Management Chapter 14

Teams deal with _(1)_ conflict and _(2)_ conflict.

1. task 2. relationship

Balancing Conflict and Cooperation

Conflict can help eliminate *groupthink* Conflict can cause morale and productivity problems

Performing a Team

Cooperation, Problem solving

Contributions of Effective Teams

Creativity Quality Speed Productivity/ Lower costs Employee satisfaction

Negotiation

Integrative Distributive

Team Composition

Knowledge and skills Benefits and costs

Organizational Context

Leadership Environment Culture Strategy Reward, control systems

Trust

Members trust one another on a deep emotional level; feel comfortable being vulnerable with one another

Consequences of Team Cohesiveness

Morale, productivity

Member Roles

Must focus on both task and social roles

Forming a Team

Orientation, breaking the ice

Work Team Effectiveness

Productive output Personal satisfaction Capacity to adapt and learn

Size

Productivity peaks at five members

Reaching a Win-Win Solution

Separate the people from the problem Focus on interests, not current demands Generate many alternatives for mutual gain Insist that results be based on objective standards

Self-Managed Teams

Supervised by elected employee

Adjourning a Team

Task completion

Determinants of Team Cohesiveness

Team interaction, shared goals, personal attraction to the team

Cohesiveness

The extent to which members are attracted to the team and motivated to remain in it

Commitment

Because all the ideas are put on the table, people can achieve genuine buy-inaroulnd important goals and decisions eventually

Norming a Team

Establishment of order and cohesion

Cross-functional team

Horizontal: committee with cross-functional membership

Types of Dysfunction in Teams

Lack of Trust Fear of Conflict Lack of commitment Avoidance of accountability Inattention to results

What is a Team?

Two or more people Interaction Shared performance goal Shared commitment to goal and accountability

Distributive

win-lose

Integrative

win-win

Mediation

Allowing a third party to help with disputes

Causes of Conflict

Competition over resources Communication breakdowns

Storming a Team

Conflict, argument

Global Teams

Cross-border work teams Members from different nationalities May operate virtually

Formal Team

Defined by formal organizational structure Vertical: functional or command team

Diversity

Diverse skills, knowledge, and experience produces innovative solutions

Socioemotional Roles

Encouraging Harmonizing Reducing tension Following Compromising

Team Type

Formal Self-directed Virtual/Global

Stages of Team Development

Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

Lack of Commitment

If people are afraid to express their true opinions, it's difficult to gain their true commitment to decisions

Results orientation

Individual members set aside personal agendas; focus on what's best for the team. Collective results define success.

Task Specialist Role

Initiating ideas Giving opinions Seeking information Summarizing Energizing

Virtual Teams

Made up of members who are geographic or organizationally dispersed, rarely meet face-to-face, and interact via technology

Healthy conflict

Members feel comfortable disagreeing and challenging one another in the interest of finding the best solution

Accountability

Members hold one another accountable rather than relying on managers as the source of accountability

Inattention to results

Members put personal ambition or the needs of their individual departments ahead of collective results

Avoidance of accountability

People don't accept responsibility for outcomes; engage in finger-pointing when things go wrong

Lack of trust

People don't feel safe to reveal mistakes, share concerns, or express ideas

Fear of conflict

People go along with others for the sake of harmony; don't express conflicting opinions

Free riders

People who benefit from the team's work, but do not make a proportionate contribute

Team Characteristics

Size Diversity Roles

Team Process

Stages of Development Cohesiveness Norms Conflict Resolution

Norm

Standard of conduct that is shared by team members and guides behavior

Effective Team Characteristics

Trust Healthy conflict Commitment Accountability Results orientation

Effective team Characteristics

Trust Healthy conflict Commitment Accountability Results orientation

Why are teams becoming increasingly more common at workplaces?

Work is becoming more and more interdependent.