MAN4143-leadership Exam 1

They require constant direction because they lack initiative and a sense of responsibility.

Identify a true statement about passive followers in the context of Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership.

vision

Leadership is most associated with words like

transactional approach

What is Hollander's approach to leadership called?

the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals

Which of the following definitions of leadership is fairly comprehensive and helpful?

The tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail is called

the fundamental attribution error.

Kyra, a 16-year-old high school girl, is skeptical about her first day at a new school. She believes that nobody will talk to her and that her new teachers will be rude to her. She enters the class in a negative mood and speaks rudely to everyone. Eventually, she sees that her beliefs about the new school and teachers come true. Which of the following is most likely exemplified in this scenario?

the self-fulfilling prophecy

__________ occurs when people's expectations or predictions play a causal role in bringing about the events they predict.

the self-fulfilling prophecy

During the first two weeks on the job, a new leader should conduct in-person meetings with their peers. Which of the following issues should be discussed with the peers?

the ways issues are raised and decisions made on their boss's team

Efficency

Which of the following words is most often associated with the word "management"?

Which of the following involves participants being given a limited amount of time to prioritize and respond to a number of notes, phone messages, and letters from a fictitious manager's in-basket?

in basket exercises

When a team has fewer than 15 people, what should new leaders do during the first two weeks?

meet individually with everyone on the team

Unlike traditional training programs, action learning

often is conducted in teams of work colleagues who are addressing real company challenges.

People do not see everything that happens in a particular leadership situation, nor do they hear everything; instead they are selective in what they attend to and what they, in turn, understand. A phenomenon that demonstrates this selectivity is called

perceptual set.

The tendency to make external attributions for one's own failures and internal attributions for one's successes is known as

self serving bias

People who are observing an action are much more likely than the actor to make the fundamental attribution error. This is called

the actor/observer difference.

Which of the following involves a willingness to confront your own views and an invitation to others to do so, too?

double loop learning

Observing "with binoculars" involves

stepping back from a situation.

Which of the following fundamental archetypes of leadership is most likely to take risks and action in a crisis?

warrior-knight archtype

Tyranny

A key reason behind using the phrase "desirable opportunities" in a definition of leadership was precisely to distinguish between leadership and

conformist followers

According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, _____ are the "yes people" of organizations and are very active at doing their organization's work.

They are mediocre performers.

According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, which of the following statements is true about pragmatist followers?

Exemplary Followers

According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, who among the following presents a consistent picture to both leaders and coworkers of being independent, innovative, and willing to stand up to superiors?

demonstrated how bias in sex-role stereotypes created problems for women moving up through managerial roles.

In a classic study of sex roles, Schein

women helped subordinates develop commitment to broader goals than their own self-interest.

In survey research by Judith Rosener that identified several differences in how men and women described their leadership experiences, it was found that

cooperative

In the context of the interactional framework, ideal followers are most likely to be described as

Which of the following statements is true of informal coaching?

It takes place whenever a leader helps followers to change their behaviors.

action, observation, and reflection.

Leadership development is enhanced when an experience involves three processes, which are

the heroic theory

Most early research on leadership was based on the assumption that leadership is a general personal trait expressed independently of the situation in which the leadership is manifested. This view is commonly known as

Simone, a senior sales manager at ReadMe Inc., cares about developing the skills of her teammates and works beside them as a role model. In the context of the five fundamental archetypes of leadership, she most likely belongs to the

Teacher-Mentor archetype.

followers, leaders, and situations.

The interactional framework for analyzing leadership includes

Managers administer, while leaders innovate.

Which of the following is a conventional distinction between managers and leaders?

is an interpersonal relation in which others comply because they want to.

According to leadership researchers, leadership

______ describe leadership situations and are used as vehicles for leadership discussions.

Case study

Passive follower

Craig, a marketing manager at HeliZone Inc., rarely takes initiative or suggests new ideas during project meetings. He does his work half-heartedly and needs to be guided by his manager on a regular basis. According to Robert Kelley's basic styles of followership, Craig most likely is a(n)

Jonathan, a front desk executive at Read Books Inc., handled 40 customer calls per day. He was then sent to a training program last month to improve his communication skills, which cost the organization $500. This month, Read Books observes that his growth is positive and substantial and that he is able to handle 60 customer calls per day. His productivity has increased by $700. This scenario most likely exemplifies

ROI

views leadership as combined acts of leading and following by different individuals.

Unlike the role approach, the constructionist approach

According to the fundamental archetypes of leadership, a __________ works on developing something that will benefit all the members in an organization.

Visionary-Alchemist

the stereotype threat

Which of the following is a phenomenon that refers to situations in which people feel themselves at risk of being judged by others holding negative images about them?

Women had significantly lower well-being scores than men.

Which of the following statements is true of women in leadership positions?

In the context of perception, which of the following terms is best described as the explanations people develop for the characteristics, behaviors, or actions to which they attend?

attribution

A personal relationship in which a more experienced mentor (usually someone two to four levels higher in an organization) acts as a guide, role model, and sponsor of a less experienced protégé is known as

mentoring

Which of the following terms describes a kind of learning between an individual and the environment in which learners seek relatively little feedback that may significantly confront their fundamental ideas or actions?

single loop learning