man of princ
The performance and maintenance behaviors of leadership are ______ each other.
independent of
A leader is someone who ______ others in attaining goals.
influences
The most comprehensive and generally useful situational model of leadership effectiveness is the ______.
path-goal theory
The five bases of ______ are legitimate, reward, referent, expert, and coercive.
power
Which are recommended ways to develop leadership skills? (Check all that apply.)
practicing making mistakes learning
People with an internal locus of control ______ for their own actions.
take responsibility
What are the basic leadership styles described by Fred E. Fiedler? (Check all that apply.)
task-oriented relationship-oriented
A leader's influence is greater when ______.
the number of followers is large
The appropriateness of democratic leadership depends on the characteristics of the leaders, the followers, and ______.
the situation
Which of the following is the leader's job?
to create a vision
The ______ approach assumes that a leadership personality exists and that leaders are born, not made.
trait
A leader is someone who uses his or her legitimate power to give commands and exchange rewards for services rendered.
transactional
The behavioral approach to leadership attempts to identify ______.
what behaviors effective leaders exhibit
The focus of behavioral leadership is on _________.
what good leaders do
Task performance behaviors focuses on ______. (Check all that apply.)
work speed and quality rule following quantity of output
During assessment, you should ______. (Check all that apply.)
consider what your personal goals are think about your previous successes and failures
Which experiences should you seek in developing your personal leadership style? (Check all that apply.)
dealing with others' performance problems taking on challenging assignments working with people of diverse backgrounds
Level 5 leaders have two characteristics that distinguish them from other leaders. Those characteristics are ______.
determination humility
According to path-goal theory, a(n) _______ leadership style works well when followers have respect for authority.
directive
True or false: Fiedler's contingency model suggests certain kinds of managers are likely to be effective in particular situations.
True
Which is the best example of legitimate power?
A supervisor tells a subordinate to wear safety goggles.
Select the characteristics of authentic leaders.
Honesty Morality Self-awareness Objectivity
Which of the following statements about organizational success are accurate? (Check all that apply.)
Organizational success rests on the ability of followers to follow. Organizational success rests on the quality of leadership.
______ is defined as an employee's self-confidence and self-respect.
Psychological maturity
Which of the following statements about leaders is true?
They cannot act alone.
______ leaders view management as a series of steps in which they use their powers in a dispassionate manner to get work done.
Transactional
The ______ model of leadership focuses on the participative dimension of leadership and how leaders go about making decisions.
Vroom
Directive leadership is most appropriate when followers ______.
are highly authoritarian have low abilities
The most effective developmental experiences have which components? (Check all that apply.)
assessment challenge support
When leaders strive for credibility in the form of honesty, genuineness, reliability, integrity, and trustworthiness, they are said to be ______ leaders.
authentic
What are the three key follower characteristics in the path-goal theory?
authoritarianism ability locus of control
A situation that requires you to come out of your comfort zone and use new skills is defined as a(n) ______.
challenge
A leader who has a vision, a strong conviction in the moral righteousness of his or her beliefs, and the ability to communicate it to others exemplifies the essence of ______.
charisma
Leaders who are dominant, self-confident, and able to communicate their vision to subordinates are ______ leaders.
charismatic
To begin developing your personal leadership style you should ______. (Check all that apply.)
establish credibility become competent in your chosen field learn from your mistakes
PJ is the founder of an non-profit organization that provides support services to members of the armed services suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Volunteers often characterize PJ as honest, credible, and as a man who says what he means and means what he says. PJ is the classic leader with ______.
integrity
When a manager's actions correspond with what the manager says, that manager is exhibiting which leader trait?
integrity
Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory states that before deciding whether task performance or maintenance behaviors are more important, managers should consider an employee's ______.
job maturity psychological maturity
The absence of managerial decision making is known as ______ leadership.
laissez-faire
The type of leadership that is about creating better interpersonal processes for finding solutions and does not involve a hierarchical relationship is ______ leadership.
lateral
Which type of leadership would involve inviting colleagues at the same organizational level to work together to solve problems?
lateral
The belief that leaders influence their followers' perceptions of their work goals and their path in attaining them is known as ______ theory.
path-goal
A manager that has reward power has the ability to ______.
provide others with desirable rewards in exchange for work you need done
A ______ leader is one who ignores the needs of his followers and puts his own self-interests first.
pseudotransformational
Jason ignores the needs of his followers and pursues his own interests. He is called a(n) ______ leader.
pseudotransformational
Which type of leader has a relationship with employees that is akin to serving customers?
servant-leader
True or false: A leader must behave in ways that emphasize both the performance and maintenance dimensions of leadership.
False
True or false: An organization's success is based on a manager's ability to lead, not on whether or not the manager's employees follow.
False
When a situation is unfavorable for leading, how does this impact the manager's job?
It becomes difficult to maintain situational control.
Which statement about laissez-faire leadership style is true?
It results in more negative attitudes and lower performance.
In which leadership theory do leadership behaviors (including open communication, mutual respect, and mutual loyalty) all work to improve relationships?
Leader-member exchange
______ highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but toward individuals on a personal basis.
Leader-member exchange theory
Which of the following are true about managers and leaders? (Check all that apply.)
Leaders are responsible for different processes than managers. Both are important to an organization. The same person can be both a manager and a leader.
According to Fiedler, what determines the favorability of a situation? (Check all that apply.)
Task structure Position power Leader-member relations
The best visions are ideal and unique such that the vision ______. (Choose all that apply.)
communicates pride in being different from other organizations communicates a clear choice of positive values communicates a standard of excellence
People ask a lot from leaders of their organization, including ______. (Check all that apply.)
competence and proper management support for personal development respectful and fair treatment
According to path-goal theory, when a subordinate is not sure how to complete an assigned task, ______ leadership is beneficial.
directive
Of the four leadership behaviors in path-goal theory, ______ leadership is a form of task performance-oriented behavior.
directive
Marco is the owner of Digital Now. His employees say he is an ambitious owner who constantly strives for performance improvement even when conditions in the competitive environment seem almost insurmountable. Based on this description, one can infer that Marco exhibits which leadership attribute?
drive
Courage is needed to help leaders ______.
execute a vision against opposition manage adversaries identify and manage allies
The two key situational factors in path-goal theory are personal characteristics of ______ and the environmental pressures and demands they must cope with.
followers
Actions taken to ensure the satisfaction of group members are ______ behaviors.
group maintenance
Both formal and informal support are important to leaders because each helps them to ______. (Choose all that apply.)
stay the course handle struggles
Group maintenance behaviors focus on ______. (Check all that apply)
stress reduction people's feelings and comfort
Participative leadership behavior is especially helpful when a decision requires ______ support.
subordinate
According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt model of situational leadership, what are the three factors managers should consider before deciding how to lead members of their organization?
subordinates situation managers
According to the path-goal theory, the four pertinent leadership behaviors are ______ leadership.
supportive participative achievement-oriented directive
Actions taken to ensure that the work group or organization reaches its goals are called ______ behaviors.
task performance
The oldest leadership perspective is the ______ approach; this approach focuses on individual leaders and attempts to determine the personal characteristics that great leaders share.
trait
A leader who is able to generate excitement and revitalize an organization is a ______ leader.
transformational
Employees want their leaders to ______.
trust their judgment
A ______ is a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization.
vision
According to path-goal theory, which of the following statements regarding the importance of follower characteristics are true?
Ability is people's beliefs about their abilities to perform their jobs. Authoritarianism is the degree to which individuals defer to authority. Locus of control is the extent to which people believe they can affect their environment.
_____ leadership involves making decisions on one's own and announcing them to the group.
Autocratic
Which of the following is a situational approach to leadership that postulates that effectiveness depends on the personal style of the leader and the degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence over the situation?
Fiedler's contingency model
A preference to be in leadership rather than follower positions is indicative of which leader trait?
Leadership motivation
A combination of strong professional will and humility that builds enduring greatness describes ______ leadership.
Level 5
Which of the following acts of courage are required for a leader to fulfill his or her vision?
Saying what needs to be said to those who need to hear it Persisting despite resistance Seeing things as they are and facing them head-on
_____ theory proposes that the more mature the followers are, the less the leader needs to engage in task performance behaviors.
Situational
The leadership model that emphasizes how leaders go about making decisions based on attributes of the problem at hand is called the ______ model.
Vroom
Which type of leader is most likely to motivate people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the organization?
a transformational leader
What do outstanding leaders have that provides direction and the inspiration to move the organization toward it?
a vision
Managers and leaders are not the same thing. What makes managers different from leaders is that managers have the responsibility to ______ while leaders do not.
address day-to-day complexities
A leader who exhibits a(n) ______ style will make decisions alone, without participation by the group.
autocratic
When a leader has the right or authority to tell others what to do, the leader has ______ power.
legitimate
External locus of control means that whatever happens is a result of ______.
luck or fate
Effective leaders must ______.
make people responsible for their own performance
Job ______ is defined as the level of the employee's skills and technical knowledge relative to the task being performed.
maturity
In situational theory, Hersey and Blanchard identify the ______ as the key situational factor.
maturity of the followers
Maintenance behaviors are most important for followers with _______ levels of maturity.
moderate
Which are part of the leader trait known as leadership motivation? (Check all that apply.)
need for power desire to lead
Autocratic leadership and democratic leadership represent two positions along the dimension of leadership behavior called ______.
participation in decision making
According to path-goal theory, which leadership style would be most appropriate when an employee has an internal locus of control?
participative
Leader behaviors performed by managers that involve their employees in decision making are called ______.
participative decision making
Which of the following are part of the personality characteristic of a leader with drive? (Check all that apply)
persistence in the face of adversity high need for achievement high levels of energy ambition
In path-goal theory, the most appropriate leadership behaviors are determined by which of the following factors? (Check all that apply.)
personal characteristics of followers environmental pressures and demands that followers face
The capacity to influence other people despite resistance is referred to as ______.
power
When a leader is able to get things done or accomplish goals even when others resist, the leader has ______.
power
Which are methods successful leaders have used to develop their leadership skills? (Check all that apply.)
reading autobiographies of good leaders learning from their mistakes observing methods and skills of their managers
Leadership that places primary emphasis on maintaining good interpersonal relationships is known as ______ leadership.
relationship-motivated
Greta, the manager of a local bank, needs to be able to better motivate her employees. She has asked her supervisor for the authority to give and withhold incentives. Greta is asking for an increase in her ______ power.
reward
Laverne joined Biz Mart's philanthropic branch of the company, which offers education and business training to low-income districts. As a ______ leader, Laverne started a new program of collecting gently worn men's and women's business attire to bring to the communities her company was serving.
servant
Laverne joined Biz Mart's philanthropic branch of the company, which offers education and business training to low-income districts. As a ______ leader, Laverne started a new program of collecting gently worn men's and women's business attire to bring to the communities her company was serving. Multiple choice question.
servant
"Look before you lead" corresponds to the ______ approach to leadership.
situational
When leaders vary their behavior to meet the needs of the specific matter at hand, they are practicing the ______ approach to leadership.
situational
A democratic decision may not be appropriate when ______ or decisiveness is of the essence.
speed