LS 16

Equilibrium

Balance

Where are mechanoreceptors found?

Ear, Skin

Audition

Hearing

The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the __________

cornea

the limbus is the junction between the sclera and the __________

cornea

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?

optic disc

Where are end bulbs located?

oral and nasal cavities

Which structure contain exteroceptors

oral cavity, skin

What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?

sclera

Which is a result of sympathetic stimulation of the muscles of the iris?

- contraction of the radial muscle of the iris - dilation of the pupil

Which are true of rods?

- there are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - they function well in dim light

Place the three regions of the ear in order from later to medial

1 External ear 2 Middle ear 3 Inner ear

in order that tears travel through them

1 Lacrimal Puncta 2 Lacrimal canaliculus 3 Lacrimal Sac 4 Nasolacrimal duct

place the auditory ossicles in order that they occur from lateral to medial

1 Malleus 2 Incus 3 Stapes

structures of the eye in order from superficial to deep

1 choroid 2 photoreceptors 3 horizontal cells 4 bipolar cells

each eye has __________ lacrimal puncta

2

How many auditory ossicles are found in each ear?

3

Gustatory information travels through which cranial nerves?

CN IX, CN VII

True or false: Compared to many animals, our olfactory ability is vastly more sensitive and more highly developed

False

place the layers of the eye in order from superficial to deep

Fibrous tunic Vascular tunic Retina

Which are types of papillae?

Filiform, Vallate, Fungiform, Foliate

Where is the cochlea located?

Inner ear

Which are true of conjunctiva?

It is vascular It contains goblet cells It does not cover the cornea

Where are proprioceptors found?

Joints

Which would stimulate somatic nociceptors?

Touching a hot pan Sprained ankle Exposure to acid on the skin

Which taste sensation translates as "delicious flavor" and is perceived as a meaty flavor?

Umami

The tympanic cavity is filled with __________

air

What are the functions of the auditory ossicles?

amplify sound and transmit sound waves to inner ear

What chamber is between the iris and cornea

anterior chamber

the most visible part of the external ear is called the __________ or __________

auricle or pinna

Taste buds are made of gustatory cells, supporting cells, and __________ cells

basal

gustatory cells are __________

chemoreceptors

What is the largest of the vascular tunic?

choroid

what structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?

choroid

The junction of the palpebral and ocular conjunctiva is called the __________

conjunctiva fornix

When light hits the eye, the pupil __________ in bright light or __________ in dim light

constricts, dilates

Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?

cornea, sclera

WHen you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called __________ __________

dark adaptation

Which are examples of encapsulated receptors?

end bulbs, krause bulbs

the auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the __________ __________ meatus

external acoustic

Cutaneous receptors are a type of __________

exteroceptors

The primary function of the __________ is to prevent large objects from contacting the eye

eyelashes

true or false: The eye is spherical, measuring about 5 centimeters in diameter, and most of it is receded into the orbit of the skull

false

The lens is __________ when we are viewing faraway objects

flattened

In a taste bud, the basal cells replace the __________ cells

gustatory

The vitreous body is also called the vitreous __________

humor

Where are photoreceptors located?

in the neural layer of the retina

when the photoreceptors stop __________ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.

inhibiting

Gustatory sensations travel to the __________ of the brain

insula

Specific types of receptors called __________ detect stimuli in the internal organs

interoceptors

The sclera __________

is made of dense connective tissue and provides shape for eye

the lacrimal apparatus produces, collects, and drains __________ fluid

lacrimal

where are tears created?

lacrimal apparatus

What structure focuses incoming light into the retina?

lens

Tactile receptors are a type of __________

mechanoreceptors

The stimulating agent is also called the __________ of stimulus

modality

The fat surrounding the eye is called __________ fat

orbital

The eyelids are also called

palpebrae

the portion of the conjunctiva on the inside of the eyelid is called the __________

palpebral conjunctiva

The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the __________ part of the temporal bone

petrous

If stimulated over a period of time, __________ receptors lose eventually sensitivity

phasic

As tears drain through the lacrimal caruncle, they enter small holes called the lacrimal __________

puncta

The apparent distortion of a spoon in a glass of water is due to the phenomenon called __________

refraction

what structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

When a figure skater does a lengthy spin on ice, it is the sensory receptors in her __________ canals of the inner ear that are informing her brain about the position of her moving head.

semicircular

Vision

sight

Receptors for general senses are usually __________

simple in structure

Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the __________ and viscera

skin

We use the sense of __________ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger

smell

olfaction

smell

Which are muscles located in the middle ear

stapedius tensor tympani

Which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?

stapes

Where is the lacrimal gland located?

superior and lateral to the eye

Which are cells found in the olfactory epithelium

supporting cells, basal cells, olfactory cell

Gustation

taste

A feature common to all receptors is __________

the ability to respond to a stimulus

We have the ability to distinguish one odor among __________ of different ones

thousands

Neurons in the olfactory bulb travel through the olfactory __________ to the brain

tract

Which are characteristics of the cornea?

transparent, avascular

True or false: Unlike other sensory information, olfactory pathways do not project to the thalamus

true

the conjunctiva is __________

vascular

which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

vascular tunic

Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve?

vestibulocochlear

The two types of nociceptors are somatic nociceptors and __________ nociceptors

visceral