Management EXAM 2

Prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, religion, skin, color, sex, or national origin

Civil Rights Act, Title VII

Requires continued health insurance coverage (paid by employee) following termination.

Consolidated Omnibus budget reconciliation Act (COBRA)

duplication of resources across divisions. less technical depth and specialization. poor coordination across divisions

Disadvantages of divisional structural approach

frustration and confusion from a dual chain of command. high conflict between two sides of the matrix. many meetings; more discussion than action

Disadvantages of matrix structural approach

dual loyalties and conflict. time and resources spent on meetings. unplanned decentralization

Disadvantages of team structural approach

lack of control; weak boundaries. greater demands on managers. weaker employee loyalty

Disadvantages of virtual network structural approach

requires employers to provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergencies

Family and Medical Leave Act

allows employees to switch health insurance plans when changing jobs and get the new coverage regardless of preexisting health conditions; prohibits group plans from dropping a sick employee

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Establishes mandatory safety and health standards in organizations

Occupational Safety and Health act (OSHA)

impose a fee on firms with 50 or more employees if the government subsidizes their employees' health coverage based on preexisting conditions or charging women more than men

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Prohibits discrimination based on physical or mental disability and requires that employees be informed about affirmative action plans

Vocational Rehabilitation Act

: If an OD consultant is hired to implement a _________, this activity will include meeting with employees from across the organization and often external stakeholders to have a sustained guided dialogue.

a large group intervention

_______ means incorporating processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation

ambidextrous

means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and the systematic implementation of innovations

ambidextrous approach

is an in-house training and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities

corporate university

refers to the generation of novel ideas that might meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization

creativity

refers to innovations in products or services that typically start small and end up completely replacing an existing product or service technology for producers and consumers

disruptive innovation

the degree to which the organizational tasks are subdivided into separate jobs

division of labor

ABC Company has 7 Research and Development centers. This would suggest a _____ structure

divisional

the stage where ideas for new products and technologies are born

exploration

often the result of failed cooperation

failed innovation

to build human capital, HRM develops strategies for the following:

finding the best people. enhancing their skills and knowledge with training programs and opportunities for personal and professional development. providing compensation and benefits that support the sharing of knowledge and appropriately reward people for their contributions to the organization

has a wide span, is horizontally dispersed, and has fewer hierarchical levels

flat structure

in ____________ _______________, activities are grouped together by common function from the bottom to the top of the organization

functional structure

Multiple departments within an organization work simultaneously to contribute to new products or technologies

horizontal linkage model

a person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization

idea champion

a mechanism that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics

idea incubator

approach brings together participants from all parts of the organization to discuss problems or opportunities and plan for change

large-group intervention

Your manager has ____ when he has the right to tell you what work to do and to hold you accountable for doing it

line authority

means that people in management positions have the formal authority to direct and control immediate subordinates

line authority

the most common type of training is ______ ____ _____ ________ where an experienced employee is asked to train a new employee

on-the-job training (OJT)

_____ is the deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals

organization

The characteristics of vertical structure are portrayed in the ________ __________, which is the visual representation of an organization's structure

organization chart

You would study a business's __________ to see a visual representation of its vertical structure, including the chain of command.

organization chart

_______ defines how to do it

organizing

refers to the radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, service, and speed

re-engineering

The highest level of horizontal coordination is

relational coordination

frequent, timely, problem-solving, communication carried out through [employee] relationships of shared goals, shared knowledge, and mutual respect

relational coordination

the highest level of horizontal coordination is

relational coordination

When your manager assigns you a task, you have the _______ to carry out that task as assigned

responsibility

_______ _______ refers to a clearly defined line of authority in the organization that includes all employees

scalar principle

refers to a clearly defined line of authority in the organization that includes all employees

scalar principle

one issue of growing concern is

sexual harassment

a separate, small , informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas

skunk works

means learning informally from others by using social media tools

social learning

the number of employees reporting to a supervisor and determines how closely a supervisor can monitor subordinates

span of management

is narrower and includes the right to advise, recommend, and counsel in the staff specialists' are of expertise

staff authority

requires innovation requires expertise from several departments simultaneously

successful innovation

has an overall narrow span and more hierarchical levels

tall structure

Taco Bell and McDonald's are considering adding kiosks in restaurants for customers to place their orders. This __________ will hopefully make the ordering process more efficient and increase accuracy.

technology change

most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets

training

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

true

many companies particularly emphasize training and development for managers, with the idea that the behavior and attitudes of managers will influence people throughout the organization and lead to culture change

true

The ____ _____ ______ means that the firm subcontracts most of its major functions to separate companies and coordinates their activists from a small organization at headquarters

virtual network structure

Strategy defines _____ to do (it) while organizing defines _____ to do (it).

what; how

The smartphone which essentially put a computer in people's pockets, is an example of ________ because it has replaced other technologies.

a disruptive innovation

Contracting out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a

virtual network

poor communication across functional departments. slow response to external charges; lagging innovation. decisions concentrated at the top of hierarchy creating delay

Disadvantages of functional structural approach

shows that the research, manufacturing, and sales and marketing departments within an organization simultaneously contribute to new products and technologies

horizontal linkage model

During the _____ stage of change, managers might confront employees with clear evidence that the company's current performance is not competitive.

unfreezing

_______ _____ __________ means that each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor.

unity of command

means that each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor

unity of command

innovative companies use a __________ ________, encouraging the flow of ideas from lower levels and making sure they get heard and acted upon by top exectuives

bottom-up approach

the unbroken line of authority that links all employees in an organization and shows who reports to whom

chain of command

occurs when hiring and promotion decisions are made based on criteria that are not job relevant

discrimination

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can be best described as which type of innovation?

disruptive

the _______ _________ occurs when departments are grouped together based on similar organizational outputs

divisional structure

______ strategy recognizes that the cutting edge of innovation often happens with young, small, entrepreneurial companies

innovation-by-acquisition

a unit separate from the rest of the organization that is responsible for developing and initiating a major innovation

new-venture team

prohibits sex differences in pay for substantially equal work

Equal Pay Act

_____ defines what to do

strategy

Organizing is important because

it follows strategy

fast response; flexibility in an unstable environment. fosters concern for customer needs. excellent coordination across functional departments

Advantages of divisional structural approach

Efficient use of resources; economies of scale in-depth skill specialization and development. Top manager direction and control

Advantages of functional structural approach

more efficient use of resources than a single hierarchy. flexibility, adaptability to a changing environment. interdisciplinary cooperation; expertise available to all divisions

Advantages of matrix structural approach

reduced barriers among departments; increased compromise. shorter response time; quicker decisions. better morale; enthusiasm from employee involvement

Advantages of team structural approach

can draw on expertise worldwide. highly flexible and responsive. reduced overhead costs

Advantages of virtual network structural approach

requires that an employer take positive steps to guarantee equal employment opportunities for people within protected groups

Affirmative action

Prohibits age discrimination and restricts mandatory retirement

Age Discrimination in employment Act

Prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals by employers on the basis of disability and demands that "reasonable accomodations" be provided

Americans with Disabilities Act

Provides for possible compensatory and punitive damages, plus traditional back pay, for cases of intentional discrimination. Shifts the burden of proof to the employer.

Civil Rights Act