Local 483 Apprenticeship Study Guide
Ambrose Godfey
>System consisted of a barrel of water which contained a charge of gunpowder in a waterproof container >A fuse to the powder explodes, the barrel ruptures
"Because of unique circumstances, there will be times when the common "wet pipe" sprinkler system found in the majority of properties is not a good choice for automatic fire protection. ( Such unique circumstances include )
>Unheated buildings >Refrigerated areas >Freezer areas >Occupancies with high combustible loading >Contents that are unusually susceptible to water damage
Side Wall Heads
>Used in areas that are tight on space like hallways >Sprinkler system will spray in a half-circle pattern
4 types of Fire Sprinkler Systems
>Wet System >Dry System >Deluge System >Pre-Action System
Main reason Fire Sprinkler fail...
A - Shut water supply valve is the most obvious way that an automatic sprinkler system can fail B - A broken water main C - Gravity, suction, or pressure tank empty, resulting from a failure of the responsible parties to periodically check the tank D - Failure of a fire pump to start automatically E - Obstruction/Painted heads/Corroded F - Frozen pipes
THE DELUGE SYSTEM.
A type of sprinkler system in which all the heads remain permanently open; when activated by a detection system, a deluge valve allows water into the system.
Alarm Check Valve
A valve that uses a clapper to prevent backflow of water from the sprinkler system and initiates an alarm when water flows through the system.
What should be placed on top of CPVC when its installed in an attic?
Adequate Insulation
Common types of prying tools include
Crowbar Ripping chisel Nail claw
A fire sprinkler that has been print post factory is legal
False
Underground main may be flushed after connection is made to overhead sprinkler piping
False
Underground main may be flushed after connection is made to overhead sprinkler system piping
False
Automatic fire sprinklers are supposed to extinguish fires simultaneously on different floors
False (Only where heat is collected)
FDC
Fire Department Connection
Oxygen Heat Fuel
Fire burns because three elements are present
Fire burns because of these 3 elements
Heat Fuel Oxygen
Frederick Grinnell
Helped to commercialize the Automatic Sprinklers
300 to 1000 F*
Ignition temp of ordinary combustible materials between
John Kane (1881)
Introduced a ball cartridge that would explodes at a hot TEMP
Charles E. Buell (1880s)
Invented a sprinkler that used defectors or baffles
Major Harrison(1864)
Invented the first sprinkler head but never patented it
Example of what type of hazard -School -Hospitals -Public Buildings
Light Hazard
Can you install sprinkler head in cpvc before installing drops?
No
What shall the hydraulic pressure of a fire sprinkler system that does not have an FDC be?
Normal System Operating Pressure
Most common powders used for extinguishing
Sodium bicarbonate + mono-ammonium phosphate
SSP
Standard Spray Pendent
SSU
Standard Sprinkler Upright
Common types of hammers include
Straight-claw Curved-claw Ball-peen Tack Dead blow Engineer's/Chipping hammers Mallets Sledgehammers
All pipe must be reamed
True
Petroleum based lubricants will NOT be used on VICS
True
Monoammonium phosphate
Used for A fires
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
Used for Class B Class C fires
Lintel
Vertical space above the door (Min of 8")
Vaporized
When most substances burn, the actual combustion takes place only after the liquid fuel has been?
Extinguishing Fire
>Remove Heat >Remove Fuel >Remove Oxygen >Stop the Reaction
Upright Sprinkler Heads
>Point up toward the ceiling >These heads are generally used in mechanical rooms or other inaccessible rooms
Normal gasket size for 1-1/2
.625
Normal gasket size for 3'' grove
.625
Normal gasket size for 8"
.750
Class B extinguishers
>Flammable liquids like gasoline, petroleum, oil, paint >Includes flammable gases like propane and butane >Extinguisher type: CO2, dry powder, and/or halon
Marcus Ruthenberg
>Introduced a glass ball held against an open pipe by a double arm lever arrangement held in place by a fusible solder >Ball used as a defector
Class A extinguishers
>Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, trash, and plastics. >Extinguisher type: Water, dry powder, and/or halon
"Ordinary" sprinkler heads temperature
135 to 170 F
1 in how many sprinklers will fail
16million
Side wall distance from the ceil
4 to 6
Min distance an ordinary fire sprinkler may be installed in front of a recessed fire place
6ft
The vaporization of water is very high
980 BTU per pound of water
Wet Pipe System
>A fire suppression sprinkler system that contains pressurized water in all pipes and has some form of valve in each protected area. >Most prevalent system
Pre-action System
>A fire suppression system that contains water in the pipes but will not release the water until detectors in the area have been activated. >Eliminating concerns of water damage due to accidental or false activation.
Auxiliary Drain Valve
>Also called Low-Point Drains or Drum Drips) >Are required for each section of trapped pipe in Dry or Pre-Action Fire Protection Systems >Auxiliary drains collect moisture from the system while minimizing the potential for excessive loss of air pressure
Regardless of whether a sprinkler system is of the wet, dry, deluge, or pre-action type, the sizes of piping used are important if?
>An acceptable flow rate (gallons per minute) and pressure (pounds per square inch) are to exist at each sprinkler head
Class D extinguishers
>Combustible metals such as potassium, sodium, aluminum magnesium >Extinguisher type: Dry powder
Class K extinguishers
>Cooking oils and greases such as animal fats and vegetable fats. >Extinguisher type: Wet chemical
Class C extinguishers
>Energized electrical equipment such as motors, transformers, and appliances. >Extinguisher type: CO2, dry powder, and/or halon
Dry Pipe System
>Fire suppression system that consists of closed sprinklers attached to piping system that contains air under pressure >Type of Fire System used in a building that may fall below freezing temperature
