Management chapter 3

__________ occurs when group members withhold different views to appear as though they are in agreement.

Groupthink

In countries where managers use participative decision making, decisions take longer than in countries where managers use autocratic decision making. true or flase

true

Synectics is the process of generating novel alternatives through role playing and fantasizing. true or false

true

The current trend in management favors increased employee participation. true or flase

true

When making a decision under conditions of uncertainty, lack of information or knowledge makes the outcome of each alternative unpredictable, so you cannot determine probabilities. true or flase

true

With programmed decision making, the alternative is usually predetermined. true or false

true

When making a decision under conditions of __________, lack of information or knowledge makes the outcome of each alternative unpredictable, so you cannot determine probabilities.

uncertainty

Creativity is defined as:

a way of thinking that generates new ideas

The development-driven version of Vroom's participative decision-making model:

emphasizes group development

Which of the following quantitative techniques is the most subjective in making a decision?

cost-benefit analysis

__________ are the standards that an alternative must meet to be selected as the decision that will accomplish the objective.

criteria

Nonprogrammed decisions are used in conjunction with decision rules or organizational policies and procedures. true or flase

false

The time-driven version of Vroom's participative decision-making model emphasizes group development. true or false

false

Optimal allocation of resources is determined by using:

linear programming

A problem exists whenever:

objectives are not being met

The three stages in the creative process, in order, are:

preparation, incubation and illumination, and evaluation.

Nominal grouping usually involves __________ steps.

six

A reflective decision maker may be viewed as all of the following EXCEPT: indecisive. a procrastinator. someone who "shoots from the hip." wishy-washy.

someone who "shoots from the hip"

Brainstorming is the process of:

suggesting many possible alternatives without evaluation.

__________ is the process of generating novel alternatives through role playing and fantasizing.

synthetics