Lifespan Development Chapter 5 Quiz
Amygdala
A tiny brain structure that registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety
Children's diets
deficient in iron, zinc, and calcium
Hippocampus
A brain structure that is central processor of memory, especially memory for locations
Age 2-6
Well-nourished children add almost 3 inches in height and gain about 4 ½ pounds in weight
Corpus Callosum
a band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right sides of the brain
Failure if the corpus callosum
develop nominally results in serious disorders and is one of many possible causes of autism
Lead
environment hazard that has been thoroughly researched
Height
especially variable among children of African heritage because they are more genetically diverse.
Impulsiveness and perseveration
have the same underlying cause: immaturity of the prefrontal cortex
Practice
improves dexterity and advances fine motor skills, which involve small body movements, but are still difficult to master
Growth of the corpus callosum
makes communication between the 2 brain hemispheres more efficient
Corpus callosum of left-handed person
often thicker than that of a right-handed person
Increased activity of the amygdala
one reason some children have frightening nightmare or sudden terrors
Limbic System
parts of the brain that are crucial in the expression and regulation of emotions
Myelination
primary reason for faster thinking; the process by which axons become coated with myelin, a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulse from neuron to neuron
1970's Lead
proved that exposure to lead reduces intelligence and increases behavior problems in young children
Lateralization
referring to the specialization in certain functions by each side of the brain, with one side dominant for each activity
"Just-right" phenomenon
some children insist on eating certain foods, prepared and presented in a particular way. Pathological in adults but normal in children under the age 6
Tooth decay
the most common disease of young children in developed nations
Body mass index (BMI)
the ratio of weight to height; it is lower at age 5 than at any other age in the entire life span
By age 2, the brain
weighs 75% of what it will in adults