Management chap 7-8

_____ is a method in which a company builds a new business or buys an existing business in a foreign country. a. Direct foreign investment b. Global new venture c. Direct exporting d. Strategic alliance e. Joint venture

a. Direct foreign investment

_____ is the set of shared values and beliefs that affects the perceptions, decisions, and behavior of the people from a particular country. a. National culture b. Cultural diversity c. National diversity d. Cultural nationalization e. National mindset

a. National culture

In the context of managing change, _____ forces support the status quo. a. Resistance b. Generational c. Autonomous d. Dialectical e. Experiential

a. Resistance

_____ occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies. a. Technological substitution b. Organizational synergy c. Transition management d. Incremental environmental change e. Entropy

a. Technological substitution

_____ is the most important factor in determining the success or failure of an international assignment. a. The willingness of an expatriate's spouse and family to adjust to a foreign culture b. The willingness of an expatriate to accept a foreign assignment c. The amount of cross-cultural training provided to an expatriate d. The amount of language training provided to an expatriate e. The similarity of a foreign language to an expatriate's native language

a. The willingness of an expatriate's spouse and family to adjust to a foreign culture

The most important factor in an attractive business climate is the _____. a. easy access to growing markets b. high political risks c. presence of established markets d. high competition among companies e. limited infrastructure

a. easy access to growing markets

An expatriate is someone who _____. a. lives and works outside his or her own country b. claims dual citizenship c. desires to be employed in a country other than his or her own country d. believes strongly in nationalization e. is unhappy with his or her present residence

a. lives and works outside his or her own country

Formal project review points used to assess progress and performance are called _____. a. milestones b. change agents c. change forces d. dominant designs e. prototypes

a. milestones

A(n) _____ is a direct tax on imported goods. Select one: a. tariff b. nontariff barrier c. trade roadblock d. boycott quota e. import subsidy

a. tariff

In 2000, the United States imposed a tax on all steel imports in an effort to protect about 5,000 jobs. This tax is an example of a(n) _____. a. tariff b. financial boycott c. import duty d. subsidy e. voluntary import restraint

a. tariff

The two general kinds of trade barriers are _____. Select one: a. tariff barriers and nontariff barriers b. voluntary and involuntary barriers c. government import standards and industry import standards d. qualitative and quantitative barriers e. nationalistic and geocentric barriers

a. tariff barriers and nontariff barriers

Which of the following statements is true about the compression approach to managing innovation? a. It is used during periods of uncertainty. b. It is used during periods of incremental change. c. It involves the general strategy of building something new. d. It aims at developing a new dominant design. e. It is used during periods of discontinuous change.

b. It is used during periods of incremental change.

Protectionism is the use of trade barriers to protect local companies and their workers from _____. a. international unions b. foreign competition c. trademark infringements d. copyright violations e. patent violations

b. foreign competition

When the first cell phone was released, only a few people could afford to buy it. Over the years, mobile manufacturers improved the phone designs and features and also reduced their cost to make them more affordable. This signaled the shift to the _____ stage of the technology cycle. a. technological continuity b. incremental change c. dominant design d. technological discontinuity e. discontinuous change

b. incremental change

Which of the following is one of the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin? a. organizational dialogue b. unfreezing c. change definition d. incremental change e. change mentoring

b. unfreezing

Managing global joint ventures can be difficult because they: a. ​help companies to allow nontariff barriers to entry. b. ​represent a merging of four cultures. c. ​increase the number of tariffs that have to be paid. d. ​can only be used by large companies that already have an international presence. e. ​use local consistency in marketing.

b. ​represent a merging of four cultures.

Which of the following methods for managing resistance to change should only be used as a last resort or under crisis conditions? a. Reinforcement modification b. Arbitration c. Coercion d. Mentoring e. Negotiation

c. Coercion

_____ are defined as workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged. a. Hierarchical work stations b. Bureaucratic work teams c. Creative work environments d. Homogeneous work environments e. Centralized work envvironments

c. Creative work environments

_____ are two kinds of cooperative contracts. a. Direct investment and indirect investment b. Joint ventures and strategies alliances c. Franchising and licensing d. Licensing and joint ventures e. Direct exporting and indirect exporting

c. Franchising and licensing

____ is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition. a. Technological lockout b. Change substitution c. The technological growth stage d. Discontinuous change e. Technological adaptation

d. Discontinuous change

At which stage of organizational decline does the decline become irreversible? a. Blinded stage b. Faulty action stage c. Crisis stage d. Dissolution stage e. ​Inaction stage

d. Dissolution stage

In the _____ stage of organizational decline, cutbacks and layoffs will have reduced the level of talent among employees. a. faulty action b. inaction c. blinded d. crisis e. dissolution

d. crisis

A technology cycle occurs whenever there are major advances or changes in the _____ in a field or discipline. a. way information is retrieved b. internal resource environment c. human, technical, and conceptual skills needed d. knowledge, tools, and techniques e. structure or personnel requirements

d. knowledge, tools, and techniques

The _____ created a regional trading zone in Europe. a. Free Trade Agreement b. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation c. Global Agreement for Transactional Trading d. Association of Southeast Asian Nations e. Maastricht Treaty

e. Maastricht Treaty

Hofstede's research has shown that there are _____. a. no cultural differences among nations in which Spanish is the national language b. two distinct methods for dealing with cultural differences--adaptation and continuation c. direct relationships existing between type of infrastructures and growth potential d. four factors upon which a company should base its decision to globalize e. five consistent dimensions of cultural differences across countries

e. five consistent dimensions of cultural differences across countries