Lesson 18 In-Class Quiz & Self-Assessment

A patient with slurred speech is sitting slumped over to one side and showing one-sided facial drooping. Which question is most important to ask? Select one: A. "When did the symptoms start?" B. "Has this ever happened before?" C. "Who is your personal physician?" D. "Have you been drinking alcohol?"

A. "When did the symptoms start?"

A patient is exhibiting slurred speech, facial droop, and an inability to move his left arm. Which neurological exam emphasizes these possible stroke signs? Select one: A. Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale B. Philadelphia Stroke Scale C. Chicago Prehospital Stroke Scale D. Camden Stroke Scale

A. Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale

Many ischemic stroke patients are candidates for thrombolytic therapy. To optimize the care of the patient who is a candidate for this therapy, what should you do? Select one: A. Determine the exact time of onset of symptoms. B. Transport the patient to the nearest community hospital. C. Perform a secondary assessment. D. Perform a thorough physical exam.

A. Determine the exact time of onset of symptoms.

What is the most significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke? Select one: A. Hypertension B. Diabetes mellitus C. Severe stress D. Heavy exertion

A. Hypertension

A 55-year-old male is exhibiting signs of a stroke, including difficulty understanding what you are asking him. What is this type of aphasia called? Select one: A. Receptive B. Expressive C. Local D. Global

A. Receptive

Difficulty in producing or understanding speech as a result of a stroke is known as: Select one: A. aphasia. B. dysphagia. C. hemiparesis. D. ataxia.

A. aphasia.

Law enforcement has summoned you to a nightclub, where a 22-year-old female was found unconscious in an adjacent alley. Your primary assessment reveals that her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is rapid and weak. She is wearing a medical alert bracelet that identifies her as an epileptic. There is an empty bottle of vodka next to the patient. You should: Select one: A. assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate transport. B. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and transport. C. apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and transport her for a blood-alcohol test. D. place a bite block in her mouth in case she has a seizure and transport at once.

A. assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate transport.

Weakness on one side of the body is known as: Select one: A. hemiparesis. B. aphasia. C. ataxia. D. ischemia

A. hemiparesis.

When assessing a patient with a possible stroke, what should you check first? Select one: A. Blood pressure B. Airway C. Pulse D. Pupils

B. Airway

What are the three assessments that comprise the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale? Select one: A. Speech, grip strength, level of consciousness B. Facial droop, arm drift, speech C. Facial droop, grip strength, pupils D. Arm drift, glucose, coordination

B. Facial droop, arm drift, speech

A 75-year-old female has left-side weakness and facial droop that resolve on their own in less than 24 hours. Vital signs are BP 180/110, P 88, R 18, and SpO, 96%. What should you suspect? Select one: A. Ischemic stroke B. Transient ischemic attack C. Hemorrhagic stroke D. Bell's palsy

B. Transient ischemic attack

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who, according to his wife, experienced a sudden, severe headache and then passed out. He is unresponsive and has slow, irregular breathing. His blood pressure is 190/94 mm Hg, and his pulse rate is 50 beats/min. His wife tells you that he has hypertension and diabetes. He has MOST likely experienced: Select one: A. a complex partial seizure. B. a ruptured cerebral artery. C. acute hypoglycemia D. an occluded cerebral artery.

B. a ruptured cerebral artery.

What is the name of the condition when a patient forgets about the injured side after a stroke? Select one: A. Ataxia B. Hemiparesis C. Neglect D. Aphasia

C. Neglect

A 29-year-old male complains of a severe headache and nausea that has gradually worsened over the past 12 hours. He is conscious, alert, and oriented and tells you that his physician diagnosed him with migraine headaches. He further tells you that he has taken numerous different medications, but none of them seems to help. His blood pressure is 132/74 mm Hg, his pulse is 110 beats/min and strong, and his respirations are 20 breaths/min. Treatment should include: Select one: A. placing him in a supine position and transporting with lights and siren to a stroke center. B. assisting him with his migraine medication and transporting without lights and siren. C. dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren. D. applying warm compresses to the back of his neck and transporting with lights and siren.

C. dimming the lights in the back of the ambulance and transporting without lights and siren.

You arrive at the residence of a 33-year-old woman who is experiencing a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure. She has a small amount of vomitus draining from the side of her mouth. After protecting her from further injury, you should: Select one: A. wait for the seizure to stop, manually open her airway, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and assess her oxygen saturation with the pulse oximeter. B. restrain her extremities to prevent her from injuring herself, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, and assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. C. maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen. D. place a bite block in between her teeth, apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, and consider inserting a nasopharyngeal airway.

C. maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen.

A 67-year-old male has a sudden onset of slurred speech and right-sided weakness. His vital signs are BP 180/110, P 100, R 18, and SpO2 97%. Which of the following is most appropriate? Select one: A. Keep the patient supine. B. Administer oral glucose. C. Give oxygen via nonrebreathing mask at 15 L/min. D. Immediately transport the patient to a stroke center.

D. Immediately transport the patient to a stroke center.

Which of the following symptoms would lead the EMT to believe that a patient's headache is caused by sinus congestion? Select one: A. There is associated neck stiffness. B. The headache began suddenly. C. There is numbness in the extremities. D. The pain is worse when bending over.

D. The pain is worse when bending over.

If a patient's stroke was due to a buildup of calcium and cholesterol inside the walls of her blood vessels, you would know that this patient has: Select one: A. liver dysfunction. B. polyarteritis. C. multiple sclerosis. D. atherosclerosis.

D. atherosclerosis.

Interruption of blood flow to an area within the brain that results in the loss of brain function is known as: Select one: A. meningitis. B. transient ischemic attack. C. seizure. D. stroke.

D. stroke.

A __________ may be a warning sign that a larger, significant stroke may occur in the future. Select one: A. seizure B. migraine headache C. heart attack D. transient ischemic attack

D. transient ischemic attack