Lipids SB

Some fatty acids must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them. The term given to this group of compounds is ___ fatty acids.

essential

A fatty acid has a double bond in its carbon chain. It is a(n) ______ fatty acid.

unsaturated

Which of the following is a type of connective tissue that provides energy storage, thermal insulation, and protective cushioning?

Adipose tissue

Which term refers to the dual nature of phospholipids, which contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups?

Amphipathic

True or false: Saturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds.

False

True or false: Unsaturated fatty acids do not have double bonds.

False

Which of the following molecules are the major component of the plasma membrane?

Phospholipids

Which type of eicosanoid is a modified fatty acid with a single five-carbon ring?

Prostaglandin

Which are classifications of fatty acids?

Saturated and unsaturated

A fatty acid contains the maximum number of hydrogens possible. It is ______.

saturated

A hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is a ______. Examples include fatty acids, fats, phospholipids, steroids, and prostaglandins.

Lipid

Hydrophobic organic molecules, such as fatty acids, fats, steroids, and prostaglandins, are classified as what type of molecule?

Lipid

Fatty acids contain ______ groups.

Methyl Carboxyl

Estrogen and testosterone are examples of which type of lipid?

Steroids

Choose the lipids in the list below.

Steroids Fatty acids Eicosanoids Triglycerides Phospholipids

Which are examples of lipids?

Steroids Phospholipids Triglycerides Fatty acids

Identify the components of a triglyceride below. Choose all that apply.

Three fatty acids Glycerol

How many double covalent bonds are in the carbon chain of a polyunsaturated fatty acid?

Two or more

Which steroid is a precursor for all other steroids in the body?

Cholesterol

Which steroid molecule are all of the other steroids derived from?

Cholesterol

Which is a 20-carbon compound derived from arachidonic acid?

Eicosanoids

Which term specifically refers to fatty acids that must be eaten since the human body is unable to synthesize them?

Essential fatty acids

What are the functions of adipose tissue?

Insulation Energy storage Cushioning

Which type of fatty acid has two or more double bonds within its carbon chain?

Polyunsaturated

Molecules described as ___, such as phospholipids, contain both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic region.

amphipathic

A(n) ___ is a lipid that consists of two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic phosphate head.

phospholipid

A ______ is a common signaling molecule derived from a fatty acid.

prostaglandin

___ is the general term for a lipid molecule that consists of four interconnected carbon rings. Examples are cholesterol, testosterone, or estrogen.

steroid

A lipid composed of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a(n)

triglyceride, triglycerol, triacylglycerol, triglycerides, or Triglyceride