LPI Linux Essentials 010 V1.6 - Chapter 9 Quiz

What are the two most popular utilities used as the first process that the Linux kernel runs, aside from itself? (Choose two.) A. init B. bash C. systemd D. login E. grub

A, C. The name of the first process that the Linux kernel runs is set in the boot loader configuration file. That program is normally systemd or init, so options A and C are correct. The bash program creates an interactive shell, so option B is incorrect. The login program creates a login prompt on a terminal, allowing users to log into the system, so option D is incorrect. The grub boot loader program is started by the computer BIOS or UEFI system, so option E is incorrect.

Where do most log files reside on a Linux computer? A. /var/log B. /etc/logging C. /usr/log D. /home/logging E. /log/usr

A. Most Linux distributions that follow the filesystem hierarchy standard (FHS) store log files in the /var/log directory structure, so option A is correct. Using the FHS, the /etc directory is for storing application configuration files, not log files, so option B is incorrect. The /usr directory is for storing noncritical applications, so option C is incorrect. The /home directory is for storing user data, so option D is incorrect. The FHS does not specify a /log directory, so most Linux systems don't create one, making option E incorrect.

You're using Bash, and you type emacs to launch the emacs editor. In this case, emacs is Bash's _____________ process. A. child B. parent C. server D. client E. parallel

A. When you launch an application from the Bash shell it becomes a child process of the shell, so Option A is correct. The parent process is the process that launches the new program, not the new program itself, so Option B is incorrect. The terms client and server are used in an environment where one program retrieves information from another, not in the process environment, so Options C and D are incorrect. Parallel processes are programs that are launched from the same parent process. Since emacs is launched from the Bash shell, it is not a parallel process, so Option E is incorrect.

Most Linux distributions maintain information on what packages are installed in the ___________________________ . A. kernel B. package database C. graphical desktop D. /usr/lib directory E. Software updater

B. The package database maintains a listing of all software packages installed by the package manager program, making Option B correct. The kernel interfaces with the system hardware, it doesn't manage installed software packages, so Option A is incorrect. The graphical desktop creates a graphical environment to interact with the Linux system, but doesn't maintain the software packages, so Option C is incorrect. The /usr/lib directory contains library files used by programs, but doesn't manage software packages, so Option D is incorrect. The Software updater program is part of the software management system, but doesn't maintain information on installed packages, making Option E incorrect.

General system messages are likely to be found in /var/log/messages or /var/log/______________ , depending on your distribution. A. secure B. dmesg C. syslog D. mail E.wtmp

C. The /var/log/secure file is a common location for some Linux distributions to place general system messages, so Option C is correct. The secure file is commonly used to track user login information, not general system messages, so Option A is incorrect. The dmesg program displays messages logged into the kernel ring buffer by the kernel; it's not a file that contains general system messages, so Option B is incorrect. The mail file commonly contains messages from the email program on the system, not general system messages, so Option D is incorrect. The wtmp file contains login and logout messages from the system, not general system messages, so Option E is incorrect.

Which of the following tools is best suited to installing a software package and all its dependencies on a Debian computer? A. yum B. zypper C. dmesg D. rpm E.apt-get

E. The apt-get command is used to install software packages on Debian-based Linux systems, so option E is correct. The yum and rpm commands are package management commands but are used on Red Hat-based Linux systems, so options A and D are both incorrect. The zypper command is a package management application but is used on openSUSE Linux systems and not Debian-based systems, so option B is incorrect. The dmesg command is used to view the contents of the kernel ring buffer, not to install software, so option C is incorrect.

The command you use to read messages generated during the boot process and stored in the kernel ring buffer is the command. A. ls B. pwd C. chmod D. cat E. dmesg

E. The dmesg command displays messages stored in the kernel ring buffer, so Option E is correct. The ls command displays directory listings, not kernel messages, so Option A is incorrect. The pwd command displays the current working directory, not kernel messages, so Option B is incorrect. The chmod command changes file and directory permissions, it doesn't display kernel messages, so Option C is incorrect. The cat command displays text files, but since the kernel ring buffer is not a text file you cannot use cat to display it, so Option D is incorrect.

True or false: When using suitable commands, you can normally install a program and be sure that all the software on which it depends will also be installed, provided you have an Internet connection.

True. Network-enabled package management programs provide a method for ensuring any dependencies required by an application are already installed on the system before installing the application. If not, the package management system either installs them automatically or prompts you to install them first.

True or false: The dmesg command may produce different output after a computer has been running for weeks than when it first started.

True. The dmesg command displays the contents of the kernel ring buffer. The kernel ring buffer stores kernel log messages in a limited space. When that space fills up, older log messages are removed to make room for newer messages. Thus, the contents of the kernel ring buffer (and therefore the dmesg output) change as new events occur in the Linux kernel.

True or false: By default, the first process listed in top is currently consuming the most CPU time.

True. The top program allows you to sort the process data based on any data field, but by default it displays the data sorted by CPU usage.