lecture test two

Which layer contains most of the accessory structures?

3 (middle layer)

Which of the following statements concerning sebaceous glands and sebum is false?

Most sebaceous glands are coiled tubular glands.

________ serves as a worldwide official standard of anatomical vocabulary.

Terminologia Anatomica

An anatomical term that means the same as ventral is

anterior

Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?

cardiovascular

Organ physiology is to ________ as gross anatomy is to ________.

cell physiology; microscopic anatomy

The common term for the buccal region is the

cheeks

During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is the least likely in the region of the injury?

cold, pale skin

The clinical term for a bruise is a(n)

contusion.

Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum

corneum.

__________ is the bluish coloration of the skin that results from insufficient oxygen in the blood.

cyanosis

The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called

cytology

The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of a liver cell is to

cytology.

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed

homeostasis

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called

homeostasis

Disease is an indicator of

homeostatic failure.

The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the

hypothalamus

The study of the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity is called ________ anatomy.

developmental

Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the ________ system.

digestive

Which of the following imaging techniques is used to monitor blood flow through specific organs, such as the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys?

digital subtraction angiography

In general, the nervous system does each of the following except

direct long-term responses to change.

The wrist is ________ to the elbow.

distal

Germinative cells

divide continually to produce new epithelial cells.

The chin is ________ to the nose.

inferior

Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system.

integumentary

Which of the following organs is described as retroperitoneal?

kidney

The common name for the patella is the

knee

Scar tissue is the result of

large numbers of collagen fibers and relatively few blood vessels in the injured area.

Anatomy uses a special language, called ________ terminology, which involves the use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the body in health and disease.

medical

The nail body covers the

nail bed

If a response decreases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

negative

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of

negative feedback

Visceral pericardium is located

on the heart itself

Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe

one body part in relation to another.

Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest?

organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?

ovary

A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a(n) ________ section.

parasagittal

Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy.

pathological

Which of the following terms refers to the foot?

pedal

The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except

pelvic quadrant

The thoracic cavity contains the

pericardial and pleural cavities.

Identify the structure located within the mediastinum.

pericardial cavity

The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the

peritoneum.

Identify the branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions.

physiology

If a response increases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

positive

This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.

positive

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?

produces a more rapid response than the nervous system

A person lying face down is in the ________ position.

prone

Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.

receptor; control center; effector

Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.

structure; function

A person lying on the bed and gazing at the ceiling is in the ________ position.

supine

The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism is called ________ anatomy.

surface

The study of the function of specific organ systems is called

systemic physiology

Cardiovascular function is an example of

systemic physiology.

The plane that separates the abdominal and the pelvic cavities is

transverse at the hips

Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region?

upper

The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system.

urinary

The common term for the carpal region is the

wrist

Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?

lymphatic

The heart is ________ to the lungs.

medial

________ is considered the oldest medical science.

anatomy

Which of the following happens if body temperature rises above normal?

Blood flow to the skin increases.

________ results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine system.

Extrinsic regulation

While standing in the anatomical position,

all answers are correct

A chemical imbalance in the body can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that

all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.

________ occurs when the activities of organs are regulated locally.

amplification

A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________ position.

anatomical

Identify the branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts.

anatomy

Vitamin D3 is important for proper ________ development.

bone

A bruise turns "black and blue" because of ________ in the dermis.

broken blood vessels

A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n)

effector

The study of the first two months of development is termed

embryology

The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.

endocrine

The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the

epidermis

In a penetrating wound, ________ divide to produce mobile cells that repair the dermis.

fibroblasts

Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?

gluteal

The combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and extensive capillary network that is formed in injured skin is called ________ tissue.

granulation

A midsagittal section of the body would pass through the

heart

The central principle of physiology is

homeostasis

In the condition known as erythema, the skin takes on a ________ color.

reddish

The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ________ anatomy.

regional

Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?

respiratory

A deficiency disease that illustrates the effect of integumentary system function on the structure of the skeletal system is

rickets

The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.

right lower, left lower

The right pleural cavity contains

right lung

The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.

right upper

While standing erect, the direction of caudal is

toward the heel

Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?

sagittal

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

secretion

The mediastinum

separates the pleural cavities and includes the pericardial cavity.

Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation?

skeletal

Types of skin cancers include

squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and basal cell carcinoma

An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be

temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.

Charlie is badly burned in an accident. When he reaches the emergency room, the examining physician finds that he can remove entire hair follicles from Charlie's arm when he gently pulls on a hair with his forceps. Charlie is suffering from a(n) ________ burn.

third-degree

The type of burn that may require a skin graft is a ________ burn.

third-degree

The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the

thoracic and abdominopelvic.

The diaphragm muscle separates the ________ from the ________.

thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

The common name for the pollex is the

thumb

A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is called a(n)

tight junction.