarrassing e-mail message without thinking that it might be read by an unintended person.

True

A key part of a company's designation as a "best company to work for" is an evaluation of the company's organizational culture

True

A recommended approach to leadership effectiveness is to combine several approaches to meet the demands of a given situation.

True

A recommended way of sequencing influence tactics is to begin with low-cost, low-risk tactics.

True

A strong achievement drive is an important contributor to innovative thinking in the workplace.

True

According to consultant Tom Peters, the thank-you note is a powerful political tactic.

True

According to the contingency theory of leadership, certain situational forces are beyond the leader's complete control.

True

An assertive leader finds the right balance between being pushy and being passive.

True

An implication of attribution theory is that many people believe executive leaders have the power to determine the fate of their organizations.

True

An important goal of a rational leader is to merge the interests of all parties so that everyone benefits and the organization becomes prosperous.

True

Being a leader often gives a person a chance to help people directly.

True

Corporate leaders can sometimes use values to guide an organization out of trouble.

True

Despite the urgency of turning around an organization, the transformational leader is likely to encourage the personal development of staff members.

True

Entrepreneurs typically have a visionary perspective as reflected in seeing opportunities others have missed.

True

The general thrust of path-goal theory is to specify what the leader must do to

achieve high productivity and morale in a given situation.

Leadership can be practiced

at any level in the organization

An explanation offered for ethical behavior in terms of interpersonal skills is that when you are close with people, you are more likely to

behave ethically with them.

The modern organization is characterized by

collaboration between leaders and followers.

Two components of empowerment revealed by research are

competence and self-determination.

The virtuous cycle in relation to social responsibility suggests that

corporate social performance and corporate financial performance feed and reinforce each other.

A major moderating variable in the use of rational persuasion is the

credibility of the influence agent.

An important part of making an inspirational appeal is to

display emotion as needed.

A rationale for empowerment is that the most successful organizations

effectively use the talents of all players on the team.

A transactional leader in contrast to a transformational one is more likely to

emphasize rewards for good performance.

A leader who scored high on initiating structure would

emphasize work scheduling and assigning tasks.

The two types of personal power are

expert and referent

We know that charismatic leadership has taken place when

extraordinary levels of devotion, identification, and emulation are aroused in group members.

A study of team leadership found that transformational leadership helped the group

feel more potent, leading to better performance.

The achievement motive refers to

finding joy in accomplishment for its own sake.

Contingency leadership theorists believe that in terms of shaping the leader's behavior,

forces in the situation are more important that the leader's personal characteristics.

A direct way of being a supportive leader is to

give frequent encouragement and praise.

A suggestion to the leader based on path-goal theory is for the leader to

reduce frustrating barriers to reaching goals.

A key point about charisma is that it is a(n)

relationship between the leader and the group members.

The best example of personal power would be power stemming from the

relevant expertise a person brings to the job.

A recommended approach to promoting ethical behavior throughout the organization is to

reward people who have performed well and behaved ethically.

An important way of inspiring people is to

satisfy their higher-level needs.

Gus has been empowered by his manager to develop a new work flow design for the office. After completing the task successfully, Gus believes that he has the ability to perform an important new skill. The characteristic of empowerment just described is most likely

self-efficacy.

A(n) ____ type of leader is most likely to play the role of the Good Samaritan.

servant

An important observation noted about the influence tactic of ingratiation is that

some leaders become ingratiating to suit a particular occasion.

Max wants to develop a personal brand, so he

studies his basket of personal strengths.

A survey about employee trust suggested that employees trust

their immediate manager more than company leaders.

An entrepreneurial leader is least likely to

thrive on hierarchy and routine.