Management Chapter 14
Teams deal with _(1)_ conflict and _(2)_ conflict.
1. task 2. relationship
Balancing Conflict and Cooperation
Conflict can help eliminate *groupthink* Conflict can cause morale and productivity problems
Performing a Team
Cooperation, Problem solving
Contributions of Effective Teams
Creativity Quality Speed Productivity/ Lower costs Employee satisfaction
Negotiation
Integrative Distributive
Team Composition
Knowledge and skills Benefits and costs
Organizational Context
Leadership Environment Culture Strategy Reward, control systems
Trust
Members trust one another on a deep emotional level; feel comfortable being vulnerable with one another
Consequences of Team Cohesiveness
Morale, productivity
Member Roles
Must focus on both task and social roles
Forming a Team
Orientation, breaking the ice
Work Team Effectiveness
Productive output Personal satisfaction Capacity to adapt and learn
Size
Productivity peaks at five members
Reaching a Win-Win Solution
Separate the people from the problem Focus on interests, not current demands Generate many alternatives for mutual gain Insist that results be based on objective standards
Self-Managed Teams
Supervised by elected employee
Adjourning a Team
Task completion
Determinants of Team Cohesiveness
Team interaction, shared goals, personal attraction to the team
Cohesiveness
The extent to which members are attracted to the team and motivated to remain in it
Commitment
Because all the ideas are put on the table, people can achieve genuine buy-inaroulnd important goals and decisions eventually
Norming a Team
Establishment of order and cohesion
Cross-functional team
Horizontal: committee with cross-functional membership
Types of Dysfunction in Teams
Lack of Trust Fear of Conflict Lack of commitment Avoidance of accountability Inattention to results
What is a Team?
Two or more people Interaction Shared performance goal Shared commitment to goal and accountability
Distributive
win-lose
Integrative
win-win
Mediation
Allowing a third party to help with disputes
Causes of Conflict
Competition over resources Communication breakdowns
Storming a Team
Conflict, argument
Global Teams
Cross-border work teams Members from different nationalities May operate virtually
Formal Team
Defined by formal organizational structure Vertical: functional or command team
Diversity
Diverse skills, knowledge, and experience produces innovative solutions
Socioemotional Roles
Encouraging Harmonizing Reducing tension Following Compromising
Team Type
Formal Self-directed Virtual/Global
Stages of Team Development
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
Lack of Commitment
If people are afraid to express their true opinions, it's difficult to gain their true commitment to decisions
Results orientation
Individual members set aside personal agendas; focus on what's best for the team. Collective results define success.
Task Specialist Role
Initiating ideas Giving opinions Seeking information Summarizing Energizing
Virtual Teams
Made up of members who are geographic or organizationally dispersed, rarely meet face-to-face, and interact via technology
Healthy conflict
Members feel comfortable disagreeing and challenging one another in the interest of finding the best solution
Accountability
Members hold one another accountable rather than relying on managers as the source of accountability
Inattention to results
Members put personal ambition or the needs of their individual departments ahead of collective results
Avoidance of accountability
People don't accept responsibility for outcomes; engage in finger-pointing when things go wrong
Lack of trust
People don't feel safe to reveal mistakes, share concerns, or express ideas
Fear of conflict
People go along with others for the sake of harmony; don't express conflicting opinions
Free riders
People who benefit from the team's work, but do not make a proportionate contribute
Team Characteristics
Size Diversity Roles
Team Process
Stages of Development Cohesiveness Norms Conflict Resolution
Norm
Standard of conduct that is shared by team members and guides behavior
Effective Team Characteristics
Trust Healthy conflict Commitment Accountability Results orientation
Effective team Characteristics
Trust Healthy conflict Commitment Accountability Results orientation
Why are teams becoming increasingly more common at workplaces?
Work is becoming more and more interdependent.
