LS 16
Equilibrium
Balance
Where are mechanoreceptors found?
Ear, Skin
Audition
Hearing
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the __________
cornea
the limbus is the junction between the sclera and the __________
cornea
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?
optic disc
Where are end bulbs located?
oral and nasal cavities
Which structure contain exteroceptors
oral cavity, skin
What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?
sclera
Which is a result of sympathetic stimulation of the muscles of the iris?
- contraction of the radial muscle of the iris - dilation of the pupil
Which are true of rods?
- there are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - they function well in dim light
Place the three regions of the ear in order from later to medial
1 External ear 2 Middle ear 3 Inner ear
in order that tears travel through them
1 Lacrimal Puncta 2 Lacrimal canaliculus 3 Lacrimal Sac 4 Nasolacrimal duct
place the auditory ossicles in order that they occur from lateral to medial
1 Malleus 2 Incus 3 Stapes
structures of the eye in order from superficial to deep
1 choroid 2 photoreceptors 3 horizontal cells 4 bipolar cells
each eye has __________ lacrimal puncta
2
How many auditory ossicles are found in each ear?
3
Gustatory information travels through which cranial nerves?
CN IX, CN VII
True or false: Compared to many animals, our olfactory ability is vastly more sensitive and more highly developed
False
place the layers of the eye in order from superficial to deep
Fibrous tunic Vascular tunic Retina
Which are types of papillae?
Filiform, Vallate, Fungiform, Foliate
Where is the cochlea located?
Inner ear
Which are true of conjunctiva?
It is vascular It contains goblet cells It does not cover the cornea
Where are proprioceptors found?
Joints
Which would stimulate somatic nociceptors?
Touching a hot pan Sprained ankle Exposure to acid on the skin
Which taste sensation translates as "delicious flavor" and is perceived as a meaty flavor?
Umami
The tympanic cavity is filled with __________
air
What are the functions of the auditory ossicles?
amplify sound and transmit sound waves to inner ear
What chamber is between the iris and cornea
anterior chamber
the most visible part of the external ear is called the __________ or __________
auricle or pinna
Taste buds are made of gustatory cells, supporting cells, and __________ cells
basal
gustatory cells are __________
chemoreceptors
What is the largest of the vascular tunic?
choroid
what structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?
choroid
The junction of the palpebral and ocular conjunctiva is called the __________
conjunctiva fornix
When light hits the eye, the pupil __________ in bright light or __________ in dim light
constricts, dilates
Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?
cornea, sclera
WHen you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called __________ __________
dark adaptation
Which are examples of encapsulated receptors?
end bulbs, krause bulbs
the auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the __________ __________ meatus
external acoustic
Cutaneous receptors are a type of __________
exteroceptors
The primary function of the __________ is to prevent large objects from contacting the eye
eyelashes
true or false: The eye is spherical, measuring about 5 centimeters in diameter, and most of it is receded into the orbit of the skull
false
The lens is __________ when we are viewing faraway objects
flattened
In a taste bud, the basal cells replace the __________ cells
gustatory
The vitreous body is also called the vitreous __________
humor
Where are photoreceptors located?
in the neural layer of the retina
when the photoreceptors stop __________ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.
inhibiting
Gustatory sensations travel to the __________ of the brain
insula
Specific types of receptors called __________ detect stimuli in the internal organs
interoceptors
The sclera __________
is made of dense connective tissue and provides shape for eye
the lacrimal apparatus produces, collects, and drains __________ fluid
lacrimal
where are tears created?
lacrimal apparatus
What structure focuses incoming light into the retina?
lens
Tactile receptors are a type of __________
mechanoreceptors
The stimulating agent is also called the __________ of stimulus
modality
The fat surrounding the eye is called __________ fat
orbital
The eyelids are also called
palpebrae
the portion of the conjunctiva on the inside of the eyelid is called the __________
palpebral conjunctiva
The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the __________ part of the temporal bone
petrous
If stimulated over a period of time, __________ receptors lose eventually sensitivity
phasic
As tears drain through the lacrimal caruncle, they enter small holes called the lacrimal __________
puncta
The apparent distortion of a spoon in a glass of water is due to the phenomenon called __________
refraction
what structure is the "white" of the eye?
sclera
When a figure skater does a lengthy spin on ice, it is the sensory receptors in her __________ canals of the inner ear that are informing her brain about the position of her moving head.
semicircular
Vision
sight
Receptors for general senses are usually __________
simple in structure
Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the __________ and viscera
skin
We use the sense of __________ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger
smell
olfaction
smell
Which are muscles located in the middle ear
stapedius tensor tympani
Which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?
stapes
Where is the lacrimal gland located?
superior and lateral to the eye
Which are cells found in the olfactory epithelium
supporting cells, basal cells, olfactory cell
Gustation
taste
A feature common to all receptors is __________
the ability to respond to a stimulus
We have the ability to distinguish one odor among __________ of different ones
thousands
Neurons in the olfactory bulb travel through the olfactory __________ to the brain
tract
Which are characteristics of the cornea?
transparent, avascular
True or false: Unlike other sensory information, olfactory pathways do not project to the thalamus
true
the conjunctiva is __________
vascular
which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?
vascular tunic
Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve?
vestibulocochlear
The two types of nociceptors are somatic nociceptors and __________ nociceptors
visceral